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The effect of prenatal and early childhood experiences on subsequent
health, well-being, coping skills and competence is very powerful. Children
born in low-income families are more likely than those born to high-income
families to have low birth weights, to eat less nutritious food and to
have more difficulty in school. Mothers at each step up the income scale
have babies with higher birth weights, on average, than those on the step
below.
The 1994 National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) indicates
that rates of family dysfunction and parental depression are higher in
poor families than in more affluent families, and that poor children do
not have the same scholastic and verbal skills entering school as their
non- impoverished peers.
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