Copyright Collective
Societies:
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COPYRIGHT COLLECTIVE SOCIETIES
A collective society is an organization that administers the
rights of several copyright owners. It can grant permission to use
their works and set the conditions for that use. Collective
administration is widespread in Canada, particularly for music
performance rights, reprography rights and mechanical reproduction
rights. Some collective societies are affiliated with foreign
societies; this allows them to represent foreign copyright owners as
well.
Audio-Visual and Multimedia
Audio Ciné Films Inc. (ACF) is Canada's exclusive
non-theatrical distributor and public performance licensing
agent for Canadian, American and foreign feature film
producers such as Universal Studios, Walt Disney Pictures,
Alliance-Atlantis, Paramount Pictures, MGM Studios,
Touchstone Pictures, PolyGram Filmed Entertainment, United
Artists, FineLine Features, Orion Pictures, Hollywood
Pictures, New Line Cinema, Behaviour, Miramax Films, Odeon,
Sony Classics, Paramount Classics, Blackwatch Releasing and
Artisan Entertainment, among others. It distributes films in
16MM, 35MM, videocassette and DVD.
The Canadian Screenwriters Collection Society (CSCS) is a non-profit corporation created by the Writers Guild of Canada with the mandate to claim, collect and distribute secondary authors' levies to which film and television writers are entitled under the copyright legislation of European and other jurisdictions. In this context, secondary authors' monies include private home copying (blank tape) levies, rental and lending levies, and educational use levies.
Criterion Pictures is the non-theatrical distributor of
feature films for many of Hollywood's major motion picture
studios. It offer movies to the non-theatrical market on four
primary mediums: 35mm, 16mm, VHS and DVD. Criterion Pictures
administers and manages both educational (Visual Education
Centre) and entertainment audiovisual works including motion
pictures distributed by, among many others, Astral Films
(TVA), Columbia Pictures, DreamWorks SKG, Fox Searchlight,
Lions Gate Films, Lucas Films, Norstar Releasing
Inc.,Tri-Star Pictures, Warner Brothers, 20th Century Fox,
Revolution Studios and Savoy Pictures. It grants licences for
the use of these protected works.
Directors Rights Collective of Canada (DRCC)
The Directors Rights Collective of Canada (DRCC) is a
non-profit corporation founded by the Directors Guild of
Canada. Its mandate is to collect and distribute royalties
and levies to which film and television directors are
entitled under the copyright legislation of jurisdictions
throughout the world.
Producers Audiovisual Collective of Canada
The Producers Audiovisual Collective of Canada (PACC) is a
non-profit corporation founded by the Canadian Film and
Television Production Association (CFTPA). Its purpose is to
act on behalf of the producers as a collective society for
the management and distribution of royalties deriving from
the sale of blank audiovisual media ("blank tape levies") and
from the rental and lending of video recordings.
Société civile des auteurs multimédias (SCAM)
www.scam.fr
The Société civile des auteurs multimédia (SCAM) is an international Francophone society tasked by its members with negotiating licences with conventional and specialty broadcasters, negotiating agreements for cable retransmission, as well as collecting and distributing their royalties. SCAM's repertoire consists mainly of audio-visual documentaries, as well as radio and literary works.
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Educational Rights
Educational Rights Collective of Canada (ERCC)
The Educational Rights Collective of Canada (ERCC) is a
non-profit collective established in 1998 to represent the
interests of copyright owners of television and radio
programs (news, commentary programs and all other programs),
when these programs are reproduced and performed in public by
educational institutions for educational or training
purposes.
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Literary (Literary works, dramatic works, texts, etc.)
Access Copyright, The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency,
represents writers, publishers and other creators for the
administration of copyright in all provinces except Quebec.
The purpose of the collective is to provide easy access to
copyright material by negotiating comprehensive licences with
user groups, such as schools, colleges, universities,
governments, corporations, etc. permitting reproduction
rights, such as photocopy rights, for the works in its
repertoire.
The Playwrights Guild of Canada (PGC) is the national
service organization for professional playwrights. It
represents nearly 400 members, distributes more than 2,000
plays and offers many services to the theatre-loving public.
It acts as agent for the distribution of rights and
collection of royalties.
Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques (SACD)
www.sacd.ca
The Société des auteurs et compositeurs dramatiques (SACD) is an international Francophone society tasked by its members (playwrights, screenwriters, composers, producers, choreographers, and directors) with negotiating licences with conventional and specialty broadcasters, negotiating agreements for cable retransmission, as well as collecting and distributing their royalties. SACD's repertoire consists of stage works (plays, ballets, operas, operettas, reviews, musicals, mime performances and skits), audio-visual works (movies for television, series, serial dramas, cartoons, and feature and non-feature films) and radio works.
Société québécoise de gestion collective des droits de
reproduction (COPIBEC)
www.copibec.qc.ca
La Société québécoise de gestion collective des droits
de reproduction (COPIBEC) is the collective society which
authorizes in Quebec the reproduction of works from Quebec,
Canadian (through a bilateral agreement with Access
Copyright, The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) and
foreign rights holders. COPIBEC was founded in 1997 by
l'Union des écrivaines et écrivains québécois (UNEQ)
and the Association nationale des éditeurs de livres
(ANEL).
Founded in 1994, the Société québécoise des auteurs
dramatiques (SoQAD) has the mandate of redistributing
(redirect/forward) to Quebec, Canadian and foreign
playwrights whose works are performed in public or private
teaching institutions to the pre-school, primary and
secondary levels, royalties provided for in the financial
agreement between the Ministry of Education and the
Association québécoise des auteurs dramatiques
(AQAD).
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Media Monitoring
The Canadian Broadcasters Rights Agency (CBRA) claims
royalties for programming and excerpts of programming owned
by commercial radio and television stations and networks in
Canada, including CTV, TVA and Quatre-Saisons networks and
their affiliates, the Global Television Network, independent
television stations and the privately-owned affiliates of the
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and Société
Radio-Canada (SRC).
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Music
The ACTRA Performers' Rights Society (PRS) is responsible
for the collection and distribution of fees, royalties,
residual fees and all other forms of compensation or
remuneration to which members and permit holders of the
Alliance of Canadian Cinema Television and Radio Artists
(ACTRA), and others may be entitled to as a result of their
work or engagement in the entertainment and related
industries.
The American Federation of Musicians (AFM) advocates the
rights of musicians in their live and recorded performances
in the United States and Canada and other countries, and
where it deems appropriate, collects and distributes
government mandated or other compulsory royalties of
remuneration that are subject to collective
administration.
ArtistI is the collective society of the Union des
artistes (UDA) for the remuneration of performers'
rights.
The Audio-Video Licensing Agency (AVLA) is a copyright
collective that administers the copyright for the owners of
master audio and music video recordings. AVLA licences the
exhibition and reproduction of music videos and the
reproduction of audio recordings for commercial use.
Canadian Musical Reproduction Rights Agency (CMRRA)
www.cmrra.ca
The Canadian Musical Reproduction Rights Agency (CMRRA) is
a Canadian centralized licensing and collecting agency for
the reproduction rights of musical works in Canada. It
represents over 6,000 Canadian and U.S. publishers who own
and administer approximately 75 per cent of the music
recorded and performed in Canada. Licensing is done on a per
use basis.
The Christian Copyright Licensing Inc. (CCLI) was created
to help churches comply with the copyright law and to
compensate copyright owners fairly for such compliance. The
CCLI issues licences to reproduce songs in bulletins,
liturgies and congregational songsheets; make slides and
transparencies of songs; print songs in customized songbooks;
make customized arrangements of songs and record worship
services for tape ministry.
Neighbouring Rights Collective of Canada (NRCC)
www.nrdv.ca
The Neighbouring Rights Collective of Canada (NRCC) is a
non-profit umbrella collective, created in 1997, to
administer the rights of performers and makers of sound
recordings. This is done through five member collectives: the
American Federation of Musicians (AFM), ArtistI, the
Audio-Video Licensing Agency (AVLA), the Société de
gestion collective des droits des producteurs de phonogrammes
et vidéogrammes du Québec (SOPROQ) and the Alliance of
Canadian Cinema Television and Radio Artists Performers
Rights Society (ACTRA PRS).
Société de gestion collective des droits des producteurs de
phonogrammes et vidéogrammes du Québec (SOPROQ)
www.soproq.org
SOPROQ, a copyright collective for producers of sound recordings and videos, administers the royalties which belong to producers of audio and video recordings. It distributes to its members the royalties which come from the equitable remuneration ("neighbouring rights") and private copying regimes as well as the royalties which come from licensing agreements it has entered into with regards to the broadcast of videoclips and reproduction of sound recordings. SOPROQ makes sure that the interests of its members are defended before the Copyright Board. SOPROQ was created by ADISQ in 1991.
Société de gestion des droits des artistes-musiciens
(SOGEDAM)
The Société de gestion des droits des
artistes-musiciens (SOGEDAM) is a collective society
created in 1997 to represent Canadian performers (musicians)
and performers who are members of foreign societies that have
mandated it to represent their interests.
Society for Reproduction Rights of Authors, Composers and
Publishers in Canada (SODRAC)
www.sodrac.ca
The Society for Reproduction Rights of Authors, Composers
and Publishers in Canada (SODRAC) administers royalties
stemming from the reproduction of musical works. It
represents some 4,000 Canadian songwriters and music
publishers as well as the musical repertoire of over 65
countries.
Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada
(SOCAN)
www.socan.ca
The Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of
Canada (SOCAN) is a performing rights society that
administers performing rights in musical works on behalf of
Canadian composers, authors and publishers as well as
affiliated societies representing foreign composers, authors
and publishers.
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Private Copying
The Canadian Private Copying Collective (CPCC) is the
collective society for the private copying levy. CPCC is also
responsible for distributing the funds generated by the levy
to the collective societies representing eligible authors,
performers and makers of sound recordings. The member
collectives of the CPCC are: the Canadian Mechanical
Reproduction Rights Agency (CMRRA), the Neighbouring Rights
Collective of Canada (NRCC), the Société de gestion des
droits des artistes-musiciens (SOGEDAM), the Society for
Reproduction Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers in
Canada (SODRAC) and the Society of Composers, Authors and
Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN).
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Retransmission
Border Broadcasters' Inc. (BBI)
Border Broadcasters' Inc. (BBI) represents U.S. border
broadcasters (a mix of network affiliated and independent
stations in large and small markets along the Canada-U.S.
border). The royalties that BBI collects and distributes to
its members are for programs produced by the stations (i.e.
the local programming) as opposed to the network or
syndicated programming which is represented by other
collectives.
The Canadian Broadcasters Rights Agency (CBRA) claims
royalties for programming, compilations and signals owned by
commercial radio and television stations and networks in
Canada, including CTV, TVA and Quatre-Saisons networks and
their affiliates, the Global Television Network, independent
television stations and the privately-owned affiliates of the
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and Société
Radio-Canada (SRC).
The Canadian Retransmission Collective (CRC) represents
all PBS and TVOntario programming (producers) as well as
owners of motion pictures and television drama and comedy
programs produced outside the United States (i.e. Canada and
other countries).
Canadian Retransmission Right Association (CRRA)
The Canadian Retransmission Right Association (CRRA) is an
association representing certain broadcasters, i.e.: the
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the American
Broadcasting Company (ABC), the National Broadcasting Company
(NBC), the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) and
Télé-Québec with respect to their interests as
copyright owners of radio and television programming
retransmitted as distant signals in Canada. CRRA acts as the
collective for its members, collecting and distributing
royalties paid by retransmitters in Canada.
Copyright Collective of Canada (CCC)
The Copyright Collective of Canada (CCC) represents
copyright owners (producers and distributors) of the U.S.
independent motion picture and television production industry
for all drama and comedy programming (such as companies
represented by the Motion Picture Association of America),
except for that carried on the PBS network stations.
Direct Response Television Collective (DRTVC)
The Direct Response Television Collective (DRTVC) claims royalties for all television programs and underlying works in the form of direct response television programming (defined as "infomercials") including all television programs and underlying works (with the exception of programming predominantly religious or devotional in nature) whose broadcast is subject to the producer, program owner or program distributor buying airtime in respect of which retransmission royalties may be claimed.
FWS Joint Sports Claimants (FWS)
The FWS Joints Sports Claimants (FWS) represents the teams
in major sports leagues whose games are regularly telecast in
Canada and the United States. The leagues are the National
Hockey League, the National Basketball Association and the
Canadian, National and American Football Leagues. The
programs for which copyright royalties are claimed are games
broadcast between the member teams on distant signals carried
by Canadian cable systems, except for those for which a
television network is the copyright owner.
Major League Baseball Collective of Canada (MLB)
The Major League Baseball Collective of Canada (MLB) is
the sole party entitled to claim royalties arising out of the
retransmission of major league baseball games in Canada.
Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada
(SOCAN)
www.socan.ca
The Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of
Canada (SOCAN) is a performing rights society that
administers performing rights in musical works on behalf of
Canadian composers, authors and publishers as well as
affiliated societies representing foreign composers, authors
and publishers. With respect to retransmission, SOCAN
represents owners of the copyright in the music that is
integrated in the programming carried in retransmitted radio
and television signals. Rather than claiming ownership of
individual programs, SOCAN asks for a share of the royalties
for all works.
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Visual Arts (photographs, paintings, etc.)
Canadian Artists' Representation Copyright Collective
(CARCC)
www.carcc.ca
CARCC (Canadian Artists' Representation Copyright
Collective) was established in 1990 to create opportunities
for increased income for visual and media artists. It
provides its services to artists who affiliate with the
Collective. These services include negotiating the terms for
copyright use and issuing an appropriate license to the
user.
The Société de droits d'auteur en arts visuels
(SODART) was created by the Regroupement des artistes en
arts visuels du Québec (RAAV) and is responsible for
collecting rights on behalf of visual artists. It negotiates
agreements with organizations that use visual arts, such as
museums, exhibition centres, magazines, publishers,
audio-visual producers, etc. SODART issues licences to these
organizations and collects royalties due to the artists it
represents.
Society for Reproduction Rights of Authors, Composers and
Publishers in Canada (SODRAC)
www.sodrac.ca
SODRAC's Visual Arts and Crafts Department manages
the rights of more than 17,000 Canadian and foreign creators
of artistic works. SODRAC negotiates on their behalf the
conditions for the use of their works for any of the purposes
outlined in the Copyright Act, and grants licences for
public exhibition, communication to the public by
telecommunication and the reproduction of their works on any
media, including audiovisual and multimedia. It collects and
distributes royalties paid for the right to use their works.
To check if an artist is represented by SODRAC's Visual Arts
and Crafts Department, please consult the "Repertoire" page
under the "Artistic Works" section on its Web site.
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