Proactive disclosure Print version ![Print version Print version](/web/20061103031553im_/http://www.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_printversion2.gif) ![ÿ](/web/20061103031553im_/http://www.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_spacer.gif) | ![ÿ](/web/20061103031553im_/http://www.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/_spacer.gif) | ![Geological Survey of Canada Geological Survey of Canada](/web/20061103031553im_/http://www.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/esst_images/gsc_e.jpeg) Natural Resources Canada > Earth Sciences Sector > Geological Survey of Canada > Pacific > Vancouver
GSC Pacific (Vancouver) Projects - Special
Title: |
Geological Time Chart |
Project Leader: |
Andrew Okulitch (GSC Vancouver) |
Description: |
These charts are intended for use in the compilations of bedrock geology at 1:1 000 000 scale for the Geological Atlas of Canada and as the temporal standard for the National Bedrock Geology Database, and will be revised regularly as new data become available. The charts incorporate dates derived primarily from stable isotopic systems in minerals extracted from strata with closely constrained paleontological ages. These tie points are in bold font and are directly referenced. Other dates are derived by interpolation and statistical analyses in compilations by Berggren et al. (1995), Gradstein et al. (1995), and Gradstein and Ogg (1996). More recently obtained tie points were used to proportionally adjust intervening ages. Unwarranted assumptions about uniform rates of sedimenation or seafloor spreading, or uniform durations of fossil zones were avoided wherever possible.
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Program: |
Consolidating Canada's Geoscience Knowledge |
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Title: |
Multinational Andean Project:Geoscience for Andean Communities (MAP:GAC) |
Project Leader: |
Catherine Hickson (GSC Vancouver) |
Description:
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The high Andean region of South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru and probably Colombia) is
physiographically a region of extremes. Mountain peaks rise to over 7000 m, snow accumulations are measured in 10s of metres and rainfall
in metres. Even the high plateau - the Puna or Altiplano, at an average elevation of 4200 m - suffers from extreme dryness, winds and cold.
Life in these regions is difficult, subsistence agriculture is the main economic activity and communities in these regions are among the
poorest in South America. Per capita income in these areas is as low as $500us dollars per year. Along with the climatic extremes, this
area is subject to natural disasters on a wide scale and scarcity of water on a local scale. Access to clean water remains a limiting
factor for development in many regions. In the last century, earthquakes, volcanoes and landslides have killed more than 200,000 people
in the participant countries, affected more than 13 million people, and caused more than 12 billion U.S. dollars in damage (Data from OFDA/CRED
International Disaster Database). Earthquakes are common and great quakes (greater than M8) are known to occur on a generational time scale.
Three of the largest historical earthquakes ever recorded were in Chile (M9.5; 1960), Ecuador (M8.8; 1906) and Argentina (M8.5; 1922).
Volcanic eruptions are frequent, disrupting and dislocating people for weeks or months, and sometimes killing people. In the last 100
years, more than 400,000 people have been affected by eruptions. Landslides and debris flows occur repeatedly in this region of steep,
unstable mountainous terrain. The 1999 landslides and floods in Venezuela killed 30,000 people, affected 600,000 people, and cost 2 billion
U.S. dollars. The worst disaster in South America in the last century was a combination of an earthquake and landslide which occurred in Ancash
Department, Peru 31 May 1970. This event killed more than 66,000 people, injured 143,000 and affected 3 million people; losses were evaluated at
$530us million dollars. Despite their disaster-prone environment, the people of the
region persevere; relocation is not a viable option, nor do the governments
have the resources to undertake such an endeavour. It is through increased
economic development, public planning processes and public education
that the lives of these people can be bettered.
To increase the quality of life for the peoples of the Andes will
take economic activity on a broad enough scale that through taxation
revenues governments can provide infrastructure and other social benefits.
In order to foster economic activity companies must feel that social
and political stability exists in order to proceed with investment.
Natural hazards and access to water form part of the complex mixture
of natural, social and political factors that influence the location
and type of investment. The availability and integration of updated
data on natural hazards, mineral resources and ground water will help
land use planning and optimize economic investment. It is expected
that the information contained in these databases will be used by
local governments in better planning of the placement of infrastructure
and community development (hazard zonation). Appropriate mitigation
strategies for large business is as important as providing information
on anthropogenic and natural hazards to individual citizens - if a
natural disaster destroys the economic base of a region the impact
will be even greater and recovery longer. This impact is especially
hard on the women and children.
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Program: |
International Projects |
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Title: |
Georgia Basin Digital Library |
Project Leader: |
Murray Journeay (GSC Vancouver) |
Description:
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The Georgia Basin Digital Library Project combines expert knowledge and considered public opinion to explore pathways to sustainability through the use of emerging digital library/semantic learning networks. This online resource helps promote a wider and deeper understanding of environmental, social and economic issues in the Georgia Basin region of western Canada, and provides a means of exploring viable pathways to sustainability.
Stewardship of shared information resources to promote scholarly research and community involvement in decision-making has traditionally been a principal role of our library systems. Libraries connect people with ideas. They are vital in their ability to manage and archive large volumes of shared information, and in their potential to stimulate new thought and, thus, to foster growth of our collective knowledge resources.
The Georgia Basin Digital Library provides a framework for understanding issues of regional sustainability through an information architecture that integrates data warehousing, principles of object-oriented data model design, geographic information systems (GIS), knowledge representation and community mapping. Concepts and their relationships (knowledge) are represented in the library through the use of semantic networks
that connect individual topics with a distributed network of geographically referenced information assets. Individuals need a familiar and understandable frame of reference in which to assess the complex interrelationships between the ecological, social and economic systems of which they are a part. This framework (a shared sense of place) is a necessary step toward developing a meaningful understanding of what sustainability
may mean in the context of a region or community, and for making informed decisions about a collective future.
Led by the Sustainable Development Research Institute (SDRI) at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and
with support from the Network Centre of Excellence in Geomatics, GEOIDE, and the Earth Sciences Sector of Natural
Resources Canada, this two-year research project was completed in September 2002.
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Program: |
Sustainable Development Through Knowledge Integration |
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Title: |
CORDLink |
Project Leader: |
Murray Journeay (GSC Vancouver) |
Description:
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CORDLink is a prototype digital library for geoscience information of the Canadian Cordillera.
The technical structure that underlies the library resource and determines its functionality is contained in a relational database system based on the United States Geological Survey/American Association of State Geologists/Geological Survey of Canada digital geological map data model design (NADM, http://ncgmp.usgs.gov/ngmdbproject). The library accesses data in a distributed network environment.
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Program: |
Consolidation Canada's Geoscience Knowledge |
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