If engineering controls and work practices are not effective in controlling exposure to this material, then wear suitable personal protection equipment including approved respiratory protection. Have appropriate equipment available for use in emergencies such as spills or fire.

If respiratory protection is required, institute a complete respiratory protection program including selection, fit testing, training, maintenance and inspection. Refer to the CSA Standard Z94.4-93, "Selection, Use and Care of Respirators", available from the Canadian Standards Association, Rexdale, Ontario, M9W 1R3.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION GUIDELINES:

NIOSH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AMMONIA CONCENTRATIONS IN AIR:

UP TO 250 ppm: Chemical cartridge respirator with cartridge(s) to protect against ammonia; or SAR.

UP TO 300 ppm: SAR operated in a continuous-flow mode; or powered air-purifying respirator with cartridge(s) to protect against ammonia; or full-facepiece chemical cartridge respirator with cartridge(s) to protect against ammonia; or gas mask with canister to protect against ammonia; or full-facepiece SCBA; or full-facepiece SAR.

EMERGENCY OR PLANNED ENTRY INTO UNKNOWN CONCENTRATIONS OR IDLH CONDITIONS:

Positive pressure, full-facepiece SCBA; or positive pressure, full-facepiece SAR with an auxiliary positive pressure SCBA.

ESCAPE: Gas mask with canister to protect against ammonia; or escape-type SCBA.

NOTE: Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection.

NOTE: The IDLH concentration for ammonia is 300 ppm. The purpose of establishing an IDLH value is to ensure that the worker can escape from a given contaminated environment in the event of failure of the most protective respiratory protection equipment. In the event of failure of respiratory protective equipment every effort should be made to exit immediately.

Air-purifying respirators do not protect against oxygen-deficient atmospheres. Recommendations apply only to NIOSH approved respirators. The respirator use limitations specified by the approving agency and the manufacturer must be observed.

ABBREVIATIONS: SAR = supplied-air respirator; SCBA = self-contained breathing apparatus; IDLH = Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health.

Chemical safety goggles. A face shield may be necessary.

Chemical protective gloves, coveralls, boots, and/or other resistant protective clothing. An chemical resistant full-body encapsulating suit and respiratory protection may be required in some operations.

Have a safety shower/eye-wash fountain readily available in the immediate work area.

RECOMMENDED (resistance to breakthrough longer than 8 hours): Butyl rubber, Teflon (TM), Viton (TM), Responder (TM), Trellchem HPS (TM), Tychem 10000 (TM).

RECOMMENDED (resistance to breakthrough longer than 4 hours): Nitrile rubber. CAUTION, use for short periods only (resistance to breakthrough within 1 to 4 hours): Neoprene.

NOT RECOMMENDED for use (resistance to breakthrough less than 1 hour): Polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, Saranex (TM), Natural rubber, Barricade, CPF 3 (TM).

Recommendations are NOT valid for very thin Natural rubber, Neoprene, Nitrile and PVC gloves (0.3 mm or less).

Recommendations are valid for permeation rates reaching 0.1 µg/cm²/min or 1 mg/m²/min and over. Resistance of specific materials can vary from product to product. Breakthrough times are obtained under conditions of continuous contact, generally at room temperature. Evaluate resistance under conditions of use and maintain clothing carefully.

Reference: Forsberg, K., et al. Quick selection guide to chemical protective clothing. 3rd edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1997.

Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Keep contaminated clothing in closed containers. Discard or launder before rewearing. Inform laundry personnel of contaminant's hazards.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas. Maintain good housekeeping.