A geological map is a graphic representation of selected geological features within a desired surface or subsurface area. The relative position and size of each feature on the map corresponds to its correct geographic situation according to an established scale and projection. Commonly, geological features can't be measured continuously over large areas, so their delineation is inferred or interpreted using available evidence. Surface geological features may be traceable in bedrock outcroppings (ground surveys), from air photographs (photogeological reconnaissance) and/or from satellite images. In the subsurface, geological features may be traceable in boreholes using cores, cuttings and/or geophysical logs. Geophysical surveys like those that measure the Earth's magnetic, gravity or seismic properties provide information that helps delineate geological features in the subsurface.

Geological maps describe the distribution of geological features within a landmass. Information from surface mapping is commonly used to postulate the distribution of geological features in the subsurface. The resulting hypothetical model can provide the basis for exploring the landmass in search of its resources.

Expertise in geological mapping

• Mike Cecile (Northeastern British Columbia and Mackenzie Mountains)
• Karen Fallas (Northeastern British Columbia and Mackenzie Mountains)
• Chris Harrison (Arctic Islands)
• Larry Lane (Northern Yukon and northeastern and southeastern British Columbia)
• Edward Little (Surficial materials: eastern Arctic Mainland, Baffin Island, southern Alberta, central British Columbia)
• Robert MacNaughton (Northern Cordillera)
• Margot McMechan (Southern Rocky Mountains and foothills)
• Glen Stockmal (Southern Rocky Mountain Foothills; northeastern British Columbia; western Newfoundland)

Emeritus researchers

• Don Cook (Mackenzie Mountains)
• Ulrich Mayr (Arctic Islands)