Sediment Remediation Options for Lamèque Bay, NB

SUBMITTED TO:

Chris Morry
Oceans and Habitat Division
Fisheries and Oceans – Gulf Region
Moncton, New Brunswick

SUBMITTED BY:

B. Lee Jamieson and Graham A. Gagnon

Center for Water Resource Studies
Dalhousie University
Halifax, Nova Scotia

February 2005

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 - Introduction

1.1 - Problem Statement
1.2 - Project Objectives
1.3 - Scope of Project

2.0 - Characterization of Existing Conditions

2.1 - Site History
2.2 - Effluent Loading
2.3 - Sediment Quality

3.0 - Development of Sediment Remediation Options

3.1 - Suction Dredging

3.1.1 - Technology Description
3.1.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

3.2 - Aeration of Sediments

3.2.1 - Technology Description
3.2.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

3.3 - Aeration of Water Column

3.3.1 - Technology Description
3.3.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

3.4 - Mechanical Harvesting of Algae

3.4.1 - Technology Description
3.4.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

3.5 - Natural Attenuation

3.5.1 - Technology Description
3.5.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

3.6 - Phytoremediation and Poly-culture of Sea Lettuce and Shellfish

3.6.1 - Technology Description
3.6.2 - Suitability for Implementation at Site

4.0 - Identification of Research Gaps for Pilot Study

4.1 - Three Dimensional Hydraulic Modeling
4.2 - Water Quality
4.3 - Sediment Quality
4.4 - Marine Algae

5.0 - Evaluation Criteria and Framework

5.1 - Environmental Impact
5.2 - Legal Constraints
5.3 - Economic Factors

6.0 - Proposed Remediation Options

6.1 - Four Phase Remediation Option Assessment Approach

6.1.1 - Phase 1: Laboratory-Scale Testing
6.1.2 - Phase 2: Experiments carried out using Laboratory Model
6.1.3 - Phase 3: Field Testing/Pilot Study
6.1.4 - Phase 4: Evaluation

6.2 - Remediation Options Scenario Matrix
6.3 - ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS MONITORING PROGRAM METHODOLOGIES
6.4 - Mussel/Sea lettuce Poly-culture Long-Term Management Option

7.0 - Proposed Remediation Option Experimental Plan

7.1 - Experimental Plan and Laboratory Model
7.2 - Budget
7.3 - Schedule

8.0 - Summary

References

APPENDIX A - Gallizia, I, Vezzulli, L., and Fabiano, M. (2004) Oxygen Supply for Biostimulation of Enzymatic Activity in Organic-Rich Marine Ecosystems. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36, 1645-1652

APPENDIX B - Regenesis Oxygen Releasing Compound (ORC^®) Material Safety Data Sheet

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 – Sediment Survey Sample Results, Lamèque Bay – September 10^th, 2001 (Source: Dominator Marine Services, 2001).
Table 2 – Sediment Survey Sample Results, Lamèque Bay – July 2^nd, 2002 (Source: Dominator Marine Services, 2002)
Table 3 – Ambient Water Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Tchobanoglous and Schroeder, 1987)
Table 4 – Nutrient Water Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Tchobanoglous and Schroeder, 1987)
Table 5 – Process Effluent Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Tchobanoglous and Schroeder, 1987)
Table 6 – Physical Sediment Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Singer and Munns, 1996)
Table 7 – Chemical Sediment Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Singer and Munns, 1996)
Table 8 – Sediment Leachate Quality Data Gaps (adapted from Tchobanoglous and Schroeder, 1987)
Table 9 – Lamèque Bay Sediment Remediation Option Scenario Matrix
Table 10 – Environmental Impact Justification for Scenario 5
Table 11 – Legal Constraint Justification for Scenario 5
Table 12 – Economic Factor Justification for Scenario 5
Table 13 – Scenario 5 Laboratory Testing Budget
Table 14 – Scenario 5 Laboratory Testing Schedule

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 - Lamèque Bay, NB (Source: Roy et al., 2002).
Figure 2 – Algal bloom (Ulva lactuca) along the shores of Lamèque Bay (Source: Heike Lotze, 2004).
Figure 3 – Sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca) covering sediment at low tide (Source: Heike Lotze, 2004).
Figure 4 - Anoxic conditions at sediment water boundary layer (Source: Heike Lotze, 2004).
Figure 5 - ORC^® in its powder form (Source: www.regensis.com).
Figure 6 - Diagram of ORC^® compound (Source: www.regenesis.com).
Figure 7 - Wind Driven Aerator (Source: Eco Guide International Inc.).
Figure 8 - Diagram of Wind Driven Aerator (Source: Eco Guide International Inc.)
Figure 9 - ORC^® Sediment Treatment Bench Scale Apparatus Schematic.