Siberian larch (Larix sibirica)

Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica) is a tall growing, long-lived coniferous tree which was introduced to the prairies from Siberia. It resembles a native larch species, tamarack, which is common in norther forests. All larches are somewhat unique among coniferous trees in that they lose their needles each fall. The soft, light green needles which grow on the thin twigs each spring, turn an attractive golden yellow in late September before they are shed.

Description:

Siberian larch has a slender, upright growth habit. Under good conditions growth is relatively rapid. Larch can reach a height of eight metres in ten years. The first specimens planted at Indian Head in 1906 are 20 m tall and still vigorous.

The tall, straight, gradually tapering trunk supports horizontally spreading branches right to its base. In closed stands larch will tend to become open with age, losing side branches for most of the bottom half of the tree.

Siberian larch has a relatively noncompetitive root system. It will grow in a wide range of soil types but unlike the tamarack, it does not like very wet or flood prone sites. It is moderately tolerant of saline soils and has a high tolerance to drought and cold temperatures.

There is considerable genetic variability within the species in terms of growth rate, density and other characteristics.

Uses:

Siberian larch was originally introduced as a woodlot tree. Its long, straight trunk, which can reach a diameter up to 25 cm, is excellent for rails, poles and posts. In recent years Siberian larch has been introduced for field shelterbelt plantings. The narrow, pyramidal form, fast growth and relatively noncompetitive root system well suit it for this purpose. Its deciduous habit is also an advantage. Being porous in winter, it allows for an even snow distribution. In spring it is one of the first trees to leaf out, thus maximizing its shelter effect in the critical spring erosion period.

Siberian larch could also be used as a long lived deciduous species in farmstead shelterbelts.

Limitations:

Larch is completely hardy and has no nuisance characteristics. It is susceptible to damage by the larch sawfly and the larch spider mite.

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