PART 2

CLASSIFICATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Definitions

APPENDIX 1 Marine Pollutants

APPENDIX 2 Description of Compatibility Groups, Class 1, Explosives

APPENDIX 3 Guide to Risk Group Assignments

APPENDIX 4 Leachate Extraction: Substances and Concentrations

APPENDIX 5 Environmentally Hazardous Substances Intended for Disposal

CLASSIFICATION

Definitions

Definitions for the following terms, used in this Part, are provided in Part 1, Coming into Force, Repeal, Interpretation, General Provisions and Special Cases:

2.1 Determining When Substances Are Dangerous Goods

A substance is dangerous goods when

• (a) it is listed by name in Schedule 1 and is in any form, state or concentration that meets the criteria in this Part for inclusion in at least one of the 9 classes of dangerous goods; or

• (b) it is not listed by name in Schedule 1 but meets the criteria in this Part for inclusion in at least one of the 9 classes of dangerous goods.

2.2 Responsibility for Classification

The consignor is responsible for determining the classification of dangerous goods. This activity is normally done by, or in consultation with, a person who understands the nature of the dangerous goods such as a manufacturer, a person who formulates, blends or otherwise prepares mixtures or solutions of goods or, in the case of infectious substances, a doctor, scientist, veterinarian, epidemiologist, genetic engineer, microbiologist, pathologist, nurse, coroner or laboratory technologist or technician.

(1) Before allowing a carrier to take possession of dangerous goods for transport, the consignor must determine the classification of the dangerous goods in accordance with this Part.

(2) When importing dangerous goods into Canada, the consignor must ensure that they have the correct classification before they are transported in Canada.

(3) A consignor may use a classification that was determined by

• (a) for Class 1, Explosives, the Chief Inspector of Explosives, Department of Natural Resources;

• (b) for Class 6.2, Infectious Substances, the Director, Office of Biosafety, Health Canada, or the Director, Biohazard Containment and Safety, Canadian Food Inspection Agency;

• (c) a previous consignor of the dangerous goods; or

• (d) the manufacturer.

(4) A consignor may use the appropriate classification in the ICAO Technical Instructions, the IMDG Code or the UN Recommendations to transport dangerous goods within Canada by a road vehicle, a railway vehicle or a ship on a domestic voyage if these Regulations or the document from which the classification is taken does not forbid their transport.

(5) If an error in classification is noticed or if there are reasonable grounds to suspect an error in classification, the consignor must not allow a carrier to take possession of the dangerous goods for transport until the classification has been verified or corrected.

(6) A carrier who notices an error in classification or has reasonable grounds to suspect an error in classification while the dangerous goods are in transport must advise the consignor and must stop transporting the dangerous goods until the consignor verifies or corrects the classification. The consignor must immediately verify or correct the classification and ensure that the carrier is provided with the verified or corrected classification.

When reading sections 2.3 to 2.6, it is useful to remember that the word "classification" is defined in Part 1 and includes, as applicable, the shipping name, primary class, compatibility group, subsidiary class, UN number, packing group and risk group of dangerous goods.

2.3 Classifying Substances That Are Listed by Name in Schedule 1

If a name of dangerous goods is shown as a shipping name in column 2 of Schedule 1, that name must be used as the shipping name. That shipping name and the corresponding data for that shipping name in columns 1, 3 and 4 of Schedule 1 must be used as the classification of the dangerous goods.

For example, the name ACETONE is shown in column 2 of Schedule 1. ACETONE is the shipping name. The class, 3, is shown in column 3, the UN number, UN1090, is shown in column 1 and the packing group, II, is shown in column 4. Similarly, the name CHARGES, DEPTH, is shown in column 2 of Schedule 1. CHARGES, DEPTH, is the shipping name. The class, 1.1D, is shown in column 3, the UN number, UN0056, is shown in column 1 and the packing group, II, is shown in column 4.

2.4 Classifying Substances That Are Included in Only One Class and One Packing Group

If, in accordance with the criteria and tests in this Part, a substance is included in only one class and one packing group, the substance is dangerous goods and the shipping name in column 2 of Schedule 1 that most precisely describes the dangerous goods and that is most consistent with the class and the packing group determined by the criteria and tests must be selected as the shipping name. That shipping name and the corresponding data for that shipping name in columns 1, 3 and 4 of Schedule 1 must be used as the classification of the dangerous goods.

2.5 Classifying Substances That Are Included in More Than One Class or Packing Group

The word "potential" is used in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this section because the final subsidiary class or classes and the final packing group are determined in accordance with paragraph (d).

If, in accordance with the criteria and tests in this Part, a substance meets the criteria for inclusion in more than one class or packing group, the substance is dangerous goods and its classification is determined in the following manner:

• (a) the classes in which the dangerous goods are included are ranked in order of precedence in accordance with section 2.8 to determine the primary class and the potential subsidiary class or classes;

• (b) the potential packing group is the one with the lowest roman numeral;

• (c) the shipping name in column 2 of Schedule 1 that most precisely describes the dangerous goods and for which the corresponding data in columns 1, 3 and 4 are the most consistent with the primary class, the potential subsidiary class or classes and the potential packing group are selected; and

• (d) the shipping name and the corresponding data in columns 1, 3 and 4 of Schedule 1 are used as the classification of the dangerous goods.

2.6 Classifying a Mixture or Solution

A mixture or solution of substances that are not dangerous goods and one substance that is dangerous goods and that is listed by name in Schedule 1 has the classification shown for the dangerous goods in that Schedule if the mixture or solution is still dangerous goods in accordance with paragraph 2.1(a) and the mixture or solution is not identified by a shipping name in Schedule 1. However, if the classification for the dangerous goods does not precisely describe the mixture or solution but the mixture or solution meets the criteria in this Part for inclusion in at least one of the 9 classes of dangerous goods, then sections 2.4 and 2.5 must be used to determine its classification.

2.7 Marine Pollutants

(1) A substance that is not a mixture or solution is a marine pollutant if

• (a) there is the letter "P" (marine pollutant) or there are the letters "PP" (severe marine pollutant) in column 10 of Schedule 1 opposite the shipping name of the substance;

• (b) the substance is listed by name in column 1 of Appendix 1, Marine Pollutants, to this Part; or

• (c) the substance meets the criteria for a marine pollutant in accordance with the IMDG Code.

(2) A mixture or solution is a marine pollutant if it contains

• (a) 1 per cent or more of a severe marine pollutant; or

• (b) 10 per cent or more of a marine pollutant as determined under paragraph (a) or under subsection (1).

(3) When a shipping name has opposite it in column 10 of Schedule 1 the symbol ".", the consignor must determine, in accordance with subsections (1) and (2), if the substance to be transported under the shipping name is a marine pollutant or a severe marine pollutant.

A shipping name may cover several distinct substances, one of which may be a marine pollutant while others are not. In this case, the shipping name has opposite it the symbol ".". Depending upon the actual substance, the requirements related to a marine pollutant may apply.

Marine pollutants and severe marine pollutants are required to be identified on a shipping document in Part 3, Documentation, and on a means of containment in Part 4, Dangerous Goods Safety Marks.

2.8 Precedence of Classes

(1) When dangerous goods meet the criteria for inclusion in more than one class but meet the criteria for inclusion in only one of the following classes, that one class is the primary class. The classes are

• (a) Class 1, Explosives, except for the following dangerous goods for which Class 1 is a subsidiary class:

• (i) UN3101, ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE B, LIQUID,

• (ii) UN3102, ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE B, SOLID,

• (iii) UN3111, ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE B, LIQUID, TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED,

• (iv) UN3112, ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE B, SOLID, TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED,

• (v) UN3221, SELF-REACTIVE LIQUID TYPE B,

• (vi) UN3222, SELF-REACTIVE SOLID TYPE B,

• (vii) UN3231, SELF-REACTIVE LIQUID TYPE B, TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED, and

• (viii) UN3232, SELF-REACTIVE SOLID TYPE B, TEMPERATURE CONTROLLED;

• (b) Class 2, Gases, and within this class, Class 2.3, Toxic Gases, takes precedence over Class 2.1, Flammable Gases, and Class 2.1, Flammable Gases, takes precedence over Class 2.2, Non-flammable and Non-toxic Gases;

• (c) Class 4.1, Flammable Solids, desensitized explosives included in Packing Group I or self-reactive substances;

• (d) Class 4.2, Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion, pyrophoric solids or liquids included in Packing Group I;

• (e) Class 5.2, Organic Peroxides;

• (f) Class 6.1, Toxic Substances, that are included in Packing Group I, due to inhalation toxicity;

• (g) Class 6.2, Infectious Substances; and

• (h) Class 7, Radioactive Materials.

• If a substance meets the criteria for inclusion in more than one of the classes identified in subsection (1), the person doing the classification may seek assistance by contacting Transport Canada, Transport Dangerous Goods Directorate, through CANUTEC at 613-992-4624.

(2) Despite paragraph (1)(f), Class 8 is the primary class when a substance meets the criteria for inclusion in

• (a) Class 8, Corrosives;

• (b) Packing Group I due to inhalation toxicity of dusts or mists; and

• (c) Packing Group III due to oral or dermal toxicity.

(3) A consignor must determine the order of precedence among classes that are not listed in subsection (1) in accordance with the following table, except that Class 6.1 takes precedence if a substance is a pesticide under the "Pesticide Act" and is included in Class 6.1, Packing Group III, and in Class 3, Packing Group III.

Example of How to Use the Precedence of Classes Table

Suppose that, after testing, it is found that a substance meets the criteria for inclusion in Class 3, Packing Group I, in Class 8 (L for liquid), Packing Group II, and in Class 6.1, Packing Group II, dermal toxicity. The potential packing group is Packing Group I because it has the lowest roman numeral (see paragraph 2.5(b)).

To determine the primary class, compare the classes two at a time. As the first combination, consider Class 3, Packing Group I, and Class 8, Packing Group II (L for liquid). Go to the table and find Class 3, Packing Group I, in the extreme left column. Follow that line across to the column on the right that refers to Class 8, Packing Group II (L for liquid). The class that takes precedence is the one at the point where the lines intersect in the column. In this combination Class 3 takes precedence over Class 8. Class 8 is set aside.

Do the same thing with the combination of Class 3, Packing Group I, and Class 6.1, Packing Group II (D for dermal). In this combination Class 3 takes precedence. Class 6.1 is set aside, leaving Class 3 as the primary class.

As there is no precedence between or among subsidiary classes, each of Class 6.1 and Class 8 is a potential subsidiary class.

Conclusion: In this example, the primary class is Class 3, each of Class 6.1 and Class 8 is a potential subsidiary class and the potential packing group is Packing Group I. The word "potential" is used here because the final subsidiary class or classes and the final packing group are determined in accordance with paragraph 2.5(d).

Table

Precedence of Classes

Class and Packing Group

Spaces in the table denote impossible combinations.

Code: D = dermal State: L = liquid

O = oral S = solid

i = by inhalation

X = any route of exposure - D, O or i

Class 1, Explosives

2.9 General

Substances are included in Class 1, Explosives, if they are

• (a) capable, by chemical reaction, of producing gas at a temperature, pressure and speed that would damage the surroundings; or

• (b) designed to produce an explosive or pyrotechnic effect by heat, light, sound, gas or smoke or a combination of those means as a result of non-detonative, self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions.

2.10 Divisions

Class 1, Explosives, has six divisions:

• (a) Class 1.1, mass explosion hazard;

• (b) Class 1.2, projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard;

• (c) Class 1.3, fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both but not a mass explosion hazard;

• (d) Class 1.4, no significant hazard beyond the package in the event of ignition or initiation during transport;

• (e) Class 1.5, very insensitive substances with a mass explosion hazard; and

• (f) Class 1.6, extremely insensitive articles with no mass explosion hazard.

2.11 Compatibility Groups

Explosives are divided into 13 compatibility groups as described in Appendix 2, Description of Compatibility Groups, Class 1, Explosives, to this Part.

Compatibility groups are used to determine which explosives may be transported together. See section 5.7 of Part 5, Means of Containment.

2.12 Packing Groups

Explosives are included in Packing Group II.

Class 2, Gases

2.13 General

A substance is included in Class 2, Gases, if it is

• (a) a gas;

• (b) a mixture of gases;

• (c) a mixture of one or more gases with one or more vapours of substances included in other classes;

• (d) an article charged with a gas;

• (e) tellurium hexafluoride; or

• (f) an aerosol.

2.14 Divisions

Class 2, Gases, has three divisions:

• (a) Class 2.1, Flammable Gases, which consists of gases that, at 20°C and an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa,

• (i) are ignitable when in a mixture of 13 per cent or less by volume with air, or

• (ii) have a flammability range with air of at least 12 percentage points determined in accordance with tests or calculations in ISO 10156;

• (b) Class 2.2, Non-flammable and Non-toxic Gases, which consists of gases that are transported at an absolute pressure greater than or equal to 280 kPa at 20°C, or as refrigerated liquids, and that are not included in Class 2.1, Flammable Gases, or Class 2.3, Toxic Gases; and

• (c) Class 2.3, Toxic Gases, which consists of gases that

• (i) are known to be toxic or corrosive to humans according to CGA P-20, ISO Standard 10298 or other documentary evidence published in technical journals or government publications, or

• (ii) have an LC₅₀ value less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³.

2.15 Packing Groups

There are no packing groups for Class 2, Gases.

2.16 Determination of LC₅₀

LC₅₀ values for a single or pure gas or for a mixture of gases must be determined

• (a) by using LC₅₀ values published in CGA P-20, ISO Standard 10298, technical journals or government publications;

• (b) in accordance with paragraphs 2.2.3(b) and (c) of Chapter 2.2 of the UN Recommendations; or

• (c) for a mixture of gases, in accordance with section 2.17.

2.17 Determination of LC₅₀ of a Mixture of Gases

This section provides a method for making an acceptable approximation of the LC₅₀ of a mixture of gases. The methods in paragraphs 2.16(a) and (b) are more exact.

To determine the LC₅₀ of a mixture of gases when the LC₅₀ of each of the gases is known, use 5 000 mL/m³ as the toxic limit and,

• (a) if the mixture contains only one gas with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit (called "Gas A"), use the following calculation:

.

or

• (b) if the mixture contains more than one gas with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit (called "Gas A", "Gas B", etc.),

• (ii) combine the contributing numbers (CN) of each gas with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit using the formula

• (iii) obtain the LC₅₀ of the mixture by dividing 1 by the number T (LC₅₀ of the mixture = 1 / T).

determine the contributing number (CN) of each of the gases with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit using the formula

.

.

and

Class 3, Flammable Liquids

2.18 General

(1) Substances that are liquids or liquids containing solids in solution or suspension are included in Class 3, Flammable Liquids, if they

• (a) have a flash point less than or equal to 60.5°C using the closed-cup test method referred to in Chapter 2.3 of the UN Recommendations; or

• A flash point of 65.6 °C, using the open-cup test method referred to in Chapter 2.3 of the UN Recommendations, is equivalent to 60.5 °C using the closed-cup test.

• (b) are intended or expected to be at a temperature that is greater than or equal to their flash point at any time while the substances are in transport.

• The UN number and shipping name for the dangerous goods referred to in paragraph (b) are UN3256, ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.

(2) Despite paragraph (1)(a), liquids that have a flash point greater than 35°C are not included in Class 3, Flammable Liquids, if they

• (a) do not sustain combustion, as determined in accordance with the sustained combustibility test referred to in section 2.3.1.3 of Chapter 2.3 of the UN Recommendations;

• (b) have a fire point greater than 100°C, as determined in accordance with ISO 2592; or

• (c) are water-miscible solutions with a water content greater than 90 per cent by mass.

2.19 Packing Groups

(1) Flammable liquids included in Class 3, Flammable Liquids, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if they have an initial boiling point of 35°C or less at an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa and any flash point;

• (b) Packing Group II, if they have an initial boiling point greater than 35°C at an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa and a flash point less than 23°C; or

• (c) Packing Group III, if the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.

(2) Despite subsection (1), for dangerous goods included in Class 3, Flammable Liquids,

• (a) when the packing group is unknown, the consignor may include the dangerous goods in Packing Group I; or

• (b) when the packing group is reasonably believed or is known to be Packing Group II or III, the consignor may include the dangerous goods in Packing Group II but, if the substance has the same characteristics as UN1203, GASOLINE, it may also be transported as Packing Group II.

(3) Despite paragraph (1)(b), a viscous substance that has an initial boiling point greater than 35°C at an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa and a flash point less than 23°C may be included in Packing Group III if

• (a) the substance or any separated solvent does not meet the criteria for inclusion in Class 6.1 or Class 8;

• (b) the substance meets the Packing Group III criteria of the solvent separation test in section 32.5.1 of Part III of the Manual of Tests and Criteria; and

• (c) the substance

• (i) has been tested in accordance with either ASTM D 1200 or ISO 2431, and

• (ii) has a kinematic viscosity, measured as flow time, that is within the range shown in column 3 of the following table, using a jet with the diameter shown in column 2 for the corresponding flash point in column 1.

Table

Class 4, Flammable Solids; Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion; Substances That on Contact with Water Emit Flammable Gases (Water-reactive Substances)

2.20 General

Substances are included in Class 4 if they are flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion or substances that on contact with water emit flammable gases (water-reactive substances) and meet the criteria for inclusion in one of the divisions and packing groups of Class 4.

2.21 Divisions

Class 4 has three divisions:

• (a) Class 4.1, Flammable Solids, which consists of substances that are

• (i) readily combustible, as determined in accordance with section 2.4.2.2 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations,

• (ii) under normal conditions of transport, liable to cause fire through friction,

• (iii) solid desensitized explosives, which are solid explosives desensitized through wetting with water or alcohols or diluted with other substances to form a homogeneous solid mixture to suppress their explosive properties so that they are not included in Class 1, Explosives,

• Substances that have one of the following UN numbers meet the criterion in subparagraph (iii): UN1310, UN1320, UN1321, UN1322, UN1336, UN1337, UN1344, UN1347, UN1348, UN1349, UN1354, UN1355, UN1356, UN1357, UN1517, UN1571, UN2555, UN2556, UN2557, UN2852, UN2907, UN3270, UN3319, UN3344.

• (iv) self-reactive substances that are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic decomposition even without the participation of oxygen (air), as determined in accordance with section 2.4.2.3 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations, but Class 4.1 does not include substances that have

• (A) a primary class of Class 1, Explosives, Class 5.1, Oxidizing Substances, or Class 5.2, Organic Peroxides,

• (B) a heat of decomposition less than 300 J/g, or

• (C) a self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) that is greater than 75°C for a 50 kg means of containment, as determined in accordance with section 2.4.2.3.4 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations,

• (v) identified by one of the following UN numbers: UN2956, UN3241, UN3242 or UN3251, or

• (vi) are in the list of currently assigned self-reactive substances in section 2.4.2.3.2.3 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations;

• (b) Class 4.2, Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion, which consists of

• (i) pyrophoric substances that spontaneously ignite within 5 minutes after coming into contact with air, as determined in accordance with section 2.4.3.2 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations, and

• (ii) self-heating substances that, when in large amounts (kilograms), spontaneously ignite on contact with air after long periods (hours or days), as determined in accordance with section 2.4.3.2 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations; and

• (c) Class 4.3, Water-reactive Substances, which consists of substances that, in tests performed in accordance with section 2.4.4.2 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations, emit a flammable gas at a rate greater than 1 L/kg of substance per hour or spontaneously ignite at any step in the test procedure.

2.22 Packing Groups

(1) Substances included in Class 4.1, Flammable Solids, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if the substances meet the criterion in subparagraph 2.21(a)(iii), except that substances that have one of the following UN numbers are included in Packing Group II: UN2555, UN2556, UN2557, UN2907, UN3270, UN3319 or UN3344;

• (b) Packing Group II, if

• (i) the substances meet the criteria for inclusion in Class 4.1 in subparagraph 2.21(a)(iv) or (v), except that substances that have one of the following UN numbers are included in Packing Group III: UN2956, UN3241 or UN3251,

• (ii) in tests referred to in section 33.2.1 of Part III of the Manual of Tests and Criteria for readily combustible solids, excluding metal powders, the burning time of the substances is less than 45 seconds and the flame passes the wetted zone, or

• (iii) in tests referred to in section 33.2.1 of Part III of the Manual of Tests and Criteria, for readily combustible solids that are powders of metals or metal alloys, the zone of reaction of the substances spreads over the whole length of the sample in 5 minutes or less; or

• (c) Packing Group III, if

• (i) in tests referred to in section 33.2.1 of Part III of the Manual of Tests and Criteria, for readily combustible solids, excluding metal powders, the burning time of the substances is less than 45 seconds and the wetted zone stops the flame propagation for at least 4 minutes,

• (ii) in tests referred to in section 33.2.1 of Part III of the Manual of Tests and Criteria, for readily combustible solids that are powders of metals or metal alloys, the zone of reaction of the substances spreads over the whole length of the sample in more than 5 minutes but not more than 10 minutes, or

• (iii) the substances are solids that are liable to cause fire through friction.

(2) Substances included in Class 4.2, Substances Liable to Spontaneous Combustion, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if the substances are pyrophoric solids or liquids;

• (b) Packing Group II, if the substances are self-heating substances that give a positive result, as determined in accordance with section 2.4.3.2 of Chapter 2.4 of the UN Recommendations using a 25 mm sample cube at 140°C; or

• (c) Packing Group III for all other substances.

(3) Substances included in Class 4.3, Water-reactive Substances, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if the substances

• (i) react vigorously with water at ambient temperatures and demonstrate a tendency for the gas produced to ignite spontaneously, or

• (ii) react readily with water at ambient temperatures so that the rate of evolution of flammable gas is greater than or equal to 10 L/kg of substance over any one minute;

• (b) Packing Group II, if

• (i) the substances react readily with water at ambient temperatures so that the rate of evolution of flammable gas is greater than or equal to 20 L/kg of substance per hour, and

• (ii) the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I are not met; or

• (c) Packing Group III, if

• (i) the substances react slowly with water at ambient temperatures so that the rate of evolution of flammable gas is greater than or equal to 1 L/kg of substance per hour, and

• (ii) the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.

Class 5, Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides

2.23 General

Substances are included in Class 5 if they are oxidizing substances or organic peroxides and meet the criteria for inclusion in one of the divisions of Class 5.

2.24 Divisions

Class 5 has two divisions:

• (a) Class 5.1, Oxidizing Substances, which consists of substances that yield oxygen thereby causing or contributing to the combustion of other material, as determined in accordance with section 2.5.2 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommendations; and

• (b) Class 5.2, Organic Peroxides, which consists of substances that

• (i) are thermally unstable organic compounds that contain oxygen in the bivalent "-O-O-" structure, as determined in accordance with section 2.5.3 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommendations,

• (ii) are liable to undergo exothermic self-accelerating decomposition,

• (iii) have one or more of the following characteristics:

• (A) they are liable to explosive decomposition,

• (B) they burn rapidly,

• (C) they are sensitive to impact or friction,

• (D) they react dangerously with other substances, or

• (E) they cause damage to the eyes, or

• (iv) are in the list of currently assigned organic peroxides in section 2.5.3.2.4 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommentations.

2.25 Packing Groups

(1) The determination of packing groups for Class 5.1, Oxidizing Substances, must be made

• (a) for solids, using a test sample of a 4:1 or 1:1 mixture of substance and cellulose by mass, prepared and tested in accordance with section 2.5.2.2 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommendations; or

• (b) for liquids, using a test sample of a 1:1 mixture of substance and cellulose by mass, prepared and tested in accordance with section 2.5.2.3 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommendations.

(2) Substances included in Class 5.1, Oxidizing Substances, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) for solids,

• (i) Packing Group I, if the test sample exhibits an average burning time less than the mean burning time of a 3:2 mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if the test sample exhibits an average burning time less than or equal to the mean burning time of a 2:3 mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I are not met, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if the test sample exhibits an average burning time less than or equal to the mean burning time of a 3:7 mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met; or

• (b) for liquids,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if the mean pressure rise time is less than or equal to the mean pressure rise time of a 1:1 mixture by mass of 40 per cent aqueous sodium chlorate solution and cellulose and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I are not met, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if the mean pressure rise time is less than or equal to the mean pressure rise time of a 1:1 mixture by mass of 65 per cent aqueous nitric acid solution and cellulose and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.

Packing Group I, if the substance in a 1:1 mixture by mass of substance and cellulose spontaneously ignites or the mean pressure rise time is less than or equal to that of a 1:1 mixture by mass of 50 percent perchloric acid and cellulose,

(3) Class 5.2, Organic Peroxides, are included in Packing Group II.

(4) The type, B to F, of organic peroxides must be determined in accordance with section 2.5.3.3 of Chapter 2.5 of the UN Recommendations.

Class 6, Toxic and Infectious Substances

2.26 General

Substances are included in Class 6 if they are

• (a) liable to cause death or serious injury or to harm human health if swallowed or inhaled or if they come into contact with human skin; or

• (b) infectious substances.

2.27 Divisions

Class 6 has two divisions:

• (a) Class 6.1, Toxic Substances, which consists of substances that are liable to cause death or serious injury or to harm human health if swallowed or inhaled or if they come into contact with human skin; and

• (b) Class 6.2, Infectious Substances, which consists of infectious substances.

2.28 Criteria for Inclusion in Class 6.1, Toxic Substances

Substances included in Class 6.1, Toxic Substances, are grouped by oral toxicity, dermal toxicity and inhalation toxicity by dust, mist or vapour. Toxicity by inhalation of a gas is covered in Class 2.3, Toxic Gases.

A substance is included in Class 6.1

• (a) due to oral toxicity if

• (i) it is a solid and its LD₅₀ (oral) is less than or equal to 200 mg/kg, or

• (ii) it is a liquid and its LD₅₀ (oral) is less than or equal to 500 mg/kg;

• (b) due to dermal toxicity if its LD₅₀ (dermal) is less than or equal to 1 000 mg/kg; or

• (c) due to inhalation toxicity

• (i) by dust or mist if dust or mist is likely to be produced in a transport accident and its LC₅₀ (inhalation) is less than or equal to 10 mg/L, or

• (ii) by vapour if its LC₅₀ (inhalation) is less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³.

2.29 Packing Groups

(1) When a substance is known to be included in Class 6.1 and that knowledge is based on documentary evidence published in technical journals or government publications and testing is not done to determine the packing group, the substance must be included in Packing Group I.

(2) Substances that are included in Class 6.1 due to

• (a) oral toxicity are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (i) Packing Group I, if the LD₅₀ (oral) is less than or equal to 5 mg/kg,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if the LD₅₀ (oral) is greater than 5 mg/kg but less than or equal to 50 mg/kg, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if the LD₅₀ (oral) is greater than 50 mg/kg;

• (b) dermal toxicity are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (i) Packing Group I, if the LD₅₀ (dermal) is less than or equal to 40 mg/kg,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if the LD₅₀ (dermal) is greater than 40 mg/kg but less than or equal to 200 mg/kg, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if the LD₅₀ (dermal) is greater than 200 mg/kg;

• (c) inhalation toxicity by dust or mist are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (i) Packing Group I, if the LC₅₀ (inhalation) is less than or equal to 0.5 mg/L,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if the LC₅₀ (inhalation) is greater than 0.5 mg/L but less than or equal to 2 mg/L, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if the LC₅₀ (inhalation) is greater than 2 mg/L; or

• (d) inhalation toxicity by vapour are included in one of the following packing groups, where "V" is the saturated vapour concentration in millilitres per cubic metre of air at 20°C and at 101.3 kPa:

• (i) Packing Group I, if

• (A) V is greater than or equal to 10 multiplied by the LC₅₀, and

• (B) the LC₅₀ is less than or equal to 1 000 mL/m³,

• (ii) Packing Group II, if

• (A) V is greater than or equal to the LC₅₀,

• (B) the LC₅₀ is less than or equal to 3 000 mL/m³, and

• (C) the criteria for Packing Group I are not met, or

• (iii) Packing Group III, if

• (A) V is greater than or equal to 0.2 multiplied by the LC₅₀,

• (B) the LC₅₀ is less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³, and

• (C) the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.

2.30 Determination of LD₅₀ (oral or dermal)

LD₅₀ (oral or dermal) values for solid or liquid substances or for a mixture of solid or liquid substances must be determined

• (a) by using the LD₅₀ values published in technical journals or in government publications;

• (b) in accordance with section 2.6.2.3 of Chapter 2.6 of the UN Recommendations; or

• (c) for a mixture of solid or liquid substances, in accordance with section 2.31.

2.31 Determination of LD₅₀ (oral or dermal) of a Mixture of Substances

This section provides a method for making an acceptable approximation of the LD₅₀ of a mixture of solid or liquid substances. The methods in paragraphs 2.30(a) and (b) are more exact.

To determine the LD₅₀ of a mixture of solid or liquid substances when the LD₅₀ of each of the substances is known, use 1 000 mg/kg as the toxic limit and

• (a) if the mixture contains only one substance with an LD₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit (called "Substance A"), use the following calculation:

.

or

• (b) if the mixture contains more than one substance with an LD₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit (called "Substance A", "Substance B", etc.),

• (i) determine the lowest LD₅₀ of all substances, assign that LD₅₀ to all substances whose actual LD₅₀ is less than or equal to the toxic limit, then use the calculation in paragraph (a) using that assigned LD₅₀ and taking as the mass of Substance A in the formula the total of the masses of all substances whose actual LD₅₀ is less than or equal to the toxic limit, or

• (A) determine the contributing number (CN) of each of the substances with an LD₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit using the formula

• (C) obtain the LD₅₀ of the mixture by dividing 1 by the number T (LD₅₀ of the mixture = 1 / T).

use the following calculations:

.

(B) combine the contributing numbers (CN) of each substance with an LD₅₀ less than or equal to the toxic limit as

.

and

2.32 Determination of LC₅₀ (dust, mist or vapour)

LC₅₀ values for a substance in the form of a dust, mist or vapour or for a mixture of substances in the form of a dust, mist or vapour must be determined

• (a) by using the LC₅₀ values published in technical journals or in government publications;

• (b) in accordance with sections 2.6.2.2.4.2 to 2.6.2.2.4.7 of Chapter 2.6 of the UN Recommendations; or

• (c) for a mixture of substances, in accordance with section 2.33.

2.33 Determination of LC₅₀ (dust, mist or vapour) of a Mixture of Substances

This section provides a method for making an acceptable approximation of the LC₅₀ of a mixture of substances. The methods in paragraphs 2.32(a) and (b) are more exact. SOR/2002-306

To determine the LC₅₀ of a mixture of substances that are in the form of a dust, mist or vapour, when the LC₅₀ of each of the substances is known, make the determination in accordance with section 2.17, except that for a dust use 10 mg/L as the toxic limit and for a mist use 2 mg/L as the toxic limit. For a substance in the form of vapour the toxic limit is the same as for a gas, which is 5 000 mL/m³.

2.34 Determination of the Packing Group of a Mixture of Liquids with an Inhalation Toxicity by Vapour

(1) The first step in determining the packing group of a mixture of liquids with an inhalation toxicity by vapour when one or more of the substances has an LC₅₀ (vapour) less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³, and the LC₅₀ of each substance is known, is to determine the following data:

• (a) determine the LC₅₀ (vapour) for the mixture in accordance with section 2.33;

• (b) where P_i is the vapour pressure of the i^th substance in kPa at 20°C and an absolute pressure of 101.3 kPa, determine the volatility, V_i, of each substance in the mixture as

V_i = P_i multiplied by 10⁶ then divided by 101.3;

• (c) determine the ratio of the volatility of a substance to its LC₅₀ for each substance with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³ as

R_i = V_i divided by the LC₅₀ of the i^th substance;

and

• (d) set R equal to the sum of the R_i for each of the substances with an LC₅₀ less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³ as

R = R₁ + R₂ + . + (as needed).

(2) Using the data determined in accordance with subsection (1), the mixture is included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if

• (i) R is greater than or equal to 10, and

• (ii) the LC₅₀ (mixture) is less than or equal to 1 000 mL/m³;

• (b) Packing Group II, if

• (i) R is greater than or equal to 1,

• (ii) the LC₅₀ (mixture) is less than or equal to 3 000 mL/m³, and

• (iii) the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I are not met; or

• (c) Packing Group III, if

• (i) R is greater than or equal to 0.2,

• (ii) the LC₅₀ (mixture) is less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³, and

• (iii) the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met.

2.35 Determination of the Packing Group of a Mixture of Liquids with an Inhalation Toxicity and an Unknown LC₅₀

This section provides a method of directly determining the packing group of a mixture of liquids that has an inhalation toxicity without requiring that the exact LC₅₀ be found.

(1) A mixture of liquids with an inhalation toxicity and an unknown LC₅₀ is included in Packing Group I if it meets the following criteria:

• (a) when a sample of the mixture is vapourized and diluted with air to create a test atmosphere of 1 000 mL/m³ and 10 young adult albino rats (5 male and 5 female) are exposed to the test atmosphere for 1 hour and observed for 14 days, the result is the death of 5 or more of the animals within the 14-day observation period; and

• (b) when a sample of the vapour in equilibrium with the mixture at 20°C is diluted with 9 equal volumes of air to form a test atmosphere and 10 young adult albino rats (5 male and 5 female) are exposed to the test atmosphere for 1 hour and observed for 14 days, the result is the death of 5 or more of the animals within the 14-day observation period.

• In this case the mixture is presumed to have an LC₅₀ less than or equal to 1 000 mL/m³ and a volatility greater than or equal to 10 times the mixture's LC₅₀.

(2) A mixture of liquids with an inhalation toxicity and an unknown LC₅₀ is included in Packing Group II if it meets the following criteria and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I are not met:

• (a) when a sample of the mixture is vapourized and diluted with air to create a test atmosphere of 3 000 mL/m³ and 10 young adult albino rats (5 male and 5 female) are exposed to the test atmosphere for 1 hour and observed for 14 days, the result is the death of 5 or more of the animals within the 14-day observation period; and

• (b) when a sample of the vapour in equilibrium with the mixture at 20°C is used to form a test atmosphere and 10 young adult albino rats (5 male and 5 female) are exposed to the test atmosphere for 1 hour and observed for 14 days, the result is the death of 5 or more of the animals within the 14-day observation period.

• In this case the mixture is presumed to have an LC₅₀ less than or equal to 3 000 mL/m³ and a volatility greater than or equal to the mixture's LC₅₀.

(3) A mixture of liquids with an inhalation toxicity and an unknown LC₅₀ is included in Packing Group III if it meets the following criteria and the criteria for inclusion in Packing Group I or II are not met:

• (a) when a sample of the mixture is vapourized and diluted with air to create a test atmosphere of 5 000 mL/m³ and 10 young adult albino rats (5 male and 5 female) are exposed to the test atmosphere for 1 hour and observed for 14 days, the result is the death of 5 or more of the animals within the 14-day observation period; and

• (b) when the vapour pressure of the mixture is measured, the vapour concentration is greater than or equal to 1 000 mL/m³.

• In this case the mixture is presumed to have an LC₅₀ less than or equal to 5 000 mL/m³ and a volatility greater than or equal to 0.2 times the mixture's LC₅₀.

(4) If only LC₅₀ data relating to 4-hour exposures to dust or mist are available, those figures can be multiplied by 4 and the result taken as the LC₅₀ data for 1 hour, that is LC₅₀ 4 hours (dust or mist) multiplied by 4 is equivalent to LC₅₀ 1 hour.

(5) If only LC₅₀ data relating to 4-hour exposures to vapour are available, those figures can be multiplied by 2 and the result taken as the LC₅₀ data for 1 hour, that is LC₅₀ 4 hours (vapour) multiplied by 2 is equivalent to LC₅₀ 1 hour.

2.36 Risk Groups

Infectious substances are divided into Risk Groups. Risk Group I includes micro-organisms that are unlikely to cause human or animal disease. Risk Group I is not regulated by these Regulations.

Assistance for classifying infectious substances may be obtained from the Director, Office of Biosafety, Health Canada, or from the Director, Biohazard Containment and Safety, Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

Micro-organisms that affect humans or animals are included in Class 6.2, Infectious Substances, and the following risk groups:

• (a) Risk Group 4, if they are included in the list of Risk Group 4 substances in Appendix 3, Guide to Risk Group Assignments, to this Part or if they exhibit characteristics similar to those substances, including the following:

• (i) the disease they cause has serious effects that may be irreversible or lethal in humans who or animals that have contracted the disease,

• (ii) the micro-organisms are readily transmitted directly or indirectly or by casual contact, and

• (iii) effective treatment and preventive measures are not generally available;

• (b) Risk Group 3, if they are included in the list of Risk Group 3 substances in Appendix 3, Guide to Risk Group Assignments, to this Part or if they exhibit characteristics similar to those substances, including the following:

• (i) the disease they cause seriously affects the health of humans who or animals that have contracted the disease,

• (ii) the micro-organisms are not readily transmitted by casual contact, and

• (iii) the disease they cause can be treated by antimicrobial or antiparasitic agents; and

• (c) Risk Group 2, if they are included in the list of Risk Group 2 substances in Appendix 3, Guide to Risk Group Assignments, to this Part or if they exhibit characteristics similar to those substances, including the following:

• (i) the disease they cause does not seriously affect the health of humans who or animals that have contracted the disease,

• (ii) the micro-organisms are rarely transmitted by direct contact, and

• (iii) there exists readily available treatment for humans who or animals that have contracted the disease they cause.

Class 7, Radioactive Materials

2.37 General

Substances with a specific activity greater than 70 kBq/kg are included in Class 7, Radioactive Materials.

In these Regulations the words "Class 7, Radioactive Materials" are used rather than the words that are used in the schedule to the Act, "Class 7, Nuclear Substances, within the meaning of the Nuclear Safety and Control Act, that are radioactive" so that the Regulations are more easily read in conjunction with international documents incorporated by reference in them.

2.38 Divisions

There are no divisions for Class 7.

2.39 Packing Groups

There are no packing groups for Class 7.

Class 8, Corrosives

2.40 General

Substances are included in Class 8, Corrosives, if they

• (a) are known to cause full thickness destruction of human skin, that is, skin lesions that are permanent and destroy all layers of the outer skin through to the internal tissues;

• (b) cause full thickness skin destruction, as determined in accordance with the OECD Guidelines; or

• (c) do not cause full thickness destruction of skin, but exhibit a corrosion rate that exceeds 6.25 mm per year at a test temperature of 55°C, as determined in accordance with the ASTM Corrosion Test.

2.41 Divisions

There are no divisions for Class 8.

2.42 Packing Groups

(1) If a substance is known to be included in Class 8, Corrosives, and that knowledge is based on documentary evidence published in technical journals or government publications and testing is not done to determine the packing group, the substance must be included in Packing Group I.

(2) Class 8, Corrosives, are included in one of the following packing groups:

• (a) Packing Group I, if

• (i) they are known to cause full thickness destruction of human skin, that is, skin lesions that are permanent and that destroy all layers of the outer skin through to the internal tissues, or

• (ii) full thickness destruction of intact skin tissue occurs within an observation period of 60 minutes after an exposure time of 3 minutes or less, as determined in accordance with the OECD Guidelines;

• (b) Packing Group II, if full thickness destruction of skin occurs within an observation period of 14 days after an exposure time of more than 3 minutes but not more than 60 minutes, as determined in accordance with the OECD Guidelines; or

• (c) Packing Group III, if

• (i) full thickness destruction of intact skin tissue occurs within an observation period of 14 days after an exposure time of more than 60 minutes but not more than 4 hours, as determined in accordance with the OECD Guidelines, or

• (ii) they exhibit a corrosion rate that exceeds 6.25 mm per year at a test temperature of 55°C on steel surfaces, type P235 referred to in ISO 9328-2 or a similar type or on aluminum surfaces, non-clad types 7075-T6 or AZ5GU-T6, as determined in accordance with the ASTM Corrosion Test.

(3) An in vitro test may be used instead of the test in the OECD Guidelines.

Class 9, Miscellaneous Products, Substances or Organisms

2.43 General

A substance is included in Class 9, Miscellaneous Products, Substances or Organisms, if it

• (a) is included in Class 9 in column 3 of Schedule 1; or

• (b) does not meet the criteria for inclusion in any of Classes 1 to 8 and

• (i) contains a genetically modified micro-organism that would endanger public safety if accidentally released during transport,

• (ii) is listed in Appendix 1, Marine Pollutants, to this Part, if intended for marine transport,

• For a liquid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3082, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S., and for a solid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3077, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, N.O.S.

• (iii) except for asphalt or tar, is offered for transport or transported at a temperature greater than or equal to 100°C if it is in a liquid state or at a temperature greater than or equal to 240°C if it is in a solid state,

• For a liquid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3257, ELEVATED TEMPERATURE LIQUID, N.O.S., and for a solid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3258, ELEVATED TEMPERATURE SOLID, N.O.S.

• (iv) is intended for disposal, is in a form that can release toxic substances through leaching and contains a substance listed in Appendix 4, Leachate Extraction: Substances and Concentrations, to this Part that has a leachate extraction concentration that exceeds the leachate extraction concentration listed for that substance in that Appendix, as determined in accordance with EPA Method 1311, or

• For a liquid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3082, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S., and for a solid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3077, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, N.O.S.

• (v) is intended for disposal and is a mixture that includes an environmentally hazardous substance listed in Appendix 5, Environmentally Hazardous Substances Intended for Disposal, to this Part at or above the concentration shown for that environmentally hazardous substance in that Appendix.

• For a liquid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3082, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S., and for a solid, the UN number and shipping name are UN3077, ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, SOLID, N.O.S.

2.44 Divisions

There are no divisions for Class 9.

2.45 Packing Groups

Substances included in Class 9, Miscellaneous Products, Substances and Organisms, are included in Packing Group III unless they are included in a different packing group shown for them in column 4 of Schedule 1.

APPENDIX 1

MARINE POLLUTANTS

1. A substance for which the letter "P" is shown in column 2 is a marine pollutant.

2. A substance for which the letters "PP" are shown in column 2 is a severe marine pollutant.

The item column gives sequential item numbers for the entries in this Appendix. Beside the item number is the corresponding item number, in parentheses, in the French-language appendix.

APPENDIX 2

DESCRIPTION OF COMPATIBILITY GROUPS CLASS 1, EXPLOSIVES

The item column gives sequential item numbers for the entries in this Appendix. Beside the item number is the corresponding item number, in parentheses, in the French-language appendix.

APPENDIX 3

GUIDE TO RISK GROUP ASSIGNMENTS

1. If the symbol "@" appears beside an infectious substance listed in one of the following risk groups, that infectious substance affects animals only. The UN number and shipping name are UN2900, INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING ANIMALS.

2. If there is no symbol "@", the UN number and shipping name are UN2814, INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCE, AFFECTING HUMANS.

The item column gives sequential item numbers for the entries in this Appendix. Beside the item number is the corresponding item number, in parentheses, in the French-language appendix.

RISK GROUP 4 - Virus

RISK GROUP 3 - Virus

RISK GROUP 3 - Bacteria

RISK GROUP 3 - Fungi

RISK GROUP 2 - Virus

RISK GROUP 2 - Bacteria

RISK GROUP 2 - Fungi

APPENDIX 4

LEACHATE EXTRACTION: SUBSTANCES AND CONCENTRATIONS

The item column gives sequential item numbers for the entries in this Appendix. Beside the item number is the corresponding item number, in parentheses, in the French-language appendix.

APPENDIX 5

ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES INTENDED FOR DISPOSAL

The item column gives sequential item numbers for the entries in this Appendix. Beside the item number is the corresponding item number, in parentheses, in the French-language appendix.

PART 2

CLASSIFICATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Definitions