TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE (TLV-TWA): (1 mg/m³)* - Carcinogenicity Designation A2*

SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT (TLV-STEL) : 3 mg/m³ - Carcinogenicity Designation A2*

TLV BASIS - CRITICAL EFFECT(S) : Irritation; Cancer (lung)

*NOTICE OF INTENDED CHANGE: A decrease of the TLV-TWA to 0.1 mg/m³ is proposed. The proposed TLV Basis - Critical Effects are Mucostatis (reduced mucous clearance) and Lung function.

The A2 Carcinogenicity Designation refers to sulfuric acid contained in strong inorganic acid mists.

CARCINOGENICITY DESIGNATION A2 - Suspected Human Carcinogen: Substance is carcinogenic in laboratory animals under conditions that are considered relevant to worker exposure. Available human studies are conflicting or insufficient to confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed humans. Worker exposure to an A2 carcinogen should be controlled to levels as low as reasonably achievable below the TLV.

NOTE: In many jurisdictions, exposure limits are similar to the ACGIH TLVs. Since the manner in which exposure limits are established, interpreted, and implemented can vary, obtain detailed information from the appropriate government agency in each jurisdiction.

Sulfuric acid is not combustible. However, fire may result from the heat generated by contact of concentrated sulfuric acid with combustible materials. Sulfuric acid reacts with most metals, especially when diluted with water, to produce highly flammable hydrogen gas, that may explode if ignited. It reacts violently with water and organic materials with the evolution of heat. During a fire, irritating/toxic sulfur oxides may be generated. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire.

Stable at normal temperatures. Decomposes at 340 deg C into sulfur trioxide and water.

Water, heat

A value of greater than 1 mg/m³ has been reported. Irritation has been experienced between 1 and 3 mg/m³.

POOR - odour threshold is above the TLV. Irritation experienced at or above TLV. Tolerance can occur.

This material is a CORROSIVE and VERY TOXIC liquid. Before handling, it is important that engineering controls are operating and that protective equipment requirements and personal hygiene measures are being followed.

People working with this chemical should be properly trained regarding its hazards and its safe use.

Unprotected persons should avoid all contact with this chemical including contaminated equipment.

Immediately report leaks, spills or ventilation failures.

Avoid generating vapours or mists. Prevent the release of vapours or mists into the air. Use the smallest possible amounts in an area separate from the storage area. When handling large quantities, closed handling systems should be used.

This material is highly reactive. Prevent accidental contact with water.

Do not use with incompatible materials such as alkali solutions, carbides, chlorates and nitrates. Never return contaminated material to its original container.

Never add water to a corrosive. Always add corrosives to water. When mixing with water, stir small amounts in slowly. Use cold water to prevent excessive heat generation.

Inspect containers for leaks before handling. Secondary protective containers must be used when this material is being carried. Label containers. Avoid damaging containers. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. Assume that empty containers contain residues which are hazardous. Use corrosion-resistant transfer equipment when dispensing.

Whenever possible, use self- closing, portable containers for dispensing small amounts of this material. Never transfer liquid by pressurizing original container with air or inert gas.

Follow chemical manufacturer's/supplier's advice regarding venting of drums. Immediately contact the chemical manufacturer/supplier for handling instructions if drums of this material appear to be swollen.

Follow handling precautions on Material Safety Data Sheet. Have suitable emergency equipment for fires, spills and leaks readily available. Practice good housekeeping. Maintain handling equipment. Comply with applicable regulations.

Engineering methods to control hazardous conditions are preferred. Methods include mechanical ventilation (dilution and local exhaust), process or personnel enclosure, control of process conditions, and process modification (e.g. substitution of a less hazardous material).

Because of the high potential hazard associated with this substance, stringent control measures such as enclosure or isolation may be necessary to control mists.

Use a corrosion-resistant local exhaust ventilation system separate from other exhaust ventilation systems. Cleaning of contaminated exhaust air before release to the outdoors may be necessary. Supply sufficient replacement air to make up for air removed by exhaust systems.