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Environment Canada
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| Type of Fuel | Fuel Production / Imports | Sulphur Mass (tonnes) | Average Sulphur Content (%wt) | Distribution of Sulphur in Products (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (m3) | (in %) | ||||
| Aviation Turbo Fuel | 6,519,307 | 7.9 | 3,067 | 0.058 | 1.9 |
| Motor/Aviation Gasoline | 38,473,812 | 46.4 | 8,807 | 0.031 | 5.5 |
| Kerosene/Stove Oil | 1,495,553 | 1.8 | 436 | 0.037 | 0.3 |
| Low-Sulphur Diesel Oil | 20,179,241 | 24.3 | 5,590 | 0.033 | 3.5 |
| Diesel Fuel | 4,207,731 | 5.1 | 7,774 | 0.217 | 4.8 |
| Light Fuel Oil | 4,704,209 | 5.7 | 8,218 | 0.203 | 5.1 |
| Heavy Fuel Oil | 6,561,430 | 7.9 | 110,695 | 1.747 | 68.7 |
| Plant Consumption | 797,580 | 1.0 | 16,575 | 2.115 | 10.3 |
| TOTAL | 82,938,862 | 100.0 | 161,163 | 0.209 | 100.0 |
The Fuels Information Regulations, No.1 (see Appendix 1) were adopted in 1977 to provide Environment Canada with information regarding liquid fuel composition, particularly concerning sulphur dioxide (SO2) emissions from combustion. These Regulations require annual reporting on sulphur levels in fuels and one-time reporting of non-lead fuel additive content (additional reporting is required when there are changes). They apply to all fuels (throughout this document, the word "fuel(s)" applies only to those fuels which are in liquid form and petroleum-based) in liquid form that originate from crude oils, coal or bituminous sands.
The Regulations require all producers and importers handling more than 400 cubic meters (m3) of fuels intended for consumption in Canada within a calendar year to report the volume of fuels produced or imported, the fuel density and the fuel sulphur content for each quarter of the calendar year (see Appendix 2). Environment Canada uses the reported values to estimate the mass of sulphur in Canadian fuels. The definition of each type of liquid fuel can be found on the last page of Form 1 in Appendix 2. The Regulations also require all producers and importers who supply more than 400 m3 of a fuel to report all the additives other than lead or lead compounds in fuels.
A new category was added to the reporting form in 1995 to account for the production of low sulphur diesel fuel. This addition was a follow-up to the non-regulatory program agreed upon by the petroleum marketing industry to make available only diesel fuel with a sulphur content not exceeding 0.05% by weight at all service stations, truck stops and on-road cardlocks and keylocks in Canada. This program commenced on October 1, 1994. Information on low sulphur diesel is included in this report. Effective January 1, 1998, low sulphur diesel has been mandated for on-road vehicles by the federal Diesel Fuel Regulations (see section 2.2).
On January 1, 1998, the federal Diesel Fuel Regulations came into effect. The regulations require all on-road diesel to have a sulphur level not exceeding 0.05% (500 ppm) by weight. On June 23, 1999, the Sulphur in Gasoline Regulations were published in Part 2 of the Canada Gazette. These regulations will limit the sulphur content in gasoline to an average of 30 ppm with a maximum of 80 ppm. The requirements will be phased in. The first stage begins on July 1, 2002 limiting the average sulphur content of gasoline to 150 ppm over a 2 ½ year period. On January 1, 2005, the sulphur content will be further limited to a 30 ppm average with a maximum of 80 ppm.
In the Notice of Intent on Cleaner Vehicles, Engines and Fuels, published in the Canada Gazette in February 2001, the Government of Canada committed to align Canadian requirements for sulphur content in on-road diesel fuel with those in the United States' Final Rule on Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements, published January 18, 2001. Under this rule, sulphur requirements for on-road diesel fuel will be 15 ppm starting mid-2006. The Canadian regulatory process was initiated through a discussion paper that solicited views from stakeholders on the design of the regulations. It was distributed on May 1, 2001 with comments requested by June 15.
The Notice of Intent also commits Environment Canada to developing measures to reduce the level of sulphur in both light and heavy fuel oils used in stationary facilities. Studies of Canadian health and environmental benefits, as well as costs, will commence later in 2001, with the view to matching requirements set by the European Union. These requirements are 1% wt. for heavy fuel oil starting in 2003, and 0.1% wt. for light fuel oil by 2008.
The Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB) has standards for fuels which have been adopted by provinces in their regulations. Depending on the type of fuel, these standards establish a range of 0.04 % to 3.50% (400 ppm to 35 000 ppm) of sulphur by weight (see Appendix 4). CGSB standards are revised periodically to reflect developments in product, usage and manufacturing technology.
This report covers the period from January 1 to December 31, 2000. Petroleum refineries and importing companies are required to submit information for each calendar quarter to the regional office of Environment Canada before January 31 of the following year. Failure to submit the data on time, incomplete data or unsigned forms are offenses under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and are punishable by fines and imprisonment.
Appendix 3 presents data on the annual volume weighted sulphur content (in parts per million by weight) for gasoline, diesel and fuel oil during the period of 1995 to 2000 for each Canadian refinery and importer. This information was released to the public through a number of requests under the Access to Information Act that took place during 1997 to 2001. Data for importers and blenders prior to 1998 were not included in the ATI requests .
The following petroleum refineries, blenders, and upgrading plants reported, under the regulation, information pertaining to volume, production, and fuel sulphur content for 2000:
The following petroleum importers reported, under the regulation, information pertaining to volume, production, and fuel sulphur content for 2000:
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