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Surrealism remained a major source of inspiration in international art until the 1950s. Launched in 1924 with the publication of Andre Breton's Manifesto of Surrealism, the movement soon gained fame worldwide. Its influence was not felt in the United States, however, until the Second World War, when many of the Surrealists fled to New York.
Drawing freely from Freudian psychoanalysis, which is based essentially on the interpretation of dreams and exploration of the unconscious, Surrealism aimed to liberate psychic forces normally controlled by reason. There are two main forms of Surrealist art. In one, the results are more or less abstract ? as witness the works of Andre Masson, Joan Miro, and Jean Arp. The second approach, figurative and dream-based, is well known through the creations of Rene Magritte and Salvador Dali.
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