TIMELINE
PETRA AND THE ANCIENT WORLD

IN PETRA

400-300 B.C.
Nabataeans are nomadic tribes, living in tents and herding sheep, goats and camels.



200 B.C.
Nomadic Nabataeans begin to settle in Petra.


150 B.C.
The Nabataean alphabet comes into use.


100 B.C.
The Nabataeans control the incense and spice trades throughout the Arabian peninsula.


50 B.C. - A.D. 50
Petra, capital of the Nabataean kingdom, is at its height and boasts as many as 20,000 residents.


A.D. 106
Under the Emperor Trajan, Rome annexes the Nabataean kingdom.


A.D. 200-300
Roman architecture and street-plan constructed in Petra.


A.D. 363
An earthquake destroys approximately half of Petra.


A.D. 400-600
Petra continues to be occupied by a smaller Christian population.


A.D. 600-700
Transition to Islamic rule.

IN THE ANCIENT WORLD

404 B.C.
Sparta defeats Athens, ending the Peloponnesian War.


331 B.C.
Alexander the Great's empire stretches from Greece to India.


323 B.C.
Alexander dies and his empire is divided


264-202 B.C.
The Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage in North Africa.


58-50 B.C.
Caesar conquers Gaul and invades Britain.


27 B.C. - A.D. 14
Augustus, the first emperor of Rome, unifies the ancient world.


A.D. 63
Romans occupy Palestine.


A.D. 70
The Hebrew Temple in Jerusalem is destroyed


A.D. 132-135
Jewish revolt and beginning of diaspora from Palestine.


A.D. 330
Constantine, the first Christian Roman emperor, moves the capital of the empire from Rome to Byzantium.


A.D. 445-451
Attila the Hun invades Europe.


A.D. 500
The Roman Empire fragments into smaller kingdoms.