Sub-sector Profiles: Index
[ Introduction | Significance | Structure | Performance | Employment | Investment ]
[ Trade Performance | Challenges/Opportunities | Association | Statistics | Contact ]

The Canadian Brewery Industry

The Canadian brewery industry, North America Industrial Classification System (NAICS) 31212, comprises establishments that are primarily engaged in brewing beer, ale, malt liquors, and non-alcoholic beer.

Establishments that manufacture malt and which bottle non-alcoholic malt beverages are not included in this category.

Introduction

The industry produces a variety of beer, lager, ale, porter and stout, as well as draught and seasonal beer.

An estimated ten million Canadians drink beer, making it the number one alcoholic beverage in Canada. In 2000, Quebec had the highest per capita consumption of beer in Canada (at 76.52 litres per person). Many popular specialty, premium and microbrews are targeted to men and women over 29 years of age.

In terms of Canadian alcoholic beverage production, beer is the leader, followed by distilled spirits and then wine.

Domestic beer sales are divided into three categories: draught, bottled and canned. From 1988 to 2000, sales of canned beer increased from 14.7% to 19.2%, sales of draught beer increased from 9.3% to 11.5%, and sales of bottled beer decreased from 76% to 69.3%. The increase in sales of draught beer may have been due to more product offerings of this type.

With the removal of barriers to imports and related internal trade modifications, the industry has been subjected to more fundamental change than ever before. In order for the industry to remain competitive, major consolidation and restructuring had to occur. It was also necessary for the industry to innovate and develop new technologies.

Industry Structure

In 1999, the beer industry represented 6.4% of the total value of food and beverage manufacturing shipments, 5.8% of employment in the sector, and 1.4% of food and beverage plants in Canada.

The industry is primarily Canadian-owned and is dominated by two major companies, one of which is a multinational. The balance of the market is supplied by micro-breweries and regional breweries. The industry is highly concentrated: the leading four enterprises control over 90% of the Canadian market.

Statistics Canada data indicate that there were 50 establishments (plants) brewing beer in 1999. This number has decreased since 1990 when there were 54 plants. Brewing establishments included in the Statistics Canada data have sales greater than $30,000 in volume of beer sold.

The Brewers Association of Canada (BAC) defines two categories of brewing companies: conventional brewing companies are brewers which market their products mainly through one or more provincial distribution systems and have an annual production volume of more than 60,000 hectolitres; micro-breweries have an annual production volume of less than 60,000 hectolitres.

The Canadian industry has rationalized and continues to do so. Over the years, the structure has changed as the number of micro-breweries has increased considerably, having risen from 26 in 1988 to 65 in 2001. Many of these are small operations and are not accounted for in the Statistics Canada data.  The number of conventional brewery plants declined from 37 in 1988 to 23 in 2001.  These 88 conventional and micro brewery plants operate in nine of the ten provinces and in one of the three territories, with Prince Edward Island being the only province without brewing facilities.

The bulk of the brewing industry is located in Ontario (31 establishments), British Columbia (21 establishments), and Quebec (18 establishments), with remaining activity in Alberta (5 establishments), Nova Scotia (4 establishments), Manitoba (3 establishments), Newfoundland (3 establishments), Saskatchewan (1 establishment), New Brunswick (1 establishment),and the Yukon (1 establishment). A few of these may have sales totalling less than $30,000. The largest firms could have as many as 1,000 employees at one establishment.

Performance

Domestic Market

Water, malting barley which has been converted into malt, hops and yeast are the basic ingredients used in the manufacture of beer.

Consumer thirst for variety has fuelled the growth of new products and, as a result, there has been a proliferation of new offerings. Some nationally-brewed beers have seen a decline in sales while there has been an increase in the demand for specialty brews. This trend has been seen in the past as well, since many nationally popular brands evolved from either local or regional favourites. Today, there are many new beers being developed, but the major brands still account for the vast majority of sales.

Statistics Canada data indicate that in 1999, the brewing industry shipped products valued at almost $4.0 billion, an increase of 39.2% since 1990 when manufacturing shipments totalled $2.8 billion. See Figure 1.

In 1999, the value of the Canadian market (which excludes beer shipments that are exported) totalled $3.9 billion, which represents a value increase of 37.8% between 1992 and 1999.

The brewing industry represents a high value-added sector.  In 1999, value-added was 79.2% of Canadian brewery shipments, compared to an average of 37.9% for the food and beverage industry overall. This is a reflection of the considerable brand equity that consumers recognize in the industry`s leading products.  Competition is fierce with strong promotion of brands, especially among the larger firms.

Trade Performance

We do not actually have a subject on "Trade Performance", our apologies.

After the signing of the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement there was concern that large US breweries with much larger scale production facilities located near the border would make significant inroads into the

Canadian market with many well known US brands. This has not proven to be the case as Canadian brewers have been successful in signing license agreements with US brewers and, to a lesser extent, with overseas brewers to produce and market leading foreign brands in Canada using domestic ingredients and maintaining jobs.

In the domestic market, Canadian brewers face some competition from U-brew operations which have gained popularity.  U-brew operations are retail outlets that provide ingredients, equipment and support for customers to make beer for their own consumption.

Figure 1: Imports, Exports and Domestic Market Shipments, 1999

Employment

Employment in the brewery industry increased from 12,636 people in 1990 to 14,391 people in 1999, which represents an increase of 13.9%. See Figure 2. This increase in employment was matched by a substantial increase in manufacturing shipments per worker.

Productivity, as measured in terms of value-added output per worker, increased 73.5% from 1990 to 1999. Increased productivity was necessary to remain competitive within free trade environment.

In addition, breweries tend to be highly automated  with the result that productivity or output per production worker is high. As in many capital intensive industries with high worker productivity, brewery production worker wages are among the best in the food and beverage processing sector.

Investment

With the opening of the interprovincial Canadian market, large firms have been undergoing substantial rationalization through the closing of numerous small plants. A few of these facilities have been re-opened as micro-breweries.

In recent years, there has been tremendous activity among a number of cottage and micro-breweries, though these still account for only a very small portion of industry sales. A couple of these firms have recently been made public, following a similar trend in the U.S.

Despite this activity, Canadian capital investment and net capital stock have been declining as the industry giants rationalized their production, partially in response to freer interprovincial movement. In 1999, capital expenditures decreased to $163.1 million from $231.5 million in 1998, and they are projected to decrease further.

Figure 2: Total Shipments of Own Manufacture and Employment, 1990-1999

Export Market

In 2001, Canada was the fifth largest exporter of beer in the world, on a volume basis.

From 1992 to 2001, Canadian beer exports more than doubled to reach a value of $380.9 million. The main export market has been the United States. In 1992, the industry exported 6.2% of its production, and by 1999, exports accounted for 7.1% of domestic production. See Figure 3.

Significance

We do not actually have a subject on "Significance", our apologies.

Strengths and Weaknesses

Trade-Related Factors

Brewery products imported into Canada have made significant gains from 1992 to 2001 (increasing by 253.7%). Imports in 2001 reached a value of $260.7 million. In 1999, the value of imports represented only $192.8 million or 5% of the Canadian market. Imported products have been growing steadily since 1994, after a slight decline in 1993.

A significant share of the Canadian market is held by foreign brands brewed under licence. Licensing agreements are the most economical and efficient way for American brewers to get their products into Canada since transporting bottled products is extremely expensive. Canned products are more economical to ship but face an environmental levy, thus limiting their demand.

Figure 3: Exports and Imports of Beer, 1992-2001

The top market shares for imports by country of origin in 2001 were Mexico (25%), the Netherlands (23%) and the United States (22%). Other European countries fall within the next four countries of origin as beer production is very prominent in some EU countries (i.e. Germany, United Kingdom). These beers have been brewed for centuries, which has earned them a favourable reputation.

The positive global trade balance of $120.2 million in brewed products for the Canadian  brewing industry in 2001 is mainly due to a positive trade balance with the U.S. ($324.7 million). Otherwise, the trade balance with the rest of the world has been in deficit for more than ten years ($-204.4 million in 2001). If Canadian brewers continue to produce American brands under licencing agreements, positive global trade balance figures can be expected to continue.

Canadian-brewed products have an excellent reputation that should help strengthen their presence in global markets. The demand for new products, especially those produced by micro-breweries, seems to be increasing in the U.S. (and in global markets).  The micro-brewery trend started in the mid 1970s in response to the "homogenization" of the American beer market by the big brewers. Beer produced by micro-brewers seems to have cultivated a following among certain consumers, who support them for offering variety as well as a distinct taste. Some of the major beer companies are now also offering specialty beer products.

Structural Factors

Over the past decade, the brewing industry in Canada has had to react to significant changes. Some of these changes have included a decrease in per capita consumption of "brand name" products, while "niche" markets supplied by micro brewers have experienced an increase in demand for specialty products. These changes, combined with continued economic prosperity,  permitted the industry to continue to experience significant positive growth between 1990 and 1999.

Per capita consumption of beer in Canada decreased from 75.15 litres in 1990 to 67.35 litres in 2000. Approximately 70% of beer consumption in Canada takes place in the home; the remaining is consumed in licenced premises.  This breakdown has been relatively constant over the years.

Despite increased international focus, Canada is still a relatively small player on both the North American and world markets. With excess capacity in North America in a relatively flat market, competition for market share is intense in Canada and the U.S. Global producers benefit from economies of scale and promotional budgets which far outweigh those of Canadian firms.

Linkages to Agriculture - The Malting Barley/Beer Value Chain

After wheat, barley is the country’s most important grain crop and is the primary agricultural input for the manufacture of beer. One of Canada’s major competitive advantages in beer making is the internationally recognized quality and availability of suitable barley. For beer, special varieties of barley, known as malting barley, have been developed through plant breeding efforts. Malting barley is produced primarily in the three western prairie provinces. About 70 percent of all barley produced in the west are malting barley varieties (as opposed to feed barley varieties). In a typical year, almost 9 million tonnes of malting barley is produced of which only the best or about 2.5 million tonnes is purchased by Canadian or international maltsters. In the international trade, malting barley is sold in its raw form as simply malting barley or is converted for the brewers into an intermediate product known as “malt” at a Canadian-based malt house.

Four malting firms, primarily foreign-owned, produce malt for domestic and export brewery customers. The majority of Canadian-based malt house capacity is also located on the prairie provinces.

For barley producers in western Canada, the export business is extremely important. In a typical year, domestic maltsters buy approximately 1.1 million tonnes of malting barley. Of this, the domestic brewers use approximately 350,000 tonnes of malt (approximately 450,000 tonnes barley equivalent), and the export market consumes approximately 507,000 tonnes of malt (approximately 650,000 tonnes barley equivalent).

From a producer perspective, being successful in having malting barley selected for malting means receiving a price premium of about one-third more than barley that is not selected. Barley not selected goes into the lower-priced animal feed market. Pricing of malting barley into domestic and export markets is the responsibility of the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB), the prairie farmers’ marketing agency.

The CWB is an important element in the value chain since it intercedes as the exclusive single desk selling agency of malting barley and, as such, has bargaining power in the marketplace which it exercises on the producers’ behalf in its dealings with Canadian maltsters as well as foreign buyers.

Quality Assurance

International recognition of the high quality level of Canadian malting barley has been a major contributing factor in enabling Canadian-based breweries to obtain licensing agreements with leading US and offshore breweries to manufacture their brands in Canada. This has been a key factor in maintaining brewery capacity and high-paying jobs in Canada over the past decade when domestic beer consumption has been flat.

Barley must pass rigorous testing and evaluation before it is accepted as suitable for malt production. On average, only 25% of malting barley grown meets the rigid quality criteria and is accepted to make malt. Grades for malting barley in Canada are established under the 1989 Canada Grain Act Regulations which is administered by the Canadian Grain Commission.  The Canadian grading system is a visual system where barley is allocated on the basis of grades for payment. “Special Select” and “Select” are grades reserved for those barleys meeting the stringent criteria of maltsters and brewers.  Key quality factors include: varietal purity, barley protein and moisture, germination, plumpness (an indication of starch content), maturity, low incidence of peeled and broken kernels, and the absence of disease, foreign material, and heat and frost damage.

Barley which ultimately performs best in the brew house depends heavily on its starch content. For brewers, the ability to convert this starch to sugars in the fermentation process makes the best performing malts.

Quality Infrastructure

Quality improvement is an ongoing process in which the entire malting barley/brewery value chain works together for the mutual benefit of all participants. Canada has a long history as a world leader in barley breeding. Work to retain and improve this quality position is ongoing. Barley breeders increasingly understand the genetic make up of barley and its relationship to the performance qualities brewers want. These quality characteristics include efficient performance in the brew house during fermentation and finished product considerations such as desired taste profile, and extended shelf life (thereby eliminating the need for additives) for national brands with extensive distribution systems. At the same time, producers, in maximizing their returns, focus on agronomic characteristics such as yield and disease resistence. In order to register a new malting barley, it must be equal to or better than existing varieties in agronomics, disease resistance, and processing quality as regulated by the Seeds Act.

Technology-Related Factors

In the brewing industry, research and development are driven by the need for new products which are capable of responding to changes in consumer tastes. Companies and countries are using new technology and innovation which provide a competitive edge. From a technological standpoint, the Canadian industry is as advanced as any in the world. Research in Canada has been conducted in microbiology and biotechnology. Developments have included yeast strains which produce low-calorie beer and those which are more alcohol-tolerant. Low-alcohol beer, as well as different products (such as ice brands which employ unique brewing processes) and seasonal beers, have been among new product developments.

It is also interesting to note that Canadian companies pioneered two of the most important developments in brewing techniques:  continuous malting and continuous brewing. However, to date, no Canadian company uses these techniques due to their need for constant monitoring of microbial content.

Experimentation with new package formats such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic in place of glass bottles will continue, and developments are underway in the U.S. and Europe to improve preservation properties of plastic to meet those of glass bottles.

Because of the importance of high-quality barley for malting and brewing, the Canadian brewing and malting industries established the Winnipeg-based Brewing and Malting Barley Research Institute (BMBRI) in 1948.  The BMBRI is funded entirely by its members, which are major malting and brewing companies. The primary focus of the Institute is to support the development and evaluation of new malting barley varieties which will meet the needs of the industry. This is done through regular contact with barley breeders and researchers, participation in the variety registration system, and pre-competitive evaluation of new malting barley lines by the member companies. Each year, the BMBRI also provides research grants to select projects with a focus on improving the understanding or evaluation of malting barley as it ultimately relates to malting and brewing quality.

Regulatory Framework

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and the provincial liquor boards work together to ensure that alcoholic beverages, including beer, conform to Canadian compositional safety standards under the Food and Drugs Act (for alcohol content, toxins, etc.) before being approved for sale in Canada. In addition, both domestic and imported alcoholic beverages must comply with labelling, net quantity and standardized container size requirements under the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act.

Agreement on Internal Trade

The Agreement on Internal Trade (AIT) has laid out a framework for non-discriminatory treatment of alcoholic beverages which has resulted in a number of barriers being addressed and efforts to avoid the creation of new barriers. However, internal barriers for which removal would have had international implications, due to national treatment requirements, were not addressed in the AIT process on the instruction of Ministers. Provinces have been encouraged to address outstanding non-conforming measures, with the ultimate goal being for all parties to be able to rely on the general provisions of the Chapter to guide interprovincial trade, thereby providing non-discriminatory access, equivalent to that already provided to in-province and imported products.

In June 1992, provincial governments abolished the requirement that brewers maintain separate production facilities in each province. As a result, the Canadian market is now less segmented than in the past and brewers have taken advantage of economies of scale by making better use of their production facilities.

Provincial Liquor Boards

Most provinces in Canada have established minimum prices for all alcoholic beverages, including imports, to prevent the sale of alcohol at prices that would encourage over-consumption.

While provinces have had to eliminate most preferences they traditionally gave to locally-produced beer or beer from other provinces or imports, in order to comply with trade agreements, they still have considerable regulatory influence. This provincial authority stems from a federal statute, the Importation of Intoxicating Liquors Act. This federal legislation requires that all liquor imported into Canada be brought in through a provincial liquor board (located within each province and territory in Canada - see list at end of document). The provincial and territorial governments are also responsible for regulating and controlling traffic in intoxicating liquor for sale and consumption within their respective jurisdictions.

The provincial boards collect federal and provincial duties and taxes on alcohol products, and then add their own mark-up prior to sale of the product.

Tax Policy

Taxes comprise both a federal excise duty, which is a federal levy imposed at the production stage on domestically-produced products such as spirits, beer and tobacco products, and provincial Ad Valorem and volume taxes. These taxes and duties represent the single largest cost category to a brewing operation.  Provincial sales tax (PST) and the federal goods and services tax (GST) are added at retail.

The federal excise tax system for alcoholic beverages presently in effect in Canada imposes duties on beer produced in Canada when it is shipped from the brewery to provincial liquor board warehouses or industry-owned stores. The excise duty on imported beer is calculated from the point where beer is imported and received into liquor board "bonded" warehouses, but does not become due until the beer is shipped to the point of retail sale. This imposition point eliminates competitive distortions between domestic and imported beer and between beer and other alcoholic beverages.

The Canada Customs and Revenue Agency, in conjunction with the Department of Finance, has undertaken a complete review of the Excise Act, which imposes excise duties on spirits, beer and tobacco products that are manufactured in Canada, and includes extensive controls relating to their production and distribution. The principal objectives of this exercise have been to safeguard the tax revenue generated by alcohol and to provide a fair and modern tax structure that minimizes the impact of government policies on these industries.  The new Excise Act, 2001 will come into force in July 2003, replacing the provisions of the current Excise Act that relate to spirits, denatured and specially denatured alcohol and tobacco. However, the existing provisions for the manufacture of beer or malt liquor will remain unchanged and be maintained under the current Excise Act.

Environment

With respect to environmental issues, brewers, like all food and beverage processing firms, must meet all laws (e.g. the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act and each province’s legislation) and regulations.

One environmental issue that food processors in general have faced is waste remaining from packaging. Waste reduction is important everywhere and particularly for large urban centres that are rapidly using their landfill capacity and are experiencing difficulty and expense in finding and using acceptable new landfill sites. Reduction of materials in packing cartons can potentially provide both financial and environmental benefits. There are some difficulties with reducing bulky packaging. Plastics and cardboard can help protect foods during transportation. There is a trade-off between the volume of packaging materials (complete with graphics, etc.) needed  to identify brands and increase the attractiveness of a product on the one hand, while minimizing packaging requirements from an environmental and cost control point of view, on the other hand.

Provincial government regulations generally favour the use of returnable/refillable bottles, and some small brewers which use non-standard bottles rather than standard refillable bottles are subject to a handling fee. Advertising and marketing of beer are also closely controlled. However, these regulations vary between provinces.

Through provincial bottle return deposit systems, the brewing industry maintains a good environmental record. Minimal quantities of packaging end up in municipal waste sites.  In 2000, the national average for recycled bottles was 96.5% and 86.1% for cans. In addition, bottles are reused 15 to 20 times.

The Canadian marketplace is characterized by high bottle usage, reflecting consumer preferences, environmental regulations and industry systems to facilitate re-use. Some provinces impose a levy or a deposit on non-reusable containers (i.e. cans), limiting their use.

Prior to plant construction, brewers, like any other manufacturing concern, must meet municipal zoning requirements. A proposal to build a new state-of-the-art plant or to substantially enlarge an existing facility could result in hearings to assess environmental impacts before construction may proceed. For example, breweries use substantial amounts of wash water which must be adequately cleaned so that it does not pollute streams and water tables with organic material that could cause unacceptable levels of biological oxygen demand.

Provinces and municipalities have to be satisfied that systems will be put in place for waste water treatment. Some processors take a pro-active approach by developing "best practices" with respect to the environment in both field and plant, for example, reducing their energy and water usage and creating less solid and water waste.

Future Challenges and Opportunities

The Canadian brewing industry has an overriding challenge in terms of an aging population, changing lifestyles, and increasing cultural diversity in Canada, which may continue to contribute to declining per capita consumption. Increases in exports will be needed to maintain and build the performance of this industry.

Micro-breweries maintain that excise duty compliance requirements should not apply equally to small and large breweries. In 2001, the BAC submitted a proposed mandate to the House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance which called for a 60% reduction in federal excise duties on the first 75,000 hectolitres of production for brewers producing less than 300,000 hectolitres annually. This proposal was denied by the Standing Committee. Presently, special provisions for small brewers in the U.S. similar to this tax scheme offer significant advantages over Canadian small brewers and therefore discriminate against Canadian small brewers who wish to export to the U.S.

As of January 2000, import duties on all foreign beer were removed, creating an additional challenge to the domestic beer industry in Canada.

Imports of barley and malting barley are subject to tariff rate quotas (TRQ). A lower tariff is applied to imports that come into Canada up to a certain quota level and a much higher tariff is applied to imports entering after the quota is filled. Among grain products, TRQs apply only to wheat and barley – they do not apply to corn, oats, rye and other grains. The TRQ for barley in 2000/2001 was 399,000 tonnes. In 2000, over quota tariffs did not apply to the U.S., Mexico and Chile, but could range between 21% to 97.5% for imports from other countries.

It is important that malting barley, as the single most important ingredient in the brewing industry, remains cost competitive. The industry is concerned that the pricing policies of the CWB, the monopoly supplier of barley, could have a negative impact on the domestic brewing industry.

Like all food and beverage processors, brewers are assessing how to deal with the emergence of e-commerce. The brewing industry will have to determine if it can effectively use this medium to increase efficiencies through business-to-business solutions and the development of web-based marketing strategies.

Brewers are aware of the public`s perception of biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). There is concern that the industry could be affected if their products are negatively associated with these issues.

Brewers must overcome consumer perception that beer contains significantly more calories than other products. Recent reports provide evidence that moderate consumption of beer, as well as other alcoholic beverages, can provide health benefits with respect to cardiovascular diseases.

As well, the BAC and industry members continue to sponsor programs through partnerships and advertisements to educate consumers about responsible consumption of alcohol. Messages are transmitted through a variety of mediums, including television, radio, print advertising, posters in retail outlets, and a variety of support materials, such as brochures and buttons.

Spreadsheet:

Associations

Brewers Association of Canada
650 - 100 Queen Street
Ottawa, Ontario  K1P 1J9
Tel:  (613)232-9601
Fax:  (613)232-2283
Internet Site:  www.brewers.ca

Malting Industry Association of Canada
Suite 448, 900 Greenbank Road
Ottawa, Ontario  K2J 4P6
Tel:  (613) 271-9774
Fax:  (613) 271-2742
Email:  phildekemp@compmore.net

Brewing and Malting Barley Research Institute (BMBRI)
Suite 303, 161 Portage Avenue East
Winnipeg, Manitoba  R3B 2L6
Tel:  204-927-1407
Fax:  204-947-5960
Internet Site:  www.bmbri.ca

Provincial liquor boards

Yukon Liquor Corporation
9031 Quartz Road
Whitehorse, Yukon  Y1A 4P9
Tel:  (867)667-5245
Internet site:  www.ylc.yk.ca

Northwest Territories Liquor Commission
Suite 201, 31 Capital Drive
Hay River, NWT  X0E 1G2
Tel:  (867) 874-2100

British Columbia Liquor Distribution Branch
Ministry of Small Business, Tourism and Culture
2625 Rupert Street
Vancouver, British Columbia  V5M 3T5
Tel:  (604)252-3000
Fax:  (604)252-3464
Internet Site: www.bcliquorstores.com

Alberta Gaming and Liquor Commission
50 Corriveau Avenue
St. Albert, Alberta  T8N 3T5
Tel:  (780)447-8600
Fax:  (780)447-8914
Internet site:  www.aglc.gov.ab.ca

Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority
2500 Victoria Avenue
P.O. Box 5054
Regina, Saskatchewan  S4P 3M3
Tel:  (306)787-1737
Internet site:  www.gov.sk.ca/govt/lga//govt/lga

Manitoba Liquor Control Commission
1555 Buffalo Place
Winnipeg, Manitoba  R3C 2X1
Tel:  (204) 474-5514
Email:  info@mlcc.mb.ca
Internet site:  www.mlcc.mb.ca

Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO)
General Inquiries
55 Lake Shore Boulevard East
Toronto, Ontario  M5E 1A4
Tel:  (416) 365-5900
Email:  infoline@lcbo.com
Internet site:  www.lcbo.com/index.html

Société des alcools du Québec (SAQ)
905, avenue De Lorimier
Montréal, Québec  H2K 3V9
Tel:  (514)459-3536
Email:  info@saq.com
Internet site:  www.saq.com

New Brunswick Liquor Corporation (NBLC)
P.O. Box 20787
Fredericton, New Brunswick  E3B 5B8
Tel:  (506)452-6510
Internet Site: www.nbliquor.com

Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation (NSLC)
P.O. Box 8720, Station A
Halifax, Nova Scotia  B3K 5M4
Tel:  (902)450-5802
Internet Site:  www.nsliquor.ns.ca

PEI Liquor Control Commission
3 Garfield Street
P.O. Box 967
Charlottetown, PEI  C1A 7M4
Tel:  (902)368-5720
Internet Site: www.peilcc.ca

Newfoundland Liquor Corporation
P.O. Box 8750, Station A
90 Kenmount Road
St. John`s, Newfoundland  A1B 3R1
Tel:  (709)724-1100
Email:  nlc@nfld.com
Internet site:  www.nlc.nfld.com

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Contacts

Gayle Smith
Sectoral Industry Services Division
Food Bureau
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
930 Carling Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario  K1A 0C5
Tel:  (613) 759-7536
Fax:  (613) 759-7480
Email:  smithg@agr.gc.ca

Monica Treidlinger(co-author)
Sectoral Industry Services Division
Food Bureau
Agriculture and Agri-Food

Date Modified: 2004-06-02		Important Notices
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