TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

1. Radar Plotting Techniques in all Modes

1.1 Use plotting sheet to construct the relative motion triangle and identify the sides and angles.

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1.2 Determine course, speed and aspect of other ships from true and relative plots.

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1.3 Determine CPA and TCPA from true and relative plots.

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1.4 Determine changes in CPA and TCPA resulting from alteration of course or speed of own ship or target ship.

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1.5 Using relative plot, determine the alteration of course or speed needed to achieve a required CPA.

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1.6 Detect alteration of course or speed of a target and determine the alteration from a plot.

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2. Introduction to ARPA

2.1 Outline the IMO performance standards for ARPA.

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X

2.2 Describe the different methods of displaying information.

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X

2.3 Describe the different ways in which targets may be acquired.

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X

2.4 Describe the requirements for acquisitions and tracking of targets.

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X

2.5 Describe the operational warnings required.

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X

2.6 List the data which should be available in alphanumeric form.

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2.7 Explain that the accuracy standards for ARPA are based on sensor errors for equipment compliant with IMO performance standards.

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TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

2. Introduction to ARPA (Continued)

2.8 State performance standards for gyro and log inputs.

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X

2.9 State performance standards for radar range, bearing accuracy and radar discrimination.

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X

3. Acquisition of Targets

3.1 Explain how ARPA acquires a target.

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3.2 State that the criteria for automatic selection of targets is provided in the operator’s manual.

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X

3.3 Describe the criteria used for manual acquisition of targets.

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X

3.4 Explain that the number of targets that may be acquired is limited.

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X

3.5 Explain that targets not posing a potential threat should be deleted from the tracker register if the limit for the number of acquired targets has been reached.

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3.6 Explain that target acquisition may be suppressed over certain areas and state when suppression should be used.

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3.7 Explain the limitations of guard rings.

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4. Tracking Capabilities and Limitations

4.1 Describe how a target is tracked by ARPA.

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4.2 Explain that an acquired target may be lost if its echo fades temporarily.

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4.3 Describe the circumstances leading to "target swap".

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4.4 Describe the effect of target swap on displayed data.

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4.5 Explain why there is a delay in the display of processed data after target acquisition.

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4.6 Explain the delay in the generation of new data when the target ship maneuvers.

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TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

4. Tracking Capabilities and Limitations (Continued)

4.7 State that the full accuracy of derived information may not be attained for up to three minutes after acquisition or target maneuver.

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5. ARPA Displays

5.1 Demonstrate the special features found in ARPA.

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5.2 Select an appropriate display presentation considering the required task and current situation.

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5.3 Adjust the radar controls for the optimum display of echoes.

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5.4 Explain how derived information differs depending on whether the sea stabilized mode or the ground stabilized mode is used.

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X

5.5 Check that speed and heading inputs are functioning correctly for intended use of ARPA: Navigation. Collision avoidance.

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5.6 Select the appropriate orientation and mode for the circumstances.

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5.7 Select an appropriate time scale for vectors or graphics to produce the information required.

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5.8 Demonstrate the use of manual acquisition to select and monitor critical targets.

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5.9 Demonstrate the use of automatic acquisition and exclusion areas.

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5.10 Explain the use of echo-referencing in the true motion mode.

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6. Target Information

6.1 Use display in true and relative modes and demonstrate the use of true and relative vectors in each mode.

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TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

6. Target Information (Continued)

6.2 Demonstrate the benefits of switching between true and relative vectors.

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6.3 Explain the display of PPC and PAD graphics.

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X

6.4 Discuss PAD graphics.

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6.5 Explain how past positions of tracked targets are displayed.

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X

6.6 Explain the limitations of trial maneuvers.

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6.7 Demonstrate the setting and acknowledgment of operational warnings.

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6.8 Describe the benefits and limitations of operational warnings.

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7. Interpretation Errors

7.1 Explain that the incorrect interpretation of ARPA can lead to dangerous misunderstanding of the traffic situation.

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7.2 Explain that the interpretation of vectors in the wrong format is a common error.

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7.3 Check information from vectors with numeric display.

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7.4 Explain that a lost target which is subsequently re-acquired may temporarily show a course and speed suggesting an alteration when none has occurred.

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7.5 Explain that the PAD and PPC graphics displayed apply only to own ship and targets and do not indicate mutual threats between targets.

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7.6 State that the track line between the target and the PAD is not an indicator of target speed.

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7.7 Assess history displays, changing radar mode and vector presentation.

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TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

7. Interpretation Errors (Continued)

7.8 State that a change of direction in the relative history display does not necessarily imply that the target has altered course.

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8. Errors in Displayed Data

8.1 State that errors in bearing can be generated in the radar installation.

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8.2 State that errors in range can be generated in a radar.

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8.3 Explain that own ship alteration of course may temporarily produce unreliable indications because of the ARPA smoothing filter.

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8.4 State that errors will be introduced by inputs from gyro and log.

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8.5 Describe the effects of heading and speed errors on derived information.

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8.6 State that the smoothness of the displayed true history track gives some indication of satisfactory tracking by ARPA.

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9. System Operational Tests

9.1 Use system of self-diagnostic routines and recognize their limitations.

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X

9.2 Use ARPA test program to check performance against known solutions.

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9.3 Check performance, including trial maneuver by manual plotting.

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9.4 State action to take after ARPA malfunction.

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10. Obtaining Information from Arpa Displays

10.1 Demonstrate ability to obtain information in both true and relative modes.

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10.2 Identify critical targets.

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10.3 Obtain relative courses and speeds of targets.

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10.4 Obtain CPA and TCPA of targets.

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TOPICS AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Compliance Through

Knowledge

Viva-Voce

Application

10. Obtaining Information from Arpa Displays (Continued)

10.5 Obtain true courses and speeds of targets.

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10.6 Interpret displays of past positions to detect change in course or speed of target.

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10.7 Operate trial maneuver facility to check validity of intended alteration of course or speed.

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10.8 Analyze displayed situation and determine and execute action to avoid a close quarter situation.

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X

10.9 Monitor subsequent situation and resume original course and speed when safe to do so.

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11. Over Reliance on ARPA

11.1 State that the use of ARPA does not relieve the officer of the watch from the need to comply with basic principles in keeping a navigational watch.

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