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Glossary Search Results
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- LANDSAT
- A series of five satellites launched by the United States, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The first satellite in this series was launched in 1972, for the purpose of providing general-purpose landuse or landcover images of nearly the entire Earth's surface at a scale approximately 1:1 000 000. The satellites use two imaging systems: a multispectral scanner (MSS) and Thematic Mapper (TM) to record electromagnetic radiation in digital form on computer tape which is later processed into images. In Canada, the receiving station is located near Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.
- Labour Market Activities: Experienced Labour Force
- Refers to persons 15 years of age and over, excluding institutional residents, who were employed or unemployed during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day, and who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 1995 or in 1996. The experienced labour force can be derived by excluding from the total labour force those unemployed persons 15 years of age and over who have never worked or who had last worked prior to January 1, 1995 only. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Cat. No. 92-351-XPE, Statistics Canada)
- Lake
- Any inland body of standing water, usually of fresh water, filling a depression in the earth's surface. Small lakes are usually called pools or ponds.
- Land survey systems
- In Canada, there are two basic ways in which land has been put in large scale surveys, the concession-lot system used in Eastern Canada, and the township-range system of Western Canada. (See Township, Range and Lot).
- Landfast Ice
- Sea ice that forms along the coast and remains attached to the shore.
- Landform map
- A map depicting the physical surface of the Earth by using semi-pictorial symbols.
- Landmark feature
- A prominent feature on land used to communicate location or direction. For example, a building, an electricity transmission tower or a boundary monument. Landmark features are usually symbolized on topographic maps.
- Language Group
- Population with a common mother tongue. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Statistics Canada)
- Large-scale map
- In general, a large-scale map provides coverage of a small area of the Earth. There is no universally accepted standard classification of maps according to scale. However, a map at a scale of 1:50 000 or larger (such as 1:25 000) is considered a large-scale map. Topographic maps fall into this category, while maps at a scale of 1:1 000 or larger are called plans. (See Medium-scale map and Small-scale map).
- Latitude
- Part of a spherical reference system used to locate positions on the surface of the Earth. The angular distance in degrees, minutes, and seconds measured from the centre of the Earth to a point north and south of the Equator. (See Longitude and Parallels).
- Layer tints
- (See Hypsometric tints)
- Layer, map
- A related set of spatially referenced digital data, either thematic or base information. Data sets are identified by feature type and class, with attributes. Examples of map layers are: roads, rivers, population distribution, and political boundaries.
- Layout, map
- A drawing or mock-up showing the position of map components such as the title, legend, scale, inset maps, etc. A guide for planning and design purposes.
- Legal Marital Status
- Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Statistics Canada)
- Legally married (and not separated)
- Persons whose husband or wife is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained. Legally married (and not separated); Separated, but still legally married; Divorced; Widowed; Never married (single) In 1996, Aboriginal people married according totraditional customs were instructed to report themselves as legally married. "Separated” persons were included with married persons in 1966 and 1961. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Statistics Canada)
- Legend
- A description or explanation of the symbology and other information printed on a map, chart or diagram, to provide a better understanding and interpretation of the data portrayed. Usually located in the margin.
- Leisure Services
- Those commercial services that are oriented to spare time, daily, week-ends, or tourism.
- Length
- A measure of how far apart two physically connected points are, or an interval of time, both expressed in units of quantity. Not to be confused with distance, which refers to non-connected points.
- Leveling
- A survey operation used to determine the elevation of points or objects relative to a specified datum, usually mean sea level.
- Life Expectancy
- The mean number of years a person would live if he or she were among a group of people who are born at the same time and proceed through life subject to all of the age-specific mortality rates existing at the time of birth. On October 31, 2000 the life expectancy of Canadian women is 81 years and for men, 75 years (Source: Health Canada).
- Light Duty Vehicles
- Automobiles and light trucks combined. (Source: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Global Warming Site).
- Light table
- A table with a transparent or translucent glass top and lights underneath. Used in drafting and cartographic work for tracing, scribing, peeling, registration of reproduction material and negative retouch.
- Line
- A one-dimensional geometric entity, with length but no width or thickness. In digital technology, a stream or sequence of coordinates that symbolize a linear feature having no area at a given scale, such as roads, rivers and boundaries. (See Vector data).
- Line drawing
- A map or drawing on which all visible elements are solid on a white or monochrome background. The line, point, area and type image has no halftone or continuous tone gradation. Also called a line copy.
- Linear feature
- A geographic feature that can be symbolized by a line or set of lines. Examples are roads, rivers, railways and boundaries.
- Linear scale
- (See Bar scale)
- Linguistic family
- Broadest of all language classifications; all languages that are known to have common roots (origin). [For example: there is no link between Iroquoian and Algonquian. They are totally different with no common basis.].
- Lithography
- The planographic process of printing from a stone or metal plate. This process is based on the principle that grease repels water, thereby allowing the printing and nonprinting areas to be on the same plane. The image to be printed is photomechanically produced on the surface of the plate by a greasy chemical to which greasy printing ink adheres. At the same time, nonprinting areas are kept damp with a water and gum arabic solution which repels the ink. (From the Greek, "lithos graphos" meaning writing on stone). (See Off-set printing).
- Location
- A fundamental spatial entity with information identifying its position in space. The location of a point in space may be described numerically by "x", "y", and "z" coordinates. Other methods of identifying the location of a point may be used, as long as the information is precise enough to find it. Also called position.
- Lone parent
- Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more never-married sons and/or daughters. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Statistics Canada)
- Longitude
- Part of a spherical reference system used to locate positions on the surface of the Earth. The angular distance in degrees, minutes, and seconds measured from the centre of the Earth to a point east and west of the Greenwich Meridian (prime or international meridian). (See Latitude and Meridian).
- Lot
- In a large scale legal land survey, the smallest geographical unit of land. Lots are differentiated from each other by numbers (thus, Lot 15 of the 3rd Concession, Geomatics township). Lots are usually 100 acres in size, their boundaries (which may often correspond to property boundaries) are called lot lines.
- Low Birthweight
- A weight at birth that is lower than 2 500 g.
- Low Income Cut-offs (LICOs)
- Measures of low income known as low income cut-offs (LICOs) were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income on these basic necessities would be in “straitened” circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families. Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. These data indicated that Canadian families spent, on average, 42% in 1969, 38.5% in 1978, 36.2% in 1986 and 34.7% in 1992 of their income on basic necessities. By adding the original difference of 20 percentage points to the basic level of expenditure on necessities, new low income cut-offs were set at income levels differentiated by family size and degree of urbanization. Since then, these cut-offs have been updated yearly by changes in the consumer price index. (Source: 1996 Census Dictionary, Cat. No. 92-351-XPE, Statistics Canada)
- Loxodrome
- (See Rhumb line)
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