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Definitions, data sources and methods NAICS 1997 Menu North American Industry Classification (NAICS) 1997 Classification |
| 54 | Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | |
| This sector comprises establishments primarily engaged in activities in which human capital is the major input. These establishments make available the knowledge and skills of their employees, often on an assignment basis. The individual industries of this sector are defined on the basis of the particular expertise and training of the service provider. The main components of this sector are legal services industries, accounting and related services industries, architectural, engineering and related services industries, surveying and mapping services industries, design services industries, management, scientific and technical consulting services industries, scientific research and development services industries, and advertising services industries. The distinguishing feature of this sector is the fact that most of the industries grouped in it have production processes that are almost wholly dependent on worker skills. In most of these industries, equipment and materials are not of major importance. Thus, the establishments classified in this sector sell expertise. Much of the expertise requires a university or college education, though not in every case. Establishments primarily engaged in providing instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects and those primarily engaged in providing health care by diagnosis and treatment are not included in this sector. | ||
| 541 | Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | |
| This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in activities in which human capital is the major input. These establishments make available the knowledge and skills of their employees, often on an assignment basis. The individual industries of this subsector are defined on the basis of the particular expertise and training of the service provider. The main components of this subsector are legal services industries, accounting and related services industries, architectural, engineering and related services industries, surveying and mapping services industries, design services industries, management, scientific and technical consulting services industries, scientific research and development services industries, and advertising services industries. The distinguishing feature of this subsector is the fact that most of the industries grouped in it have production processes that are almost wholly dependent on worker skills. In most of these industries, equipment and materials are not of major importance. Thus, the establishments classified in this subsector sell expertise. Much of the expertise requires a university or college education, though not in every case. Establishments primarily engaged in providing instruction and training in a wide variety of subjects and those primarily engaged in providing health care by diagnosis and treatment are not included in this subsector. | ||
| 5411 | Legal Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing legal and paralegal services. Examples of establishments in this industry group are offices of lawyers, offices of notaries and offices of paralegals. | ||
| 54111 | Offices of Lawyers | |
| This industry comprises offices of legal practitioners, known as lawyers, barristers and solicitors, primarily engaged in the practice of law. Establishments in this industry may provide expertise in a range of, or specific area of law, such as criminal law, corporate law, real estate law, family and estate law, and intellectual property law. | ||
| Exclusion(s): | ||
| - | offices of notaries (54112, Offices of Notaries) | |
| - | offices of legal and paralegal practitioners, except offices of lawyers and notaries (54119, Other Legal Services) | |
| 541110 | Offices of Lawyers | |
| This Canadian industry comprises offices of legal practitioners, known as lawyers, barristers and solicitors, primarily engaged in the practice of law. Establishments in this industry may provide expertise in a range of, or specific area of law, such as criminal law, corporate law, real estate law, family and estate law, and intellectual property law. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54112 | Offices of Notaries | |
| This industry comprises establishments, except offices of lawyers, primarily engaged in drafting and approving legal documents, such as real estate transactions, wills and contracts, and in receiving, indexing and storing such documents. | ||
| Exclusion(s): | ||
| - | offices of legal and paralegal practitioners, except offices of lawyers and notaries (54119, Other Legal Services) | |
| - | offices of notaries public engaged in activities, such as administering oaths and taking affidavits and depositions, and witnessing and certifying signatures on documents, but not empowered to draw up and approve legal documents and contracts (54119, Other Legal Services) | |
| 541120 | Offices of Notaries | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, except offices of lawyers, primarily engaged in drafting and approving legal documents, such as real estate transactions, wills and contracts, and in receiving, indexing and storing such documents. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54119 | Other Legal Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing legal and paralegal services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): | ||
| - | offices of lawyers (54111, Offices of Lawyers) | |
| - | offices of notaries (54112, Offices of Notaries) | |
| 541190 | Other Legal Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments of legal practitioners, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing legal and paralegal services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5412 | Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping and Payroll Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in auditing accounting records; designing accounting systems; preparing financial statements; developing budgets; preparing tax returns; processing payrolls; bookkeeping; and billing. | ||
| 54121 | Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping and Payroll Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in auditing accounting records; designing accounting systems; preparing financial statements; developing budgets; preparing tax returns; processing payrolls; bookkeeping; and billing. | ||
| 541212 | Offices of Accountants | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing a range of accounting services, such as the preparation of financial statements, the preparation of management accounting reports, the review and auditing of accounting records, the development of budgets, the design of accounting systems, and the provision of advice on matters related to accounting. These establishments may also provide related services, such as bookkeeping services, tax return preparation services, payroll services, management consulting services and insolvency services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing tax return preparation services, without also providing accounting or auditing services (541213, Tax Preparation Services) | |
| - | providing bookkeeping, billing and payroll processing services, without also providing accounting or auditing services (541215, Bookkeeping, Payroll and Related Services) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 541213 | Tax Preparation Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing only tax return preparation services. These establishments do not provide accounting, bookkeeping, billing or payroll processing services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing a range of accounting services (541212, Offices of Accountants) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 541215 | Bookkeeping, Payroll and Related Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing bookkeeping, billing or payroll processing services. These establishments do not provide accounting services, such as the preparation of financial statements, the preparation of management accounting reports, and the review and auditing of accounting records. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing a range of accounting services (541212, Offices of Accountants) | |
| - | providing tax return preparation services, without also providing accounting or auditing services (541213, Tax Preparation Services) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 5413 | Architectural, Engineering and Related Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing architectural, engineering and related services, such as structure design, drafting, building inspection, landscape design, surveying and mapping, laboratory and on-site testing, and interior, industrial, graphic and other specialized design services. | ||
| 54131 | Architectural Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing the construction of residential, institutional, leisure, commercial and industrial buildings and other structures by applying knowledge of design, construction procedures, zoning regulations, building codes and building materials. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | both the design and construction of buildings, highways or other structures (23, Construction) | |
| - | managing construction projects (23141, Construction Management) | |
| - | planning and designing landscapes (54132, Landscape Architectural Services) | |
| 541310 | Architectural Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning and designing the construction of residential, institutional, leisure, commercial and industrial buildings and other structures by applying knowledge of design, construction procedures, zoning regulations, building codes and building materials. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54132 | Landscape Architectural Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and administering the development of land areas for projects such as parks and other recreational areas, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial and residential areas by applying knowledge of land characteristics, location of buildings and structures, use of land areas, and design of landscape projects. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | operating retail nursery and garden centres that also provide landscape consulting and design services (44422, Nursery and Garden Centres) | |
| - | designing, installing and maintaining the materials specified in the design as part of an integrated service (56173, Landscaping Services) | |
| 541320 | Landscape Architectural Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and administering the development of land areas for projects such as parks and other recreational areas, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial and residential areas by applying knowledge of land characteristics, location of buildings and structures, use of land areas, and design of landscape projects. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54133 | Engineering Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in applying principles of engineering in the design, development and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes and systems. The assignments undertaken by these establishments may involve any of the following activities: the provision of advice, the preparation of feasibility studies, the preparation of preliminary and final plans and designs, the provision of technical services during the construction or installation phase, the inspection and evaluation of engineering projects, and related services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | both the design and construction of buildings, highways and other structures (23, Construction) | |
| - | managing construction projects (23141, Construction Management) | |
| - | gathering, interpreting and mapping geophysical data (54136, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services) | |
| - | providing engineering surveying services (54137, Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services) | |
| - | creating and developing designs and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products (54142, Industrial Design Services) | |
| - | planning and designing computer systems that integrate existing hardware, packaged or custom software and communication technologies (54151, Computer Systems Design and Related Services) | |
| - | providing advice and assistance to others on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental contamination from pollutants, toxic substances and hazardous materials (54162, Environmental Consulting Services) | |
| 541330 | Engineering Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in applying principles of engineering in the design, development and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes and systems. The assignments undertaken by these establishments may involve any of the following activities: the provision of advice, the preparation of feasibility studies, the preparation of preliminary and final plans and designs, the provision of technical services during the construction or installation phase, the inspection and evaluation of engineering projects, and related services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54134 | Drafting Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing detailed layouts, plans and illustrations of buildings, structures, systems or components from engineering and architectural specifications. | ||
| 541340 | Drafting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in drawing detailed layouts, plans and illustrations of buildings, structures, systems or components from engineering and architectural specifications. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54135 | Building Inspection Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing building inspection services. These establishments typically evaluate all aspects of the building structure and component systems and prepare a report on the physical condition of the property, generally for buyers or others involved in real estate transactions. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | inspecting buildings for hazardous materials (54162, Environmental Consulting Services) | |
| - | inspecting buildings for termites and other pests (56171, Exterminating and Pest Control Services) | |
| - | conducting inspections and enforcing public building codes (91, Public Administration) | |
| 541350 | Building Inspection Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing building inspection services. These establishments typically evaluate all aspects of the building structure and component systems and prepare a report on the physical condition of the property, generally for buyers or others involved in real estate transactions. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54136 | Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, interpreting and mapping geophysical data. These establishments often specialize in locating and measuring the extent of subsurface resources, such as oil, gas and minerals, but they may also conduct surveys for engineering purposes. A variety of surveying techniques are used, including seismic, magnetic, gravity, electrical and electromagnetic, radioactive and remote sensing, depending on the purpose of the survey. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | geophysical surveying activities in combination with other exploration activities (21311, Support Activities for Mining and Oil and Gas Extraction) | |
| 541360 | Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, interpreting and mapping geophysical data. These establishments often specialize in locating and measuring the extent of subsurface resources, such as oil, gas and minerals, but they may also conduct surveys for engineering purposes. A variety of surveying techniques are used, including seismic, magnetic, gravity, electrical and electromagnetic, radioactive and remote sensing, depending on the purpose of the survey. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54137 | Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing surveying and mapping services of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor. These services may include surveying and mapping of areas above or below the surface of the earth, such as the creation of view easements or segregating rights in parcels of land by creating underground utility easements. Examples of activities in this industry are cadastral and topographic surveying and mapping services; control surveying services, such as geodesy and Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying; cartographic surveying services, including photogrammetric mapping; geographic information system (GIS) base mapping and quality control services; and geospatial mapping services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | publishing atlases and maps (51119, Other Publishers) | |
| - | developing and/or publishing GIS software (51121, Software Publishers) | |
| - | providing geophysical surveying and mapping services (54136, Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Services) | |
| 541370 | Surveying and Mapping (except Geophysical) Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing surveying and mapping services of the surface of the earth, including the sea floor. These services may include surveying and mapping of areas above or below the surface of the earth, such as the creation of view easements or segregating rights in parcels of land by creating underground utility easements. Examples of activities in this industry are cadastral and topographic surveying and mapping services; control surveying services, such as geodesy and Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying; cartographic surveying services, including photogrammetric mapping; geographic information system (GIS) base mapping and quality control services; and geospatial mapping services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54138 | Testing Laboratories | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing physical, chemical and other analytical testing services. The testing activities may occur in a laboratory or on-site. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | performing laboratory testing for the veterinary profession (54194, Veterinary Services) | |
| - | performing clinical laboratory testing for the medical profession (62151, Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories) | |
| - | auto emissions testing (81119, Other Automotive Repair and Maintenance) | |
| 541380 | Testing Laboratories | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing physical, chemical and other analytical testing services. The testing activities may occur in a laboratory or on-site. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5414 | Specialized Design Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized design services, except architectural, engineering and computer systems design. | ||
| 54141 | Interior Design Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and administering projects in interior spaces to meet the physical and aesthetic needs of people, taking into consideration building codes, health and safety regulations, traffic patterns and floor planning, mechanical and electrical needs, and interior fittings and furniture. Interior designers and interior design consultants work in areas such as hospitality design, health care design, institutional design, commercial and corporate design and residential design. This industry also includes interior decorating consultants engaged exclusively in providing aesthetic services associated with interior spaces. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | selling furniture and furnishings at retail or wholesale locations that also provide interior design or decorating services (41, Wholesale Trade) | |
| 541410 | Interior Design Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and administering projects in interior spaces to meet the physical and aesthetic needs of people, taking into consideration building codes, health and safety regulations, traffic patterns and floor planning, mechanical and electrical needs, and interior fittings and furniture. Interior designers and interior design consultants work in areas such as hospitality design, health care design, institutional design, commercial and corporate design and residential design. This industry also includes interior decorating consultants engaged exclusively in providing aesthetic services associated with interior spaces. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54142 | Industrial Design Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and developing designs and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products. These services can include the determination of the materials, construction, mechanisms, shape, colour, and surface finishes of the product, taking into consideration human needs, safety, market appeal and efficiency in production, distribution, use and maintenance. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | designing, subcontracting the manufacturing and marketing of products (31-33, Manufacturing) | |
| - | applying principles of engineering in the design, development and utilization of machines, materials, instruments, structures, processes and systems (54133, Engineering Services) | |
| - | designing clothing, shoes and jewellery (54149, Other Specialized Design Services) | |
| 541420 | Industrial Design Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and developing designs and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products. These services can include the determination of the materials, construction, mechanisms, shape, colour, and surface finishes of the product, taking into consideration human needs, safety, market appeal and efficiency in production, distribution, use and maintenance. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54143 | Graphic Design Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and managing the production of visual communication, so as to convey specific messages or concepts, clarify complex information or project visual identities. These services can include the design of printed materials, packaging, video screen displays, advertising, signage systems and corporate identification. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | printing (32311, Printing) | |
| - | publishing newspapers, periodicals, books, databases, software and related works (511, Publishing Industries) | |
| - | producing animated films (51211, Motion Picture and Video Production) | |
| - | providing advice concerning marketing strategies (54161, Management Consulting Services) | |
| - | creating and placing advertising campaigns in media (54181, Advertising Agencies) | |
| - | purchasing advertising time or space from media owners and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or advertisers (54183, Media Buying Agencies) | |
| - | creating and/or placing public display advertising material (54185, Display Advertising) | |
| - | providing photography services (54192, Photographic Services) | |
| - | creating cartoons and visual art (71151, Independent Artists, Writers and Performers) | |
| 541430 | Graphic Design Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in planning, designing and managing the production of visual communication, so as to convey specific messages or concepts, clarify complex information or project visual identities. These services can include the design of printed materials, packaging, video screen displays, advertising, signage systems and corporate identification. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54149 | Other Specialized Design Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing professional design services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing architectural design services (54131, Architectural Services) | |
| - | providing landscape architectural design services (54132, Landscape Architectural Services) | |
| - | providing engineering design services (54133, Engineering Services) | |
| - | providing interior design services (54141, Interior Design Services) | |
| - | providing industrial design services (54142, Industrial Design Services) | |
| - | providing graphic design services (54143, Graphic Design Services) | |
| - | providing computer systems design services (54151, Computer Systems Design and Related Services) | |
| 541490 | Other Specialized Design Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing professional design services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5415 | Computer Systems Design and Related Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expertise in the field of information technologies through one or more activities, such as writing, modifying, testing and supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer, including the creation of Internet home pages; planning and designing computer systems that integrate hardware, software and communication technologies; on-site management and operation of clients' computer and data processing facilities; providing advice in the field of information technologies; and other professional and technical computer-related services. | ||
| 54151 | Computer Systems Design and Related Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expertise in the field of information technologies through one or more activities, such as writing, modifying, testing and supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer, including the creation of Internet home pages; planning and designing computer systems that integrate hardware, software and communication technologies; on-site management and operation of clients' computer and data processing facilities; providing advice in the field of information technologies; and other professional and technical computer-related services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | retailing computer hardware and software and providing support services (44312, Computer and Software Stores) | |
| - | publishing packaged software (51121, Software Publishers) | |
| - | providing data processing services (51421, Data Processing Services) | |
| 541510 | Computer Systems Design and Related Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expertise in the field of information technologies through one or more activities, such as writing, modifying, testing and supporting software to meet the needs of a particular customer, including the creation of Internet home pages; planning and designing computer systems that integrate hardware, software and communication technologies; on-site management and operation of clients' computer and data processing facilities; providing advice in the field of information technologies; and other professional and technical computer-related services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5416 | Management, Scientific and Technical Consulting Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing expert advice and assistance to other organizations on management, environmental, scientific and technical issues. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing expert advice and assistance to other organizations on architectural and engineering issues (5413, Architectural, Engineering and Related Services) | |
| - | providing expert advice and assistance to other organizations on interior, industrial and graphic design issues (5414, Specialized Design Services) | |
| - | providing expert advice and assistance to other organizations on information technology issues (5415, Computer Systems Design and Related Services) | |
| 54161 | Management Consulting Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on management issues, such as strategic and organizational planning; financial planning and budgeting; marketing objectives and policies; human resource policies, practices and planning; and production scheduling and control planning. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | planning and designing industrial processes and systems (54133, Engineering Services) | |
| - | planning and designing computer systems (54151, Computer Systems Design and Related Services) | |
| - | developing and implementing public relations plans (54182, Public Relations Services) | |
| - | developing and conducting marketing research or public opinion polling studies (54191, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling) | |
| - | providing office or general administrative services on a day-to-day basis (56111, Office Administrative Services) | |
| - | providing professional and management development training (61143, Professional and Management Development Training) | |
| 541611 | Administrative Management and General Management Consulting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on administrative management issues, such as financial planning and budgeting; equity and asset management; records management; office planning; strategic and organizational planning; site selection; new business start-up; and business process improvement. This Canadian industry also includes general management consultants that provide a full range of administrative; human resource; marketing; process, physical distribution and logistics; or other management consulting services to clients. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing office or general administrative services on a day-to-day basis (561110, Office Administrative Services) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 541612 | Human Resource and Executive Search Consulting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on human resource management issues, such as human resource and personnel policies, practices and procedures; employee benefits planning, communication, and administration; compensation systems planning; wage and salary administration; and executive search and recruitment. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing professional and management development training (611430, Professional and Management Development Training) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 541619 | Other Management Consulting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other Canadian industry, primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on management issues. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54162 | Environmental Consulting Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental contamination from pollutants, toxic substances and hazardous materials. These establishments identify problems, measure and evaluate risks, and recommend solutions. They employ a multi-disciplined staff of scientists, engineers and other technicians, with expertise in areas such as air and water quality, asbestos contamination, remediation and environmental law. Examples of establishments in this industry are environmental consultants, sanitation consultants and site remediation consultants. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing environmental engineering services (54133, Engineering Services) | |
| - | environmental remediation (56291, Remediation Services) | |
| 541620 | Environmental Consulting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on environmental issues, such as the control of environmental contamination from pollutants, toxic substances and hazardous materials. These establishments identify problems, measure and evaluate risks, and recommend solutions. They employ a multi-disciplined staff of scientists, engineers and other technicians, with expertise in areas such as air and water quality, asbestos contamination, remediation and environmental law. Examples of establishments in this industry are environmental consultants, sanitation consultants and site remediation consultants. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54169 | Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on scientific and technical issues. | ||
| 541690 | Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing advice and assistance to other organizations on scientific and technical issues. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5417 | Scientific Research and Development Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting original investigation, undertaken on a systematic basis to gain new knowledge (research), and in the application of research findings or other scientific knowledge for the creation of new or significantly improved products or processes (experimental development). The industries within this industry group are defined on the basis of the domain of research; that is, on the scientific expertise of the establishment. | ||
| 54171 | Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering and Life Sciences | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental development in the physical engineering and life sciences, including electronics, computers, chemistry, oceanography, geology, mathematics, physics, environmental, medicine, health, biology, botany, biotechnology, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, pharmacy, veterinary and other allied subjects. | ||
| Exclusion(s): | ||
| - | research and development on aerospace equipment undertaken by establishments belonging to enterprises manufacturing such equipment (33641, Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing) | |
| - | physical, chemical or other analytical testing services (54138, Testing Laboratories) | |
| - | performing laboratory testing for the veterinary profession (54194, Veterinary Services) | |
| - | performing clinical laboratory testing for the medical profession (62151, Medical and Diagnostic Laboratories) | |
| 541710 | Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering and Life Sciences | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and experimental development in the physical engineering and life sciences, including electronics, computers, chemistry, oceanography, geology, mathematics, physics, environmental, medicine, health, biology, botany, biotechnology, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, pharmacy, veterinary and other allied subjects. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54172 | Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and analyses in education, sociology, psychology, language, economics, law, and other social sciences and humanities. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | marketing research (54191, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling) | |
| 541720 | Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in conducting research and analyses in education, sociology, psychology, language, economics, law, and other social sciences and humanities. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 5418 | Advertising and Related Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating mass-media advertising or public relation campaigns; placing advertising in media for advertisers or advertising agencies; selling media time or space to advertisers or advertising agencies for media owners; creating and implementing indoor or outdoor display advertising campaigns; creating and implementing direct mail advertising campaigns; delivering (except by mail) advertising materials or samples; creating and implementing specialty advertising campaigns; providing related services, such as sign painting and lettering, welcoming services and window trimming services. | ||
| 54181 | Advertising Agencies | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in periodicals and newspapers, on radio and television, or with other media. These establishments are organized to provide a full range of services (through in-house capabilities or subcontracting), including advice, creative services, account management, media planning and buying, and production of advertising material. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | conceptualizing and producing graphic designs, but not placing the advertising with media (54143, Graphic Design Services) | |
| - | providing marketing consulting services (54161, Management Consulting Services) | |
| - | purchasing advertising space from media outlets and reselling it to advertising agencies or individual companies directly (54183, Media Buying Agencies) | |
| - | selling media time or space for media owners (54184, Media Representatives) | |
| - | creating direct mail advertising campaigns (54186, Direct Mail Advertising) | |
| - | writing advertising copy, but not placing the advertising with media (54189, Other Services Related to Advertising) | |
| 541810 | Advertising Agencies | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating advertising campaigns and placing such advertising in periodicals and newspapers, on radio and television, or with other media. These establishments are organized to provide a full range of services (through in-house capabilities or subcontracting), including advice, creative services, account management, media planning and buying, and production of advertising material. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54182 | Public Relations Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and implementing public relation campaigns. These campaigns are designed to promote the interests and image of their clients. | ||
| 541820 | Public Relations Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and implementing public relation campaigns. These campaigns are designed to promote the interests and image of their clients. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54183 | Media Buying Agencies | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purchasing advertising time or space from media owners and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or advertisers. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | creating and placing advertising campaigns in media (54181, Advertising Agencies) | |
| - | selling time and space to advertisers for media owners (54184, Media Representatives) | |
| 541830 | Media Buying Agencies | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in purchasing advertising time or space from media owners and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or advertisers. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54184 | Media Representatives | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in selling media time or space for media owners. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | creating and placing advertising campaigns in media (54181, Advertising Agencies) | |
| - | purchasing advertising time or space from media owners and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or advertisers (54183, Media Buying Agencies) | |
| 541840 | Media Representatives | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in selling media time or space for media owners. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54185 | Display Advertising | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating public display advertising material, such as printed, painted, or electronic displays, and placing such displays on indoor or outdoor billboards and panels, on or within transit vehicles or facilities, in shopping mall displays, and on other display structures or sites. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | erecting display boards (23, Construction) | |
| - | manufacturing electrical, mechanical or plate signs, and point-of-sale advertising displays (33995, Sign Manufacturing) | |
| 541850 | Display Advertising | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating public display advertising material, such as printed, painted, or electronic displays, and placing such displays on indoor or outdoor billboards and panels, on or within transit vehicles or facilities, in shopping mall displays, and on other display structures or sites. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54186 | Direct Mail Advertising | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and designing direct mail advertising campaigns, and preparing advertising material for mailing or other direct distribution. These establishments may also compile, maintain, sell and rent mailing lists. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | compiling and selling mailing lists, without also providing direct mail advertising services (51114, Database and Directory Publishers) | |
| - | creating and placing advertising campaigns in media (54181, Advertising Agencies) | |
| - | the door-to-door distribution or delivery of advertising materials or samples (54187, Advertising Material Distribution Services) | |
| - | distributing advertising specialties (54189, Other Services Related to Advertising) | |
| 541860 | Direct Mail Advertising | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating and designing direct mail advertising campaigns, and preparing advertising material for mailing or other direct distribution. These establishments may also compile, maintain, sell and rent mailing lists. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54187 | Advertising Material Distribution Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the distribution or delivery, except by mail or electronic distribution, of advertising materials or samples. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing direct mail advertising services (54186, Direct Mail Advertising) | |
| - | distributing advertising specialties (54189, Other Services Related to Advertising) | |
| 541870 | Advertising Material Distribution Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the distribution or delivery, except by mail or electronic distribution, of advertising materials or samples. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54189 | Other Services Related to Advertising | |
| This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in providing advertising related services, such as advertising specialties distribution; sign painting and lettering; welcoming services; window trimming services; and writing of advertising copy. | ||
| 541891 | Specialty Advertising Distributors | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in creating, and organizing the production of, promotional messages applied to specialty advertising products, such as wearables, writing instruments, calendars, desk accessories, buttons, badges and stickers. These establishments act as intermediaries between clients (who distribute the products free-of-charge) and specialty advertising product suppliers. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 541899 | All Other Services Related to Advertising | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other Canadian industry, primarily engaged in providing advertising related services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | creating and placing advertising campaigns in media (541810, Advertising Agencies) | |
| - | creating and implementing public relations campaigns (541820, Public Relations Services) | |
| - | purchasing advertising time or space from media owners and reselling it directly to advertising agencies or advertisers (541830, Media Buying Agencies) | |
| - | selling time and space to advertisers for media owners (541840, Media Representatives) | |
| - | creating and/or placing public display advertising material (541850, Display Advertising) | |
| - | providing direct mail advertising services (541860, Direct Mail Advertising) | |
| - | the door-to-door distribution or delivery of advertising materials or samples (541870, Advertising Material Distribution Services) | |
| Example Activities | ||
| 5419 | Other Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | |
| This industry group comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry group, primarily engaged in providing professional, scientific and technical services. Examples of establishments included in this industry group are marketing research and public opinion polling houses; photographic studios; translators and interpreters; and veterinary practices. | ||
| 54191 | Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, recording, tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing advice on marketing strategies (54161, Management Consulting Services) | |
| - | conducting fundamental and experimental research in economics, sociology, and related fields (54172, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities) | |
| 541910 | Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in gathering, recording, tabulating, and presenting marketing and public opinion data. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54192 | Photographic Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing still, video or computer photography services, including the video taping of special events. These establishments may specialize in a particular field of photography, such as aerial photography, commercial and industrial photography, portrait photography and special event photography. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | producing commercial, institutional or educational films and videos (51211, Motion Picture and Video Production) | |
| - | developing motion picture films (51219, Post-Production and Other Motion Picture and Video Industries) | |
| - | supplying photographs to the news media (51411, News Syndicates) | |
| - | taking, developing and selling artistic photographs (71151, Independent Artists, Writers and Performers) | |
| - | developing still photographs (81292, Photo Finishing Services) | |
| - | supplying and servicing automatic photography machines in places of business operated by others (81299, All Other Personal Services) | |
| 541920 | Photographic Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing still, video or computer photography services, including the video taping of special events. These establishments may specialize in a particular field of photography, such as aerial photography, commercial and industrial photography, portrait photography and special event photography. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54193 | Translation and Interpretation Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in translating written material and interpreting speech from one language to another, and establishments primarily engaged in providing sign language services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing transcription services (56141, Document Preparation Services) | |
| - | providing real-time closed captioning services (56149, Other Business Support Services) | |
| 541930 | Translation and Interpretation Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in translating written material and interpreting speech from one language to another, and establishments primarily engaged in providing sign language services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54194 | Veterinary Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments of licensed veterinary practitioners primarily engaged in the practice of veterinary medicine, dentistry, or surgery for animals. This industry also includes veterinary laboratories. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | boarding horses (11521, Support Activities for Animal Production) | |
| - | veterinary research and development (54171, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering and Life Sciences) | |
| - | providing pet care services, except veterinary (81291, Pet Care (except Veterinary) Services) | |
| 541940 | Veterinary Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments of licensed veterinary practitioners primarily engaged in the practice of veterinary medicine, dentistry, or surgery for animals. This industry also includes veterinary laboratories. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
| 54199 | All Other Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | |
| This industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in the provision of professional, scientific or technical services. | ||
| Exclusion(s): Establishments primarily engaged in: | ||
| - | providing legal services (5411, Legal Services) | |
| - | providing accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping and payroll services (5412, Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping and Payroll Services) | |
| - | providing architectural, engineering and related services (5413, Architectural, Engineering and Related Services) | |
| - | providing specialized design services (5414, Specialized Design Services) | |
| - | providing computer systems design and related services (5415, Computer Systems Design and Related Services) | |
| - | providing management, scientific and technical consulting services (5416, Management, Scientific and Technical Consulting Services) | |
| - | providing scientific research and development services (5417, Scientific Research and Development Services) | |
| - | providing advertising and related services (5418, Advertising and Related Services) | |
| - | providing marketing research and public opinion polling (54191, Marketing Research and Public Opinion Polling) | |
| - | providing photographic services (54192, Photographic Services) | |
| - | providing translation and interpretation services (54193, Translation and Interpretation Services) | |
| - | providing veterinary services (54194, Veterinary Services) | |
| 541990 | All Other Professional, Scientific and Technical Services | |
| This Canadian industry comprises establishments, not classified to any other industry, primarily engaged in the provision of professional, scientific or technical services. | ||
| Example Activities | ||
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