Proactive disclosure Print version ![Print version Print version](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_printversion2.gif) ![ÿ](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_spacer.gif) | ![ÿ](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_spacer.gif) | ![Geoscape Canada Geoscape Canada](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/geoscape_e.jpeg) Natural Resources Canada > Earth Sciences Sector > Priorities > Geoscape Canada > Ottawa-Gatineau
Geoscape Ottawa-Gatineau Land use
Changing times, changing use
The local rivers and Rideau Canal, which provided the primary means of
transportation for settlers, fur traders, loggers, and the military,
defined the early settlement of the region. Most early settlements
were along rivers. Extensive logging in the 19th century was
followed by development of farms in the lowland areas, and mining, mainly
in the Gatineau Hills. In the 20th century, urban areas expanded
greatly at the expense of natural areas and agricultural land, so that
much of the vacant land within the urbanized area has some form of
environmental constraint. Ottawa's growth has also been shaped by
the Greenbelt, almost 20 000 hectares of publicly owned lands (farms,
forests, wetlands, institutional complexes, and recreational areas) in a
rural setting.
![](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/ottawa/images/landuse1.jpg)
![? ?](/web/20061103021330im_/http://geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca/ottawa/images/questionmark.jpg) | Did you know?... About 25% of all urban land is
dedicated to our widespread use of vehicles: parking lots, roads,
garages, driveways, and gas stations. |
Decisions can be hard!
Many of us might like to live in a home on a bluff with a
beautiful view of the valley below or perhaps on the banks of a quiet
river. Beware! Both may be hazardous. A bluff on Leda clay may
be vulnerable to landslides and the riverside home may be prone to
flooding. In Ottawa, development on clay slopes, on organic soils,
or in areas vulnerable to flooding is either prohibited or subject to
review by a geotechnical engineer.
Geology and agriculture
Soil texture, which is determined by the underlying
geological material, determines how suitable the land is for
agriculture. Nutrient-rich silt and clay soils are highly productive
as long as surface drainage is adequate. Networks of long drainage
ditches are common in these areas. Till, which has a fine-grained
matrix, is also nutrient-rich and retains moisture well. Farms on
till often have rock fences or piles built from boulders pulled from the
fields. Sandy soils may be low in nutrients and do not hold
moisture, and thus are poor agricultural soils. In the
Bourget-Plantagenet vicinity, abandoned farms on the dry sand plain of the
early Ottawa River have been returned to pine forest, now the Larose
public recreation forest.
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