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One year later
Stories from the field
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Overview
Impact
Funds Allocated by CIDA
Humanitarian Results
Overview
On October 8, 2005, a major earthquake (7.6 on the Richter scale) struck the Muzaffarabad region of Pakistan, some 95 kilometres northeast of Islamabad. The impact of the quake was also felt in India, Afghanistan, and China. Parts of India and Pakistan also experienced significant aftershocks.
Following the earthquake, the Government of Canada committed funds for humanitarian assistance, relief and recovery efforts, including the cost of deploying the Canadian Forces Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) and the pledge to the Matching Fund program. An additional contribution of $40 million will be allocated over the next few years for reconstruction initiatives proposed by Canadian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and for the construction of schools.
Canada’s total response is approximately $130 million.
 Impact
The earthquake caused over 73,000 deaths and 69,000 injuries in Pakistan, as well as the destruction of more than 200,000 primary and secondary schools. In India, the disaster caused 1,300 deaths and more than 7,500 injuries.
Funds Allocated by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
Many houses collapsed during the earthquake.
In Bedadi Village, Pakistan, affected people
are working in collaboration with organizations in
the field to rebuild their homes and their lives.
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Following a disaster such as the earthquake that devastated Pakistan, assistance is provided in three distinct activity phases: relief, recovery, and reconstruction.
In the relief phase, the focus is on ensuring that the basic needs of the affected population are met quickly and appropriately.
In the recovery phase, the emphasis shifts to infrastructure repair and supporting community efforts to restore local services such as transportation, health, sanitation, and education.
In the reconstruction phase, the objective is to help communities rebuild in a sustainable way so the population can become fully self-sufficient again. The additional funds announced in October 2006—$40 million—will provide assistance to build schools, and to execute reconstruction projects proposed by NGOs. Details will follow once proposals have been reviewed.
To date, CIDA has allocated the following in support of the relief and recovery phases.
| Organization | Allocation | Activities | Matching Fund |
Sarhad Rural Support Program
* Local NGO | $100,000 | Relief goods | No |
Sungi Development Foundation
* Local NGO | $50,000 | Relief goods | No |
AMAL Human Development Network
* Local NGO | $50,000 | Medical supplies | No |
National Rural Support Program
* Local NGO | $100,000 | Relief goods, health services | No |
Pakistan Village Development Program
* Local NGO | $60,000 | Relief goods | No |
Taraquee Foundation
* Local NGO | $60,000 | Shelter, water, education | No |
Area Development Organization
* Local NGO | $39,358 | Shelter | No |
Aman Welfare Health & Educational Society
* Local NGO | $39,358 | Shelter | No |
| Canada Fund for Local Initiatives | $1,284 | Logistics, administration | No |
| International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) | $2,000,000 | Shelter, non-food relief, health | No |
| International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) | $2,186,311 | Shelter, non-food relief, health, 12,000 winter-weighted blankets | No |
| Department of National Defence airlift | $23,647 | 12,000 winter-weighted blankets | No |
| International Organization for Migration (IOM) | $1,500,000 | Shelter, logistics | No |
| Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) | $250,000 | Coordination | No |
| UNICEF | $3,000,000 | Water/sanitation, education, health, nutrition, protection | No |
| United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) | $1,000,000 | Shelter, cooking fuel | No |
| United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | $1,000,000 | Camps for internally displaced persons (IDPs), shelter | No |
| World Food Program (WFP)/United Nations Humanitarian Air Service (UNHAS) | $9,700,000 | Helicopters, logistics | No |
| World Health Organization (WHO) | $2,250,000 | Health | No |
| Adventist Development and Relief Agency | $298,579 | Non-food items, blankets, hygiene kits, kerosene lamps | Yes |
| Aga Khan Foundation | $2,020,000 | Fuel for helicopters, non-food essentials, shelters, medical services, logistics, health, water/sanitation | Yes |
| Canadian Foodgrains Bank | $930,000 | Food aid packages (wheat flour, rice, pulses, cooking, oil, sugar) | Yes |
| Care Canada - Pakistan | $1,500,000 | Emergency tents, supplies, shelter, protection | Yes |
| Canadian Relief Foundation | $190,000 | Mobile health teams | Yes |
| Development and Peace | $800,000 | Shelter, household items improved, water/sanitation | Yes |
| Foster Parents Plan | $400,000 | Shelter, water/sanitation, child protection | Yes |
| Health Partners International | $189,845
+ $45,150 in 2006/2007 | Medicines, vaccines and medical supplies | Yes |
| International Development and Relief Foundation (IDRF) | $1,038,693 | Emergency tents and supplies, medical clinics, mobile medical teams, transport, transitional shelter | Yes |
| Oxfam | $1,493,586 | Tents, logistics, water/sanitation, hygiene | Yes |
| Primate's World Relief and Development Fund (PWRDF)(PUMAC)/Action by Churches Together (ACT) | $750,000 | Emergency tents, non-food household | Yes |
| Save the Children - India | $198,061 | Shelter, household essentials, clothing | Yes |
| Save the Children - Pakistan | $1,047,096 | Shelter, household essentials, clothing, education, child protection, psycho-social | Yes |
| World Vision | $2,800,000 | Shelter kits and non-food household essentials, shelter and household items improved, health/security | Yes |
| UNICEF | $10,500,000 | Temporary basic services for children (primary education, child protection, family reunification, care/counselling, and safe recreation) | No |
| UN Habitat | $7,000,000 | Technical assistance and training for housing reconstruction | No |
| Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) | $2,500,000 | Agricultural sector support and recovery | No |
Humanitarian Results
Many organizations supported communities
in order to restore basic services, such as the
temporary school built for these 30 primary school
students in Lammi Patti Village, Pakistan.
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The Government of Canada, through CIDA, has provided a total of $36.6M in humanitarian assistance to help hundreds of thousands of victims in the October 2005 earthquake in Pakistan. Relief sectors supported by Canadian funds include health, water and sanitation, education, shelter and non-food items, as well as child protection activities.
Canadian funding helped ensure that relief supplies reached earthquake victims, despite their location in isolated and remote mountainous areas. One NGO funded by CIDA’s South Asia Earthquake Matching Fund, the Aga Khan Foundation Canada and its local partners, supplied helicopters to transport basic necessities and emergency personnel. Many others worked with the Pakistani army, the United Nations and other multilateral organizations to deliver relief supplies by land and air. With support from CIDA, the World Food Programme—the UN agency responsible for logistics—assisted 16,000 staff from nearly 200 humanitarian agencies including UN organizations, national/international NGOs, and government officials, to travel to earthquake-affected areas, and to deliver 9,750 metric tonnes of food and non-food items by helicopter.
CIDA’s support for the earthquake relief efforts of UN and other multilateral organizations was $22.9M. Canadian funding assisted the relief efforts of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to transport 20,964 metric tonnes of tents, shelter, blankets and winterization kits to displaced persons’ camps and highland communities. The IOM also provided medical evacuation, trauma care and improved local health facilities. A Canadian working for the IOM commented that, “by the time we left [the earthquake-affected areas [of Pakistan], we knew that 12,000 people in 25 villages here had received assistance.”
The humanitarian effort of the international community in response to the earthquake was marked by a conscious and improved interagency coordination. Special efforts were taken to coordinate humanitarian organizations into sector-based “clusters” to avoid duplication, streamline the delivery of relief supplies and ensure all communities in need were reached. UN, multilateral and non-governmental agencies worked closely with the Pakistan authorities and military to ensure that gaps were addressed and needs were met.
Through the South Asia Earthquake Matching Fund, CIDA provided $13.7M to Canadian NGOs for humanitarian programming and relief initiatives. This timely financial support helped these agencies provide much-needed housing, blankets and basic necessities to earthquake victims. For example, with support from CIDA, the Action of Churches Together, a coalition of NGOs provided over 6,400 Pakistani quake-affected households with winterized shelter kits and distributed 3,668 blankets. These and other measures funded by the Matching Fund, helped quake-affected people to recover from the earthquake and survive harsh winter conditions. Key interventions in basic health services and psychosocial support were undertaken by Canadian NGOs with CIDA funding, and helped contribute to the prevention of additional deaths from disease outbreaks. Women particularly benefited from the provision of shelter and housing, because it reduced risks to their personal security.
In some cases, the relief efforts of an organization supported by the Matching Fund helped even more people than anticipated. A recipient of CIDA’s South Asia Earthquake Matching Fund, Save the Children, was able to reach seven times more children than planned in the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. Their Matching Fund programming was able to provide over 6,200 children with warm clothing.
For more details on results, please consult the Stories from the field.
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