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Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation: A Canadian Perspective
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 Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
Natural Resources Canada > Earth Sciences Sector > Priorities > Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation > Canadian Perspective
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation: A Canadian Perspective
References

Transportation Table of Contents Impacts on Transportation Infrastructure Previous Work Introduction Impacts on Transportation Operations Adaptation in the Transportation Sector Knowledge Gaps and Research Needs Conclusion References

Citations in bold denote reports of research supported by the Government of Canada's Climate Change Action Fund.

  1. Transport Canada (2002): What we do; Transport Canada, available on-line.
  2. Transport Canada (2001a): Transportation in Canada 2001; Transport Canada, Annual Report, available on-line.
  3. Transport Canada (2000): Transportation in Canada 2000; Transport Canada, Annual Report.
  4. Transport Canada (2001b): Sustainable development strategy 2001-2003; Transport Canada, available on-line.
  5. Richardson, S. (1996): Valuation of the Canadian road and highway system; Transport Canada, TP 1279E, 20 p.
  6. World Economic Forum (2001): The Global competitiveness report 2001-2002, World Economic Forum 2001; executive opinion survey produced in collaboration with Center for International Development at Harvard University and Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Harvard Business School, CD-ROM.
  7. Environment Canada (2002): CO2/climate report, fall 2002; Environment Canada, Meteorological Service of Canada, Science Assessment and Integration Branch, p.2.
  8. McCulloch, M.M., Forbes, D.L. and Shaw, R.W. (2002): Coastal impacts of climate change and sea-level rise on Prince Edward Island; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 4261, 62 p. and 11 supporting documents.
  9. Canadian Press (2000): Carnage alley needs photo radar; Kitchener-Waterloo Record, June 30, p. A3.
  10. Ross, J. (1999): Fast-spreading forest fires race through northwestern Ontario; The Globe & Mail, May 5, 1999, p. A1.
  11. Kerry, M., Kelk, G., Etkin, D., Burton, I. and Kalhok, S. (1999): Glazed over: Canada copes with the ice storm of 1998; Environment, v. 41, p. 6-11, 28-33.
  12. Paul, A. and Sanders, C. (2002): Melting ice roads pose Manitoba supplies emergency; The Edmonton Journal, January 14, 2002, p. A5.
  13. Transportation Safety Board (1997): Report number A97H0011; available on-line.
  14. Pan Pacific Communications Inc. (1997): The impact of storm 96 on environmental, social and economic conditions; report prepared for Environment Canada by Pan Pacific Communications Inc., Vancouver.
  15. Houghton, J.T., Ding, Y., Griggs, D.J., Noguer, M., van der Linden, P.J., Da, X., Maskell, K. and Johnson, C.A., editors (2001): Climate change 2001: the scientific basis; contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, available on-line.
  16. Mills, B. and Andrey, J. (in press): Climate change and transportation: potential interactions and impacts; in The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Transportation, proceedings of a workshop held October 1-2, 2002 at the Brookings Institution,Washington, D.C., United States Department of Transportation.
  17. Andrey, J. and Snow, A. (1998): Transportation sector; in Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptations, Volume VII, National Sectoral Volume, Chapter 8, Environment Canada, p. 405-447.
  18. United States Department of Transportation (in press): The potential impacts of climate change on transportation, proceedings of a workshop held October 1-2, 2002 at the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., United States Department of Transportation, Center for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting.
  19. Queensland Transport (undated): The effect of climate change on transport infrastructure in regional Queensland; synthesis report prepared for Queensland Transport by CSIRO Atmospheric Research and PPK Infrastructure & Environment Pty. Ltd., 18 p.
  20. IBI Group (1990): The implications of long-term climatic changes on transportation in Canada; Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, Climate Change Digest, CCD90-02.
  21. Zhang, X., Vincent, L.A., Hogg, W.D. and Niitsoo, A. (2000): Temperature and precipitation trends in Canada during the 20th century; Atmosphere-Ocean, v. 38, p. 395-429.
  22. Andrey, J., Mills, B., Jones, B., Haas R. and Hamlin W. (1999): Adaptation to climate change in the Canadian transportation sector; report submitted to Natural Resources Canada, Adaptation Liaison Office, Ottawa.
  23. Nix, F.P., Boucher, M. and Hutchinson, B. (1992): Road costs; in Directions: The Final Report of the Royal Commission on National Passenger Transportation, v. 4, p. 1014.
  24. Haas, R., Li, N. and Tighe, S. (1999): Roughness trends at C-SHRP LTPP sites; Roads and Transportation Association of Canada, Ottawa, final project report, 97 p.
  25. Bellisario, L., Auld, H., Bonsal, B., Geast, M., Gough, W., Klaassen, J., Lacroix, J., Maarouf, A., Mulyar, N., Smoyer-Tomic, K. and Vincent, L. (2001): Assessment of urban climate and weather extremes in Canada-temperature analyses; final report submitted to Emergency Preparedness Canada, Ottawa.
  26. Associated Press (2002): Dozens hurt in U.S. train derailment; Toronto Star, July 30, 2002.
  27. Smith, S.L., Burgess, M.M. and Heginbottom, J.A. (2001): Permafrost in Canada, a challenge to northern development; in A Synthesis of Geological Hazards in Canada, (ed.) G.R. Brooks, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 548, p. 241-264.
  28. Bruce, J., Burton, I., Martin, H., Mills, B. and Mortsch, L. (2000): Water sector: vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, final report; Global Change Strategies International Inc. and Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 141 p.
  29. Alberta Department of Transportation and Utilities (1998): 1997-1998 Annual Report; Alberta Department of Transportation and Utilities.
  30. Evans, S.G. (2002): Climate change and geomorphological hazards in the Canadian cordillera: the anatomy of impacts and some tools for adaptation, scientific report 1999-2000-summary of activities and results; report prepared for the Climate Change Action Fund, Natural Resources Canada.
  31. Andrey, J. and Mills, B. (in press): Climate change and the Canadian transportation system: vulnerabilities and adaptations; in Weather and Road Transportation, (ed.) J. Andrey and C.K. Knapper, University of Waterloo, Department of Geography Publication Series, Monograph 55.
  32. Evans, S.G. and Clague, J.J. (1997): The impacts of climate change on catastrophic geomorphic processes in the mountains of British Columbia, Yukon and Alberta; in Responding to Global Climate Change in British Columbia and Yukon, Volume 1, Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptation, (ed.) E. Taylor and B. Taylor, British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks and Environment Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia, p. 7-1 and 7-16.
  33. Natural Resources Canada (2002): Landslides and snow avalanches in Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Terrain Sciences Division, available on-line.
  34. Brennan, D., Akpan, U., Konuk, I. and Zebrowski, A. (2001): Random field modelling of rainfall induced soil movement; report prepared for the Climate Change Action Fund, Natural Resources Canada, 85 p.
  35. Kharin, V.V. and Zwiers, F.W. (2000): Changes in extremes in an ensemble of transient climate simulations with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM; Journal of Climate, v. 13, p. 3760-3788.
  36. Bruce, J.P., Burton, I., Egener, I.D.M. and Thelen, J. (1999): Municipal risks assessment: investigation of the potential impacts and adaptation measures envisioned as a result of climate change; report prepared by Global Change Strategies International Inc., Ottawa for the Municipalities Issues Table, National Climate Change Process.
  37. Smith, J., Lavender, B., Auld, H., Broadhurst D. and Bullock T. (1998a): Adapting to climate variability and change in Ontario; in Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptation, Volume IV, Environment Canada, 117 p.
  38. Auld, H. (1999): Adaptation to the impacts of atmospheric change on the economy and infrastructure of the Toronto-Niagara region; in Atmospheric Change in the Toronto-Niagara Region: Towards an Integrated Understanding of Science, Impacts and Responses (proceedings of a workshop held May 27-28, 1998, University of Toronto), (ed.) B.N. Mills and L. Craig, Environmental Adaptation Research Group, Waterloo, Ontario, p. 103-121.
  39. Jones, B. (in press): The cost of safety and mobility in Canada: winter road maintenance; in Weather and Road Transportation, (ed.) J. Andrey and C.K. Knapper, University of Waterloo, Department of Geography Publication Series, Monograph 55.
  40. Morin, D. and M. Perchanok (in press): Road salt use in Canada; in Weather and Road Transportation, (ed.) J. Andrey and C.K. Knapper, University of Waterloo, Department of Geography Publication Series, Monograph 55.
  41. Cornford, D. and Thornes, J.E. (1996): A comparison between spatial winter indices and expenditures on winter road maintenance in Scotland; International Journal of Climatology, v. 16, p. 339-357.
  42. Andrey, J., Li, J. and Mills, B. (2001): A winter index for benchmarking winter road maintenance operations on Ontario highways; Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 80th Annual Meeting, January 7-11, 2001, Washington, D.C., preprint CD-ROM
  43. Mills, B., Suggett, J. and Wenger, L. (in press): You and who's army: a review of the January 1999 Toronto snow emergency; in Weather and Road Transportation, (ed.) J. Andrey and C.K. Knapper, University of Waterloo, Department of Geography Publication Series, Monograph 55.
  44. (Thornes, J.E. (1997): Transport systems; in Applied Climatology: Principles and Practice, (ed.) R.D. Thompson and A. Perry, Routledge, New York. p. 202.
  45. Maxwell, B. (1997): Responding to global climate change in Canada's Arctic; Volume II of the Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptation, Environment Canada, 82 p.
  46. Falkingham, J. (2002): The ice evidence; Northern Perspectives, v. 27, no. 2, p. 2.
  47. Brigham, L. (2002): The polar highway; Northern Perspectives; v.27, no. 2, p. 5.
  48. Huebert, R. (2002): On guard for thee? Preparing for a navigable NW Passage? Northern Perspectives, v. 27, no. 2, p. 4-5.
  49. Jackson, D. (2001): The effect of global climate change on Canadian Coast Guard operations in the Canadian Arctic; in A common approach to collaborative technology research for Arctic development, Brussels, Belgium, October 24-27, 2001.
  50. Shaw, J., Taylor, R.B., Forbes, D.L., Ruz, H.H. and Solomon, S. (1998): Sensitivity of the coasts of Canada to sea-level rise; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 505, 79p.
  51. Wartman, D. (2000): Climate change impacts on Atlantic Canada; in Proceedings of the New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers Conference-Climate Change: New Directions for the Northeast, March 30, 2001, Fredericton, New Brunswick.
  52. Hamlin, W. (1999): Impacts of climate change on aviation in Canada; University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, draft report.
  53. Pisano, P. and Goodwin, L.C. (2002): Surface transportation weather applications; report prepared by Federal Highway Administration Office of Transportation Operations in cooperation with Mitretek Systems Inc.
  54. Mortsch, L.D., Hengeveld, H., Lister, M., Lofgren, B., Quinn, F., Slivitzky, M. and Wenger, L. (2000a): Climate change impacts on the hydrology of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence system; Canadian Water Resources Journal, v. 25, no. 2, p. 153-179.
  55. National Assessment Synthesis Team (2001): Climate change impacts on the United States: the potential consequences of climate variability and change; report prepared for the United States Global Change Research Program, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 620 p.
  56. Bergeron, L. (1995): Les niveau extrêmes d'eau dans le Saint-Laurent: ses consequences économiques et l'influence des facteurs climatiques; rapport présenté à Environment Canada, Services scientifiques, Direction de l'environnmement atmosphérique, Région du Québec, 70 p.
  57. Millerd, F. (1996): The impact of water level changes on commercial navigation in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River; Canadian Journal of Regional Science, v. 19, no. 1, p. 119-130.
  58. Lindeberg, J.D. and Albercook, G.M. (2000): Climate change and Great Lakes shipping/boating; in Preparing for a Changing Climate-Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, Great Lakes, (ed.) P. Sousounis and J.M. Bisanz, prepared for the United States Global Change Research Program, p.39-42.
  59. The St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation and Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (2001): 2001 St. Lawrence Seaway navigation season draws to a close, capping difficult year; The St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation and Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation.
  60. Richardson, B. (2001): Version IX-this is the week that was; United Rail Passenger Alliance, 'An Ongoing Saga of Passenger Rail' newsletter, July 6, 2001.
  61. Titus, J.G. (1992): The costs of climate change to the United States; in Global Climate Change: Implications, Challenges and Mitigation Measures, (ed.) S.K. Majumdar, L.S. Kalkstein, B. Yarnal, E.W. Miller and L.M. Rosenfeld, Philadelphia, p. 385-409.
  62. Transportation Safety Board (2002): Statistics: annual safety and incident information for air, marine and rail modes; Transportation Safety Board, available on-line.
  63. Andrey, J., Mills, B., Leahy, M. and Suggett, J. (2003): Weather as a chronic hazard for road transportation in Canadian cities; Natural Hazards, v. 28, no. 2, p. 319-343.
  64. Ouimet, M., Blais, E., Vigeant, G. and Milton, J. (2001): The effects of weather on crime, car accidents and suicides; report prepared for the Climate Change Action Fund, Natural Resources Canada, 91 p.
  65. Rothman, D.S., Demeritt, D., Chiotti, Q. and Burton, I. (1998): Costing climate change: the economics of adaptations and residual impacts for Canada; in Canada Country Study: Climate Impacts and Adaptation, Volume VIII: National Cross-Cutting Issues Volume, (ed.) N. Mayer and W. Avis, Environment Canada, p. 1-29.
  66. Smith, J.B., Tol, R.S.J., Ragland, S. and Fankhauser, S. (1998b): Proactive adaptation to climate change: three case studies on infrastructure investments; Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IVM-D98/03, 14 p.
  67. Touchdown Enterprises Ltd. (2002): Portable helipads.
  68. Wright, J.F., Duchesne, C., Nixon, M. and Côté, M. (2002): Ground thermal modeling in support of terrain evaluation and route selection in the Mackenzie River valley; report prepared for the Climate Change Action Fund, Natural Resources Canada, 53 p.
  69. Schwartz, R. (2001): A GIS approach to modelling potential climate change impacts on the Lake Huron shoreline; M.E.S. thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario.
  70. Mortsch, L. D., Lister, M., Lofgren, B., Quinn, F., and Wenger, L. (2000b): Climate change impacts on hydrology, water resources management and the people of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence system: a technical survey; prepared for the International Joint Commission Reference on Consumption, Diversions and Removals of Great Lakes Water.
  71. Ontario Ministry of Transportation (2002): Road salt management: keeping Ontario's roads safe in winter; available on-line.
  72. Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway System (2002): AIS Project; available on-line.
  73. Better Environmentally Sound Transportation (2002): History and Vision; available on-line.
  74. McCarthy, J.J., Osvaldo F., Canziani, N., Leary, A., Dokken D.J and. White K.S., editors (2001): Climate change 2001: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability; contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
  75. United States Department of Transportation (1998): Transportation and global climate change: a review and analysis of the literature; United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.
  76. National Climate Change Secretariat (1999): Transportation and climate change: options for action; National Climate Change Process, available on-line.

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