Canadian Food Inspection Agency Canada
Français Contact Us Help Search Canada Site
Home What's New Acts and Regulations Site Map
Food Safety Animal Health Plant Protection Corporate Affairs

bullet Plant Products
bullet Acts and Regulations
- Plant Protection Fees
bullet Plant Protection Policy Directives
bullet Plant Health
- Export/Import
- Forestry
- Grains
- Horticulture
- National Strategies & Initiatives
- Potato
bullet Science Branch
- Laboratories
- Plant Health Risk Assessment
- Plant Pest Surveillance
bullet Contacts
- Area and Regional Offices

Plants > Plant Protection Policy Directives > Horticulture 

PLANT HEALTH AND PRODUCTION DIVISION,
PLANT PRODUCTS DIRECTORATE, CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY
59 Camelot Drive
Nepean, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0Y9
(TEL: 613-225-2342; FAX: 613-228-6602)

D-96-15

PDF Version

(EFFECTIVE DATE)
October 27, 1999
(4th Revision)
Title: To Prevent the Spread of Japanese Beetle, Popillia japonica

File
3515-12-lJ1

I. SUBJECT

This directive contains the plant protection (phytosanitary) requirements for movement within Canada, export from Canada and import into Canada from the continental United States (U.S.) of plants in association with soil to prevent the spread of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica. Soil in association with plants from areas other than the continental U.S. is prohibited entry into Canada.

The movement of soil alone (not attached to plants) is addressed in a separate directive (D-95-26).

The following documents have been superseded: D-92-01, dated 03/02/92; D-85-24, dated 08/08/85; Circ. 4, dated 13/06/61; Circ. 21C, dated 20/02/74, Note to file, dated 29/05/92 and D-96-15, dated June 9, 1998. It also supersedes any reference to Japanese Beetle in the following documents: T-93-02, dated 02/04/93; D-95-26, dated January 11, 1996.

II. BACKGROUND

This directive has been revised to reflect changes made to Japanese beetle infested areas in Canada.

Japanese beetle was found in North America for the first time in 1916 when it was discovered in the state of New Jersey. It was found in Canada for the first time in 1939 in the Niagara Peninsula of southern Ontario. Currently, the Japanese beetle is distributed throughout much of the eastern U.S. However, in Canada, it is limited to small areas in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

III. LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY

Plant Protection Act, s.c. 1990, c.22
Plant Protection Regulations, SOR/95-212
Plant Protection Cost Recovery Fees Order

IV. REGULATED COMMODITIES

All plants with soil attached.

V. COMMODITIES EXEMPT

Bare-root plants which contain less than that amount of growing media which could harbour any life stage of Japanese beetle.

VI. REGULATED PEST

Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman

VII. REGULATED AREAS

Those areas of Canada and the continental U.S. that are infested or are suspected of being infested with Japanese beetle, as named in Appendix 5.

VIII. MOVEMENT REQUIREMENTS OR PROHIBITIONS

1. IMPORTS

A Permit to Import, issued under the Plant Protection Regulations, is required for plant species considered high risk commodities from the continental U.S. More detailed information can be obtained from any local office of Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA).

Shipments must be accompanied by a U.S. Phytosanitary Certificate with one of the following additional declarations:

1.1 The plants were produced in a Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, free area*, or

1.2 The plants were produced in an approved Japanese beetle free greenhouse.* (See Appendix 1 for criteria), or

1.3 The plants were produced in a Japanese beetle free nursery which practices a recognized Japanese beetle nursery management program. (See Appendix 2 for criteria), or

1.4 The plants were produced in compliance with the recognized containerized plant production program. (See Appendix 3 for criteria), or

1.5 The plants have been treated in a manner that is recognized as effective in eradicating Japanese beetle. (See Appendix 4 for recognized treatments.)*

* Due to the fact that the province of British Columbia (B.C.) and the western States of: Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah and Washington are presently free from Japanese beetle, and have been identified as having a climate particularly suitable for the establishment of Japanese beetle, nursery plants originating in Japanese beetle infested areas will only be allowed into the B.C. and the west coast states mentioned above under options 1.1, 1.2 or 1.5. Note: Balled and burlapped, potted and containerized nursery plants originating in Japanese beetle infested areas which have been treated using the Dursban Dip treatment (as listed under option 1.5) will not be allowed into B.C. and the western States if the rootballs are over 30 cm (12 inches) in diameter.

2. DOMESTIC (within Canada)

Shipments of regulated commodities moving from Japanese beetle infested areas to Japanese beetle free areas in Canada must be accompanied by a Movement Certificate and must meet one of the requirements as stipulated for imported commodities. In the case of shipments into B.C., only requirements 1.1, 1.2, 1.5 (note rootball size restriction for Dursban dip - option 1.5) apply.

3. EXPORTS

Shipments of regulated commodities which require phytosanitary certification for export to other countries will be certified in accordance with the importing country's plant quarantine import requirements. All shipments to the U.S. will be certified according to one of the procedures outlined under 1.1 to 1.5 above. (Note the limitations for shipments to the western States as described in 1. above.)

IX. DEFINITIONS

Area: An officially defined county, part of a county or all or parts of several counties.
Bare root: Less than that amount of growing media which can harbour any life stage of Japanese beetle, such that it is sufficient to obscure the transport of Japanese beetle.
County: A legally defined territorial subdivision of a state of the U.S. or a province of Canada.
Delimitation Survey: For the purpose of this directive: A survey conducted to establish the boundaries of an area considered to be infested by or free from Japanese beetle. A survey conducted at the rate of 49 traps per square mile, usually undertaken at a nursery site.
Detection Survey: Survey conducted in an area to determine if Japanese beetle is present.
Field: A plot of land with defined boundaries within a place of production on which a commodity is grown.
Japanese Beetle Free Greenhouse/Screenhouse: A named greenhouse or screenhouse identified and approved by phytosanitary officials to be a Japanese beetle free zone/premises by virtue of meeting all criteria or requirements outlined in Appendix 1.
National Plant Protection Organization Official service established by a government to discharge the functions specified by the International Plant Protection Convention.
Nursery site: Any area consisting of a unified block of land. It may be divided into fields or other identifiable spaces by various perimeters (eg; road, fence line). An establishment intending to ship Japanese beetle regulated material may have several nursery sites.
Regional municipality: A legally defined territorial subdivision of a province in Canada.

X. FEES

The CFIA is charging fees in accordance with the Plant Protection Fees Regulations. For information regarding fees associated with imported product, please contact the Import Service Centres (ISC) at the following phone numbers: Eastern ISC 1-877-493-0468; Central ISC 1-800-835-4486; Western ISC 1-888-732-6222. Anyone requiring other information regarding fees may contact any local CFIA office.

XI. LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 - Criteria for Approved Japanese beetle-free Greenhouse and Screenhouse Program
APPENDIX 2 - Nursery Management Program
APPENDIX 3 - Containerized Nursery Stock Certification Program
APPENDIX 4 - Recognized Japanese Beetle Treatments
APPENDIX 5 - Areas Infested with or Suspected of being Infested with Japanese beetle in Canada and the United States

Robert Carberry
Director
Plant Health and Production Division

APPENDIX 1

CRITERIA FOR APPROVED JAPANESE BEETLE-FREE
GREENHOUSES AND SCREENHOUSES PROGRAM

PURPOSE:

To provide for the production of Japanese beetle free, greenhouse/screenhouse grown nursery stock.

CRITERIA:

  1. The soil, humus, compost, manure or any other growing medium in which the plants are rooted must have been sterilized, except for commercially processed or prepared growing material which is free of Japanese beetle.
  2. The seeds, cuttings, crowns or rooted plants must be free of soil before planting into the approved medium.
  3. The potted plants must be maintained within the greenhouse/screenhouse at all times.
  4. The greenhouse/screenhouse must be tightly constructed so that adult Japanese beetle can not gain entry. All openings shall be screened or otherwise covered to prevent entry. A double door entry system shall be installed. Excelsior pads, etc. used in the cooling ducts must be maintained in good condition. These requirements will be applied during the Japanese beetle adult flight period, June 1 to September 30 in the U.S. and June 15 to September 15 in Canada.
  5. No Japanese beetle contaminated material shall be allowed into the greenhouse at any time.
  6. The greenhouses/screenhouses will be officially inspected by inspectors authorized by the National Plant Protection Organization and may be specifically approved as safe greenhouses. They shall be inspected by the same officials for the presence of all life stages of the Japanese beetle.
  7. The plants and their growing medium must be protected from subsequent infestation while being stored, packed or shipped.
  8. Certified greenhouse/screenhouse nursery stock may not be transported into or through any infested areas unless identity is preserved and adequate safeguards are applied to prevent possible infestation.

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES:

Each greenhouse/screenhouse operation must be approved by the National Plant Protection Organization as having met and maintained the requirements spelled out as criteria.

The Phytosanitary Certificate shall bear the following additional declaration:

"The rooted plants (or crowns) were produced in an approved Japanese beetle free greenhouse (or screenhouse)".

Lists of approved facilities shall be maintained annually by the regional office of CFIA in Canada and by the Plant Protection and Quarantine Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in the U.S.

APPENDIX 2

NURSERY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

PURPOSE:

To certify nursery sites or individual nursery fields, located within an area infested with Japanese beetle, as being free from Japanese beetle.

CRITERIA:

  1. Freedom from Japanese beetle based on soil surveys conducted at a rate of 125 samples (95% confidence level) for individual fields. Sampling is to be conducted under the supervision of an inspector authorized by the National Plant Protection Organization.
  2. Clean cultivation within the plant rows to a width of at least one foot (30 cm) wider than the largest anticipated soil ball to be taken when harvesting plants.
  3. Implementation of an approved Japanese beetle Management Strategy (JBMS), to ensure that the risk of introducing Japanese beetle in nursery fields is minimized. Practices which could be incorporated in a JBMS include but are not limited to:

- Bio-control methods (i.e. milky spore, parasitic nematode)
- Adult treatments (in combination with adult trapping)
- Larval treatments

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES:

Each nursery operation must be approved by an inspector authorized by the National Plant Protection Organization as having met and maintained the requirements listed under the above criteria.

Sampling records and maps shall be maintained and made available to National Plant Protection Organizations upon request.

The Phytosanitary Certificate shall bear the following additional declaration:

"The rooted plants (or plant material) were produced in a Japanese beetle free nursery which practices a recognized Japanese Beetle Nursery Management Program."

APPENDIX 3

CONTAINERIZED NURSERY STOCK

CERTIFICATION PROGRAM

PURPOSE:

To certify containerized plants, from Japanese beetle infested areas, as being free from Japanese beetle.

CRITERIA:

  1. When potting plants, no field soil, unless sterilized, shall be used. All plants shall be free of soil prior to transplanting.
  2. Potted plants shall be maintained a reasonable distance from fences, hedgerows, sodded areas, flower gardens and other trees and shrubs (a minimum ten feet weed free border must be maintained around the container growing area) on material which serves as a ground barrier against Japanese beetle, i.e. gravel, plastic, hard packed clay, etc.
  3. Certified lots shall be identified and segregated in a manner satisfactory to an inspector.
  4. All containers shall be maintained free of weeds.

Note - ornamental grasses and sedges, which have been identified as preferred hosts of Japanese beetle, will not be allowed to be certified under this program.

ADMINISTRATION:

The certified plants shall be accompanied with a Phytosanitary Certificate with the following additional declaration:

"The plants were produced in compliance with the recognized containerized plant production program."

APPENDIX 4

RECOGNIZED JAPANESE BEETLE TREATMENTS

Additional treatments of nursery stock and sod may be accepted once phytosanitary officials from Canada and the U.S. are satisfied that the new treatment will effectively control Japanese beetle.

TREATMENTS OF NURSERY STOCK:

Dursban Dip Treatment

Balled and burlapped, potted and containerized nursery stock will be eligible for shipment from Japanese beetle infested areas if the material is treated and certified as described below.*

The potted or balled and burlapped stock must be dipped so as to submerge the entire root and all growing media of the container or other root retaining materials into an aqueous solution of Dursban in accordance with label specifications.

The plants must remain in the solution until all bubbling (i.e. escaping air from within the growing media) ceases. Upon removal from the solution, the plants are to be drained and must be held for a period of not less than three (3) days. During the adult flight period the plants must be protected against subsequent reinfestation.

* Note:  Balled and burlapped and containerized nursery stock treated with the Dursban dip are not eligible for entry into B.C. or the western States of: Arizone, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah or Washington, if the rootballs are larger than 30 cm (12 inches) in diameter.

TREATMENT OF SOD:

Sod must be treated with a registered pest control product which is recognized as an effective regulatory treatment against Japanese beetle. The sod shall be inspected for freedom from Japanese beetle at the time of harvest (sod cutting).

ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES:

The Phytosanitary Certificate accompanying the treated plants must indicate the treatment applied in the appropriate space allocated for this purpose on the certificate.

The Phytosanitary Certificate shall bear the following additional declaration:

"The rooted plants were treated to control Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica."

APPENDIX 5

AREAS INFESTED WITH OR SUSPECTED OF BEING INFESTED WITH
JAPANESE BEETLE IN CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES

 

Note:  An importer/exporter can obtain the current list of Japanese beetle infested or suspected areas of the United States and Canada from their local CFIA Office or through D-96-15 which can be found on the CFIA website at http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/plant/protect/directe.html.


Top of Page
Top of Page		 Important Notices