Readers are advised to consult with Statistics Canada on specific
methodologies and definitions used throughout this publication, the
relevant Statistics Canada documents contain such information.
General Definitions
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
A measure of an industry's value-added to the economy. GDP is
essentially total sales by the industry (gross output) less inputs
of goods and services provided by sources other than the industry
itself. GDP at basic prices means reporting income as the amount
receivable by producers for the production or sale of products
minus any tax payable, plus any subsidy receivable, on those
products.
Intramural R&D Expenditures
Expenditures for R&D work performed by the reporting company,
including work financed by others.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures include the cost of procuring, constructing
and installing new durable plant and machinery and equipment,
whether for replacement of worn or obsolete assets, as additions to
existing assets or for lease or rent to others.
Trade Data Definitions
There is a fundamental difference between trade and production data.
Production data also captures secondary production which occurs at the
establishment level and differs from the principal activity to which
they are classified. Trade data, on the other hand, classifies
products as they cross the border regardless of the principal activity
of the producing establishment. This data is captured as a commodity
rather than as an industry good. In an effort to quantify industry
trade, Statistics Canada associates the exported commodity code with
an industry code. A simple example would be the case of an exported
automobile engine which would be attributed to the Canadian Motor
Vehicle Engine and Engine Parts Industry even though it may have been
produced by a plant classified to the Motor Vehicle Industry. The same
concepts also apply to service data. Readers should note that this is
a crude estimation of industry trade and is susceptible to errors.
However, in the absence of a better measurement method, this type of
estimation is one of few means available to estimate industrial trade.
Please refer to the "Sources and Technical Notes" for further
details.
Exports
Exports include both domestic exports and re-exports. Domestic
exports include goods grown, extracted or manufactured in Canada,
including goods of foreign origin which have been materially
transformed in Canada. Re-exports are exports of foreign goods
which have not been materially transformed in Canada, including
foreign goods withdrawn for export from bonded customs warehouses.
Imports
All goods which have crossed Canada's territorial boundary,
whether for immediate consumption in Canada or stored in bonded
customs warehouses.
Trade Balance
Exports minus Imports of goods.
Apparent Domestic Market
Manufacturing Shipments minus Exports plus Imports.
Receipts
Total receipts of companies located in Canada for services sold to
clients located abroad.
Payments
Total payments of companies located in Canada for services bought
from abroad.
Balance of Payments
Receipts minus Payments for cross-border services.
NOTE: Payments and receipts strictly refer to cross-border services.
Where a subsidiary of a Canadian company located abroad either sells
or buys a service in its local market, or trades a service with a
third country, the transactions are outside the scope of the
cross-border figures reported in this document. Such transactions
abroad are between foreign resident parties, and are not covered by
the Balance of payments data which deal only with transactions between
Canadian residents and non-residents. Also, the domestic sales and
purchases by Canadian subsidiaries of foreign companies with residents
here in Canada are excluded from cross-border measures of trade, being
resident-to-resident transactions.
Definitions Specific to Manufacturing Industries
Production Employees
Those employees engaged in processing, assembling, storing,
inspection and maintenance.
Administrative and Other Employees
Those employees designated as executive, administrative,
clerical/office and sales staff.
Total Employment
Production employment plus administrative and executive employment.
Number of Establishments
Smallest operating unit in a business capable of reporting
specified input and output data which are collected and published
at the establishment level by the Survey of Manufacturing
Technology.
Revenue (total shipments)
This includes both manufacturing shipments and non-manufacturing
shipments.
Manufacturing Shipments
Shipments of goods manufactured from the establishment's own
materials, except consignment shipments.
Non-Manufacturing Shipments
Include wholesaling of goods, rental of new equipment, construction
of buildings for the establishment's own use with its own
labour, and the operation of cafeterias, laboratories, etc.
Total Salaries and Wages
Production Salaries and Wages plus Administrative and Executive
Salaries and Wages.
Production Salaries & Wages
Gross amount paid to production employees, including overtime,
bonus and commissions, but before deductions for income tax and
employee benefits.
Administrative and Other Salaries & Wages
Gross amount paid to executive, administrative, clerical and sales
staff, including overtime, bonuses and commissions, but before
deductions for income tax and employee benefits.
Cost of Fuel and Electricity
Cost of fuel purchased for use in production and transportation and
cost of electricity consumed for energy purposes, both in
manufacturing and non-manufacturing operations.
Cost of Materials and Supplies Used
Raw materials, containers and supplies purchased and owned by the
establishment and used in its manufacturing operations.
Cost of Goods for Resale and Non-Manufacturing Inputs
Include cost of goods which were sold without a change in the
condition (wholesaling), purchased materials and supplies used in
new construction produced by own labour force for own use,
purchased materials and supplies used in production of any
machinery and equipment for own use by own labour force, office
supplies purchased and used, and all other purchased materials and
supplies used by the establishment.
Manufacturing Value Added
Value of shipments of goods of the establishment's own
manufacture plus the net change in inventory of goods in process
and finished goods, minus the cost of materials and supplies used,
the cost of fuel and electricity, and the cost of goods for resale.
Total Value Added
Value added for manufacturing and non-manufacturing activities.
Definitions Specific to Software and Computer Services Industry
Employees
Any person drawing pay for services rendered or for paid absence
and for whom the employer must complete a Canada Customs and
Revenue Agency T-4 Supplementary Form. The employee concept
includes full-time and part-time employees, as well as working
owners, directors, partners and other officers of incorporated
businesses.
Self-employed
Includes working owners of incorporated or unincorporated business,
farm or professional practice. It also includes self-employed
persons who do not have a business (for example, baby-sitters,
newspaper carriers) and unpaid family workers (persons who work
without pay on a farm or in a business or professional practice
owned and operated by another family member living in the same
dwelling).
Software Products Development
Software products are produced for multiple sale, license or lease.
Professional Services
These services include corporate EDP consulting, systems and
technical consulting, custom software development, contract
programming, training and education, facilities management, and
other professional services (but exclude provision of access to
Internet which is part of other operating revenues under Internet
service providers - ISP services).
Data Processing Services
These services include network services (electronic information
systems and network applications), shared processing, data entry,
and other processing services.
Business Information by Sector
