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Natural Resources Canada > Earth Sciences Sector > Publishing Services > Editorial/Digital Design
GSC Guide to Authors References list
Introduction
This section follows the main body of the text.
Each publication in this list is referred to and cited at least once in the
text.
Order in References list
References are arranged in alphabetical order by author and then by year for
each author, or series of authors. References with two authors are listed alphabetically,
first by the main author, and then by the second author. References with three
or more authors are listed alphabetically, first by the main author, then by
the second author, and finally by the third and subsequent authors.
Where several 'et al.' references are used in the text and all belong to the
same year but have different author combinations, they are to be listed alphabetically
and labelled 'a, b, c' in the References list, and identified accordingly in
the text as 'et al., a, b, c'.
Where more than two authors are listed in a reference, a comma should be placed
before the 'and':
| Fulton, R.J. |
| 1986a: |
Surficial geology, Red Wine River, Labrador, Newfoundland;
Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1621A, scale 1:500 000. |
| 1986b: |
Surficial geology, Cartwright, Labrador, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 1620A, scale 1:500 000. |
| Fulton, R.J. and Hodgson, D.A. |
| 1979: |
Wisconsin glacial retreat, southern Labrador; in
Current Research, Part C; Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 79-1C, p. 17–21. |
| 1980: |
Surficial materials, Goose Bay, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 22-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| Fulton, R.J. and Smith, G.W. |
| 1978: |
Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of south-central British Columbia;
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 971–980. |
| Fulton, R.J., Hodgson, D.A., and Minning,
G.V. |
| 1979: |
Surficial materials, Lac Brûlé, Newfoundland-Quebec;
Geological Survey of Canada, Map 1-1978, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1980a: |
Surficial materials, Rigolet, Newfoundland; Geological Survey
of Canada, Map 26-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1980b: |
Surficial materials, Groswater Bay, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 25-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1980c: |
Surficial materials, Lake Melville, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 23-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1980d: |
Surficial materials, Cartwright, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 24-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1981a: |
Surficial materials, Ossokmanuan, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 29-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1981b: |
Surficial materials, Minipi Lake, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 1531A, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1981c: |
Surficial materials, upper Eagle River, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 20-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| Fulton, R.J., Hodgson, D.A., Minning, G.V.,
and Thomas, R.D. |
| 1980e: |
Surficial materials, Kasheshibaw Lake, Newfoundland-Quebec;
Geological Survey of Canada, Map 28-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| 1980f: |
Surficial materials, Snegamook Lake, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 27-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| Fulton, R.J., Hodgson, D.A., Thomas, R.D.,
and Minning, G.V. |
| 1981d: |
Surficial materials, Winokapau Lake, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 21-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
| Fulton, R.J., Minning, G.V., and Hodgson,
D.A. |
| 1981e: |
Surficial materials, Battle Harbour, Newfoundland; Geological
Survey of Canada, Map 19-1979, scale 1:250 000. |
Names that start with 'St.' or 'St-' 'Mac' and 'Mc', should be listed alphabetically:
| Macnab, R., Verhoef, J., and
Srivastava, S.P. |
| 1990: |
A compilation of magnetic data from the Arctic
and North Atlantic oceans; in Current Research, Part D; Geological
Survey of Canada, Paper 90-1D, p. 1–9. |
| McCracken, A.D. |
| 1991: |
Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Cordilleran
Road River Group, northern Yukon Territory, Canada; in Ordovician
to Triassic Conodont Paleontology of the Canadian Cordillera, (ed.) M.J.
Orchard and A.D. McCracken; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 417,
p. 41–63. |
| Seguin, M.K. |
| 1978: |
Paleomagnetism of Cambrian volcanics in the
Quebec Appalachians; Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, v. 18, p. 218–224. |
| St-Julien, P., Slivitsky,
A., and Feininger, T. |
| 1983: |
A deep structural profile across the Appalachians
of southern Quebec; Geological Society of America, Memoir 158, p. 103–112. |
| St-Onge, D.A. |
| 1969: |
Nivation landforms; Geological Survey of Canada,
Paper 69-30, 12 p. |
References using 'Jr.':
| Clague, J.J., Harper, J.,
Jr., Hebda, R.J., and Howes, D.E. |
| 1982: |
Late Quaternary sea levels and crustal movements,
coastal British Columbia; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 19,
no. 6, p. 597–618. |
| Jackson, L.E., Jr. and Pawson,
M. |
| 1984: |
Alberta radiocarbon dates; Geological Survey
of Canada, Paper 83-25, 27 p. |
Imprint date
To some authors, the date of issue of a publication is more important than
the claimed date of publication (imprint date). Paleontologists are especially
concerned about the differences between these two dates, because in naming new
species, they are governed by Article 21 of the International Code of Zoological
Nomenclature. This Article states that if the imprint date is known to be incorrect,
then the earliest day on which the publication was available is to be adopted
as the date of publication.
In the following example from the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,
the imprint date of the volume number is December 1988, but the journal published
the actual dates of issue in the following April number and gave the issue date
as being 01 March 1989. Thus the two new species described by Lenz, and the
citation, are dated 1989, not 1988:
| Lenz, A.C. |
| 1989: |
Upper Llandovery and Wenlock graptolites from
Prairie Creek, southern Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories; Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 25, no. 4, p. 1955–1971
(imprint date 1988). |
Language of reference
In the References list in a manuscript written in English, the reference is
written in English even if the publication being referenced is French. The word
'and' is used both in the citation in the text (e.g. Dionne and Laverdière (1969))
and in the list of authors in the references list.
Note both upper and lower case letters bear diacritical marks where appropriate.
| Bouchard, M.A. and Martineau,
G. |
| 1984: |
Les aspects régionaux de la dispersion
glaciaire, Chibougamau, Québec; in Chibougamau-Stratigraphy
and Mineralization, (ed.) J. Guha and E.H. Chown; Canadian Institute
of Mining and Metallurgy, Special Volume 34, p. 431–441. |
| Dionne, J.-C. |
| 1977: |
La mer de Goldthwait au Québec; Géographie
physique et Quaternaire, vol. 31, p. 61–80. |
| Dionne, J.-C. and Laverdière,
C. |
| 1969: |
Sites fossilifères du golfe de Laflamme;
Revue de géographie de Montréal, vol. 23, p. 259–270. |
In the References list, do not translate the names of journals or other publications
unless the name of the publication or journal exists in both official languages:
| Dionne, J.-C. |
| 1974: |
The eastward transport of erratics in James
Bay area, Québec; Revue de géographie de Montréal, v. 28,
p. 453–457. |
| Dyke, A.S., Dredge, L.A.,
and Vincent, J.S. |
| 1982: |
Configuration of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during
the Late Wisconsin maximum; Géographie physique et Quaternaire, v. 36,
p. 5–14. |
| Gross, G.A. |
| 1993: |
Iron-formation metallogeny and facies relationships
in stratafer sediments; in Proceedings of the Eighth Quadrennial
International Association on the Genesis of Ore Deposits Symposium; E.
Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nagele u. Obermiller), D-7000
Stuttgart 1, p. 541–550. |
| Michailidis, K. |
| 1989: |
Gold chemistry from the Gallikos River placer
deposits, Central Macedonia, Greece; Chemie der Erde, v. 49, p. 95–103. |
| St-Onge, D.A. and Bruneau, H.C. |
| 1982: |
Dépôts meubles du secteur aval de la
rivière Coppermine, Territoires du Nord-Ouest; in Recherches en cours,
partie B; Commission géologique du Canada, étude 82-1B, p. 51–55. |
| Von Damm, K.L., Edmond, J.M.,
Measures, C.I., and Grant, B. |
| 1985: |
Chemistry of submarine hydrothermal solutions
at Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California; Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,
v. 49, p. 2221–2237. |
Where its original language is not in the Roman alphabet, the reference should
be given in translation, and the original language noted:
| Ma, G., Lee, H., and Xue,
X. |
| 1980: |
Isotopic ages of the Sinian in the east Yangtze
gorges with a discussion on the Sinian geochronological scale of China;
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Bulletin, ser. 7, v. 1, p. 39–55
(in Chinese, English summary). |
For references in cyrillic, the title is to be translated and the journal reference
transliterated:
| Sorokina, N.L. |
| 1966: |
New species of Upper Devonian spores from the
Dniepr-Donets Basin; Geologichnii Zhurnal, v. 26, p. 49–63
(in Ukrainian). |
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