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CANADA TRANSPORTATION ACTCanadian Transportation Agency General RulesSOR/2005-35
Definitions 1. The definitions in this section apply in these Rules. "Act" "Act" means the Canada Transportation Act.
"address" « adresse » "address" includes an address for electronic transmission.
"affidavit" « affidavit » "affidavit" means a written statement confirmed by oath or a solemn affirmation.
"application" « demande » "application" means an application, made to the Agency, that commences a proceeding under the Act, any Regulations made under the Act or any other Act of Parliament under which the Agency has authority, and includes a complaint, an application under section 3 of the Railway Relocation and Crossing Act, an appeal under subsection 42(1) of the Civil Air Navigation Services Commercialization Act, a reference under sections 16 and 26 of the Railway Safety Act and a notice of objection under section 34 of the Pilotage Act.
"Authority" « administration de pilotage » "Authority" means a Pilotage Authority established by section 3 of the Pilotage Act.
"complaint" « plainte » "complaint" means a complaint made to the Agency that alleges anything to have been done or omitted to have been done in contravention of the Act, any Regulations made under the Act or any other Act of Parliament under which the Agency has authority, and includes
"day" « jour » "day" means a period of 24 hours between 00:00 and 24:00.
"decision" « décision » "decision" includes any ruling, leave, sanction, approval and other determination that the Agency has the authority to make.
"document" « document » "document" includes any correspondence, memorandum, book, plan, map, drawing, diagram, pictorial or graphic work, photograph, film, microform, sound recording, videotape, machine readable record and any other recorded material, regardless of its physical form or characteristics, and any copy of it.
"electronic transmission" « transmission électronique » "electronic transmission" includes the communication by facsimile, electronic mail or any other electronic means by which parties can communicate.
"holiday" « jour férié » "holiday" includes a Saturday and any day defined as a holiday in subsection 35(1) of the Interpretation Act.
"interested person" « personne intéressée » "interested person" means a person who has filed a submission under section 46.
"intervener" « intervenant » "intervener" means a person who has filed an intervention under subsection 43(2) or 74(2) and whose intervention has not been refused by the Agency.
"objector" « opposant » objector" means a person who has filed a notice of objection under subsection 34(2) of the Pilotage Act.
"party" « partie » "party" means an applicant, a respondent, an intervener, a complainant, an appellant, an Authority or an objector.
"person to be served" or "person served" « personne signifiée » "person to be served" or "person served" includes a person's representative.
"pleading" « acte de procédure » "pleading" means a document in which a proceeding is commenced, defined, supported, objected to or answered, and includes an application, answer, intervention or reply.
"proceeding" « instance » "proceeding" includes an inquiry, complaint, investigation, appeal, objection and any other matter commenced by application to the Agency, but does not include a matter submitted to the Agency for final offer arbitration under subsection 161(1) of the Act.
"Secretary" « secrétaire » "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Agency or, in the absence of the Secretary, the person assigned by the Chairperson to act in the Secretary's absence.
"working day" « jour ouvrable » "working day", in respect of the filing of a document with the Agency at its head office or a regional office, means a day on which offices of the Public Service of Canada are normally open in the province where the head office or regional office is situated.
PART 1RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION Application of This Part 2. Except when otherwise provided in these Rules, this Part applies in respect of all proceedings before the Agency.
Powers of Agency Discretionary powers 3. (1) When the Agency is given a discretion under these Rules, it shall exercise the discretion in a fair and expeditious manner. (2) The Agency may, with or without notice,
4. In any proceeding, the Agency may dispense with or vary any of the provisions of these Rules. 5. In any proceeding, the Agency may extend or abridge the time limits set by these Rules, or otherwise set by the Agency, either before or after the expiry of the time limits. 6. The Agency may combine two or more proceedings in order to provide for a more expeditious process, as the circumstances and considerations of fairness permit. 7. Failing to follow a requirement of these Rules does not, of itself, make a proceeding invalid, and the Agency may make all necessary amendments or grant other relief on any terms that will secure the just determination of the real matters in dispute or dispense with compliance with any rule at any time. Computation of Time Interpretation Act 8. (1) Subject to subsections (2)
and (3), the computation of time under these Rules, or under an order of the
Agency, is governed by sections 26 (2) If a period of less than seven days is provided for in these Rules or fixed by an order of the Agency, a day that is a holiday shall not be included in computing the period. (3) Any reference to a number of days for the doing of a thing is a reference to calendar days. Communicating with the Agency 9. To communicate with the Agency, a party must contact the Secretary. Documents Filing and Service of Documents 10. If a person is required to both file a document with the Agency and serve a copy of the document on one or more parties, the filing and service shall be effected on the same day. 11. (1) Subject to subsection (2), a document shall be filed with the Agency by forwarding it to the Secretary in accordance with this section. (2) Any document required to be filed during the course of an oral hearing may be filed with the registrar who is present at the hearing. (3) Subject to subsection (4) and 57(3), documents shall be filed or served by hand delivery, regular or registered mail, courier or by other means of written communication, or by electronic transmission if the Agency or the person served has the necessary facilities for receiving documents in that manner. (4) During the course of an oral hearing, service of any document may be effected by making a copy of the document available to each party present at the hearing and to any other person who requests a copy of the document. (5) A document filed or served by means of electronic transmission shall include the following information:
(6) If a person files or serves a document by electronic transmission, the Agency may require the person to provide the Agency or the person served, as the case may be, with the original document. (7) Subject to subsections (8) to (10), the filing or service of any document is effected when the document is received by the Agency or the person to be served. (8) The filing or service of a document by regular or registered mail is effected on the postmark date appearing on the envelope containing the document. (9) The filing or service of a document by electronic transmission is effected on the date of its transmission, except if
(10) A document received by the Agency or served on a party on a holiday or after 17:00, local time, on a working day, is considered to be filed or served on the next working day. (11) If a person is required to serve a document on more than one party, service on each party shall be effected on the same day. (12) Without delay after service of a document, proof of its service shall be filed with the Agency that identifies the document and the person served and establishes, to the satisfaction of the Agency, the manner and time of service. (13) Despite subsections (8) and (9), when these Rules provide a person with an opportunity to respond to a document within a certain period after its receipt, the period does not begin until the day after the document is actually received by the person. Language of Documents 12. All documents required to be filed under these Rules shall be in English or French or, if in another language, be accompanied by a translation in English or French and an affidavit attesting to the accuracy of the translation. Verification of Documents 13. (1) The Agency may require the whole or any part of a document filed with it to be verified by affidavit. (2) If the Agency requires verification of a document, the Agency shall serve a notice on the person who filed it and indicate the document or part of it that must be verified and the period within which verification is to be filed. (3) If an affidavit is made on belief, the grounds on which the belief is based shall be set out in the affidavit. (4) The Agency may strike out any document or part of it that has not been verified in accordance with this section. Amendments to Documents 14. (1) A party may request an amendment to a document that has been filed in a proceeding. (2) The request must include an explanation of the nature of the amendment and why it is necessary.
Request for Production of Documents 15. (1) If in any pleading a party refers to a document on which the party intends to rely in a proceeding, any other party may make a request to that party that, as soon as is reasonably possible,
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a party who fails to comply with a request made under subsection (1) within 10 days after receiving the request may not enter the document as evidence in the proceeding. (3) The Agency may permit a document to be entered into evidence if the party entering it in evidence had reasonable grounds not to comply with a request under subsection (1) and acceptance of the document will not hinder a fair and expeditious hearing of the matter. (4) The person who produces a document under subsection (1) shall also provide a copy of it to the Agency. Notice to Produce Documents Notice in writing 16. (1) A party may give a notice in writing to any other party to produce, within 10 days after receipt of the notice, a document that relates to any matter in dispute that is in the possession or control of the other party and shall specify the document to be produced. (2) Subject to a determination by the Agency under section 24 or 25, if a party fails to respond to the notice to produce a document, within the period prescribed in subsection (1), the Agency may
Notice to Admit Authenticity of Documents 17. (1) A party may give a notice in writing to any other party to admit, within seven days after receipt of the notice, the authenticity of a document relating to a proceeding. (2) A party who does not respond to a notice or does not admit the authenticity of the document within the period prescribed in subsection (1) is deemed to admit the authenticity of the document. (3) If a party refuses to admit the authenticity of a document in respect of which it received a notice under subsection (1), the party shall pay the costs of proving it, regardless of the disposition of the proceeding, unless the Agency determines that the refusal was reasonable. Provision of Additional Information, Particulars and Documents 18. The Agency may, by order,
Questions between Parties 19. A party to a proceeding may direct questions to any other party if the party files with the Agency, and serves on the other parties, a copy of the questions along with the reasons for them and their relevance to the proceeding. Responses to Questions 20. (1) A party to whom questions have been directed under section 19 shall, within the period that the Agency directs,
(2) If a party to whom questions have been directed does not provide a complete and adequate response and contends that a question is not relevant or that the information requested is of a confidential nature or is not available, the party's response shall set out its reasons in support of that contention, and include any alternative available information that the party considers would be of assistance to the party who directed the questions. (3) If a party who directed questions is not satisfied that the response is complete or adequate, the party may request the Agency to order that the questions be answered in full, and the Agency may order that the questions be answered in full or in part, or not at all. Formulation of Issues 21. The Agency may formulate the issues to be considered in any proceeding or direct the parties to propose the issues for its consideration if
Determination of Issues 22. (1) If the Agency determines that an issue should be decided before continuing a proceeding, or if a party requests it, the Agency may direct that the issue be decided in any manner that it considers appropriate. (2) The Agency may, pending its decision on the issue, postpone the whole or any part of the proceeding. Confidentiality 23. (1) The Agency shall place on its public record any document filed with it in respect of any proceeding unless the person filing the document makes a claim for its confidentiality in accordance with this section. (2) No person shall refuse to file a document on the basis of a claim for confidentiality alone. (3) A claim for confidentiality in respect of a document shall be made in accordance with subsections (4) to (9). (4) A person making a claim for confidentiality shall file
(5) A person making a claim for confidentiality shall indicate
(6) A claim for confidentiality shall be placed on the public record and a copy shall be provided, on request, to any person. (7) A person contesting a claim for confidentiality shall file with the Agency
(8) A person contesting a claim for confidentiality shall serve a copy of the request for disclosure on the person making the claim. (9) The person making a claim for confidentiality may, within five days after being served with a request for disclosure, file a reply with the Agency and serve a copy of the reply on the person who made the request for disclosure. Disposition of Claim for Confidentiality 24. (1) The Agency may dispose of a claim for confidentiality on the basis of
(2) The Agency shall place a document in respect of which a claim for confidentiality has been made on the public record if the document is relevant to the proceeding and no specific direct harm would likely result from its disclosure or any demonstrated specific direct harm is not sufficient to outweigh the public interest in having it disclosed. (3) If the Agency determines that a document in respect of which a claim for confidentiality has been made is not relevant to a proceeding, the Agency may order that the document be withdrawn. (4) If the Agency determines that a document in respect of which a claim for confidentiality has been made is relevant to a proceeding and the specific direct harm likely to result from its disclosure justifies a claim for confidentiality, the Agency may
Agency Determination of Confidentiality 25. The Agency may make a determination of confidentiality on its own initiative after giving the other parties to the proceeding an opportunity to comment on the issue of confidentiality, in accordance with the procedure set out in section 23, with such modifications as the circumstances or the Agency requires. Documents Containing Financial or Corporate Information 26. If financial or corporate information is filed with the Agency, the Agency shall treat the information as confidential unless the person who provides it agrees in writing that the Agency need not treat it as confidential. Postponements and Adjournments 27. Subject to section 66, a party may request in writing a postponement or an adjournment of a proceeding. 28. (1) The Agency may allow a postponement or an adjournment
(2) On granting the postponement or adjournment, the Agency may impose any terms and conditions that it considers just and reasonable in the circumstances. Stay of Order or Decision 29. (1) The Agency may, at the request of a party, grant a stay of an order or decision of the Agency
Service of request (2) A person who files a request under subsection (1) shall serve a copy of the request on the other parties to the proceeding. 30. On granting the stay, the Agency may impose any terms and conditions that it considers just and reasonable in the circumstances. Withdrawal or Discontinuance 31. (1) A party may, on notice filed with the Agency, withdraw an application or other pleading, or discontinue participation in a proceeding, at any time before its final determination. (2) The party shall serve a copy of the notice of withdrawal or discontinuance on the other parties. (3) On receipt of a notice of withdrawal or discontinuance, the Agency may fix any terms and conditions to the withdrawal or discontinuance, including costs, that it considers appropriate. Motions 32. (1) Except for section 14 (request to amend), section 23 (claim for confidentiality), sections 27 and 28 (request for postponement or adjournment), section 29 (request for a stay), section 61 (motions made during an oral hearing) and subsection 68(2) (filing a pleading after a reply), any request that arises in the course of a proceeding and requires an order or decision of the Agency shall be brought before the Agency by motion and shall be initiated by a written notice of motion. (2) A notice of motion may be in any form that contains a clear and concise statement of the facts, the relief sought and the grounds for seeking the relief. (3) A notice of motion shall be filed with the Agency, and the party filing the notice of motion shall serve a copy of the notice on the other parties. (4) Within 10 days after receiving a notice of motion, a party may file a written answer to it with the Agency and shall serve a copy of it on the other parties. (5) Within five days after receiving an answer to its notice of motion, the party may file a written reply to the answer with the Agency and shall serve a copy of the reply on the other parties. (6) If a party intends to submit a document in support of a notice of motion or an answer or a reply to it, the document shall accompany the notice, answer or reply, and the party shall file the document with the Agency and serve a copy of it on the other parties. (7) Subject to section 61, the Agency shall dispose of a motion in writing. Evidence 33. The Agency may, at any time, order any particular facts relating to a proceeding to be supported by an affidavit. 34. (1) The Agency may, at any time, order that a person attend and be examined under oath or solemn affirmation before a commissioner of oaths or another person who is authorized to administer oaths or affirmations and who is appointed by the Agency for that purpose. (2) Notice of the date, time and place of an examination ordered under subsection (1) shall be given to the persons required to attend. (3) A transcript of an examination ordered under subsection (1) shall be taken and filed with the Agency. (4) All transcripts of examinations certified under the hand of the person taking them may, without further proof, be used in evidence in the proceeding to which they relate. Conferences 35. (1) The Agency may, at any time, direct the parties to a proceeding to appear before a member or an officer of the Agency at a specified date, time and place for a conference, or to make submissions in writing, to assist the Agency in its consideration of
(2) After the completion of the conference and the reporting of its results to the Agency, the Agency may make an order or decision or direction without further submissions from the parties to the proceeding. Reasons 36. The Agency shall give oral or written reasons in support of any of its orders and decisions that do not allow the relief requested, or if opposition has been expressed. Oral Hearing Not Necessary No oral hearing 37. The Agency may make any order or decision otherwise than by holding an oral hearing. PART 2APPLICATIONS Application of This Part 38. Unless otherwise provided in these Rules, this Part applies to proceedings in respect of any application to the Agency except a notice of objection under Part 5. Pleadings 39. (1) Subject to subsection (2), the pleadings in respect of an application consist at least of the application that commences the proceeding, and may include an answer, an intervention and a reply. (2) In an appeal under subsection 42(1) of the Civil Air Navigation Services Commercialization Act, an intervention does not form part of the pleadings. (3) No pleading may be filed following a reply without leave of the Agency. Leave may be given at the request of a party, if the Agency considers that it is appropriate. Application Form and content 40. (1) Every application shall be in writing and shall be commenced by filing with the Agency
(2) If any of the information referred to in subsection (1) is not filed or is deficient in any way, the Agency may advise the applicant that the application is not complete and cannot be processed until the necessary information is filed. 41. An applicant shall serve a copy of the application on each respondent and on any other person that the Agency directs. Answer Form and content 42. (1) A respondent may oppose an application within 30 days after receiving it, by filing with the Agency a clear and concise written answer that includes an admission or denial of any facts alleged in the application and any documents that are relevant in explaining or supporting the answer. (2) A respondent shall serve a copy of its answer on the applicant. (3) If a respondent does not file and serve an answer within the required period, the Agency may dispose of the application without further notice to the respondent. Intervention 43. (1) A person who has an interest in an application other than the applicant, the respondent or an interested person, may intervene to support or oppose the application. (2) An intervention shall be filed with the Agency within 30 days after the person became aware of the application. (3) The intervention shall be in writing and shall
(4) The person making the intervention shall serve a copy of the intervention on the applicant and each respondent. (5) The Agency may refuse an intervention if the person making the intervention fails to demonstrate an interest in the application. Reply to Answer or Intervention 44. (1) An applicant may, within 10 days after receiving a copy of an answer or intervention, file with the Agency and serve on the other parties to the proceeding a written reply to the answer or intervention. (2) A respondent whose interests are adversely affected by an intervention may, within 10 days after receiving a copy of the intervention, file with the Agency and serve on the other parties to the proceeding a written reply to the intervention. (3) In a reply, the applicant or respondent may object to the answer or intervention by stating the grounds for the objection and may admit or deny any or all of the facts alleged in the answer or intervention. Close of Pleadings Time limits 45. Pleadings in respect of an application shall close
Submissions 46. (1) Any interested person who does not intend to intervene in a proceeding but who intends to make comments to the Agency regarding the proceeding shall file with the Agency, and serve on the applicant on or before the date set out in the notice of oral hearing referred to in section 50, a submission that
(2) The Agency shall provide all parties with a copy of any submission filed under subsection (1). (3) A person who files a submission under subsection (1) is not entitled to any further notice in the proceeding. Disposition of Application If No Oral Hearing 47. If no oral hearing is held into an application, the Agency shall, as soon as practicable after the close of pleadings, dispose of the application on the basis of the documentation before it. PART 3RULES APPLICABLE TO THE CONDUCT OF ORAL HEARINGS Interpretation 48. For the purposes of this Part, "hearing panel" means a panel of members of the Agency constituted by the Chairman for the purpose of holding an oral hearing into a particular matter. Application of this Part 49. (1) This Part applies in respect of the conduct of oral hearings before a hearing panel. (2) The five-day period prescribed in subsection 23(9) for filing a reply does not apply to a party claiming confidentiality in respect of a document filed during an oral hearing. Notice of Oral Hearing 50. If an oral hearing is to be held in relation to an
application, the Agency shall notify the parties of the date, time and location
of the hearing at Service and Filing of Documents 51. Subsections 11(2) and (4) are the only provisions of section 11 that apply in respect of the filing and service of documents during an oral hearing. Special Arrangements 52. A party who requires the services of an interpreter at an oral hearing, or who requires special arrangements for the hearing, shall advise the Secretary of their requirements as soon as possible, but not later than the date specified in the notice of oral hearing. Appearance at Oral Hearing 53. An oral hearing may proceed even though a party fails to appear before the hearing panel. Issues Not Raised in Pleadings 54. A party who does not raise an issue in their pleadings shall not raise the issue at an oral hearing except with leave of the hearing panel. Evidence 55. Despite section 60, the hearing panel may, at any time during an oral hearing, and subject to any conditions imposed by it, order that
Witnesses 56. A party who does not provide the name of a witness or give written notice of a witness' proposed testimony before the commencement of an oral hearing may not call the witness at the hearing, except with leave of the hearing panel. Subpoenas 57. (1) A subpoena requiring the attendance of a person as a witness at an oral hearing may be obtained without charge from the Agency. (2) The subpoena shall be signed by the Secretary and sealed with the Agency's seal and, if it is issued in blank, it shall be completed by a party to the proceeding or the party's representative. (3) A subpoena shall be served personally on the person to whom it is directed and a copy of the subpoena and the affidavit of service shall be filed with the Agency at least 48 hours before the date fixed for the attendance of the person as a witness. (4) A party who serves a subpoena shall, at the time of service, pay or tender to the person served an amount that is not less than the amount to which the person would have been entitled as fees and allowances if the subpoena had been issued under the Federal Court Rules, 1998. Order of Proceeding 58. Unless an order of proceeding has been agreed to by all parties in advance and approved by the Agency, the hearing panel shall establish the order of proceeding at the start of the hearing. Presentation of Evidence 59. Every party shall be given an opportunity to present evidence and make representations to the hearing panel. 60. (1) Witnesses at an oral hearing shall be examined orally under oath or solemn affirmation, and the examination may consist of direct examination, cross-examination and re-examination. (2) A party who intends to call an expert witness at an oral hearing shall, not less than 30 days before the commencement of the hearing, serve on the other parties a copy of the report, signed by the expert witness, setting out the substance of the expert witness' testimony, the curriculum vitae of the expert witness and a detailed summary of the expert witness' testimony. The original of the report along with copies of the other documents shall be filed with the Agency.
(3) A party on whom a copy of the expert witness's report has been served and who intends to rebut with expert evidence any matter set out in the report shall, not less than 10 days before the commencement of the oral hearing, serve on the other parties a copy of the report signed by the expert witness setting out the substance of the evidence to be introduced in rebuttal, the curriculum vitae of the expert witness and a detailed summary of the expert witness' testimony. The original of the report along with copies of the other documents shall be filed with the Agency. Oral Motion 61. A motion may, with leave of the Agency, be made orally during a hearing and disposed of in accordance with any procedure that the Agency considers appropriate. Interveners 62. (1) An intervener may give evidence after the party whom it supports has presented its case and may be examined by the applicant and respondent. (2) An intervener is not entitled to cross-examine the applicant, the respondent or any of their witnesses unless the intervener's request to do so has been granted by the hearing panel. Electronic Examination 63. The Agency may, on any terms and conditions that it considers appropriate, order that the examination of a person be conducted by videotape, video-conference or any other form of electronic communication. Written Arguments 64. The Agency may, whenever it considers it appropriate to do so, order written arguments to be submitted by a party to a proceeding in addition to or instead of oral argument. Postponements and Adjournments Postponement 65. The Agency may allow a postponement of an oral hearing if a party requests it in writing, at least 10 days before the commencement of the hearing, on any terms that the Agency considers appropriate. Adjournment Agency's powers 66. The Agency may allow an adjournment of an oral hearing, at the request of a party, at any time during the hearing, on any terms that the Agency considers appropriate. PART 4COMPLAINTS BY AIR CARRIERS AGAINST OTHER AIR CARRIERS' TARIFFS APPLICABLE TO INTERNATIONAL SERVICES Application of This Part 67. This Part applies in respect of a complaint to the Agency by an air carrier against the tariffs of another air carrier which are applicable to that air carrier's international service. Pleadings 68. (1) The pleadings in respect of a complaint under this Part consist of at least the complaint that commences the proceeding, and may include an answer, an intervention and a reply. (2) No pleading may be filed after a reply without leave of the Agency. Leave may be given at the request of a party if the Agency considers that it is appropriate. Complaint 69. For the purposes of this Part, the time limits set out in sections 42 to 45 are changed to the following:
PART 5OBJECTIONS UNDER THE PILOTAGE ACT, SECTION 34 Application of This Part 70. (1) This Part applies to proceedings in respect of an objection under section 34 of the Pilotage Act. (2) In the event of any inconsistency between Parts 1 and 2 and this Part, the provisions of this Part prevail to the extent of the inconsistency. Pleadings 71. (1) The pleadings in respect of an objection under this Part consist of at least a notice of objection, and may include an answer, an intervention and a reply. (2) No pleading may be filed after a reply without leave of the Agency. Leave may be given at the request of a party if the Agency considers that it is appropriate. Notice of Objection 72. (1) Every notice of objection shall be in writing and shall be commenced by filing with the Agency
(2) If any of the information referred to in subsection (1) is not filed or is deficient in any way, the Agency may advise the objector that the notice of objection is not complete and cannot be processed until the necessary information is filed. Authority's Answer to Notice of Objection
Intervention Who may intervene 74. (1) A person other than the objector who is interested in a notice of objection may intervene to support or oppose the notice. (2) An intervention shall be filed with the Agency and served on the Authority and the objector within 15 days after the notice of objection is filed under section 72. (3) The intervention shall be in writing and shall
Reply to Answer or Intervention 75. (1) An objector may, within 10 days after receiving a copy of an answer or intervention, file a written reply with the Agency. (2) An Authority whose interests are adversely affected by an intervention may, within 10 days after receiving a copy of the intervention, file a written reply with the Agency. (3) An objector shall serve a copy of a reply to an answer on the Authority at the same time as the reply is filed with the Agency. (4) An objector shall serve a copy of a reply to an intervention on the intervener replied to and on the Authority at the same time as the reply is filed with the Agency.
Recommendations 76. A recommendation made by the Agency in respect of a proposed charge set out in a notice of objection shall include a statement of the reasons for the recommendation. PART 6TRANSITIONAL, REPEAL AND COMING INTO FORCE Transitional 77. These Rules apply in respect of all proceedings that were commenced before the coming into force of these Rules. Repeal 78. The National Transportation Agency General Rules are repealed. Coming into force 79. These Rules come into force on the day on which they are registered.
Establish by:
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