COMMISSIONER'S DIRECTIVE

CORRECTIONAL PLANNING AND CRIMINAL PROFILE

Policy Bulletin 202

OBJECTIVE

1. To ensure public safety by developing criminal profiles and correctional plans that will increase offenders' potential for safe reintegration into their communities.

2. This Commissioner's Directive (CD) is to be read in conjunction with CD - 705 Intake Assessment.

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

3. Institutional Heads will ensure that a process is in place to facilitate the completion of Correctional Plans and Criminal Profile Reports within the prescribed timeframes.

4. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker in the Intake Assessment Unit is responsible for completing the Criminal Profile Report and Correctional Plan.

5. In the case of women offenders, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker responsible for completing the Correctional Plan will refer to Annex G, Guidelines for Dynamic Factor Identification and Analysis at Women Offender Institutions.

6. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker in the Intake Assessment Unit is responsible for making program referrals based on the needs presented by the offender.

7. The supervisor of the Parole Officer/Primary Worker is responsible for quality controlling the Criminal Profile and Correctional Plan and all related documents.

CORRECTIONAL PLANNING

8. The objectives of correctional planning are to:

1. establish specific, clear, measurable goals with a unifying theme and direction;
2. employ the most effective intervention techniques and supervision approach;
3. to address dynamic factors that contributed to criminal behaviour;
4. to ensure consistency and continuity in case management throughout an offender's sentence; and
5. to establish a baseline from which to measure progress.

9. Correctional planning involves:

1. a timely and systematic analysis of significant information;
2. interviewing the offender;
3. the identification of the critical static and dynamic factors involved in the offender's criminal behaviour;
4. an initial assessment regarding the potential for detention referral; and
5. an initial assessment regarding qualification for Accelerated Parole Review.

10. Correctional planning will be completed in consultation with the offender with a view to obtaining the offender's commitment to the plan.

TIMEFRAMES

11. The Criminal Profile and Correctional Plan will be completed, reviewed and locked within the following timeframes:

1. for offenders serving sentences of four years or less, within 70 calendar days from the admission date;
2. for offenders serving sentences of more than 4 years (including indeterminate and life), within 90 calendar days from the admission date; and
3. for young offenders, within 70 calendar days of their transfer to federal jurisdiction.

REVIEWING AND DOCUMENTING INFORMATION

12. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment must clearly distinguish factual information from opinion in their reports. The source of any information must also be documented.

13. The Parole Officer completing the Intake Assessment must clearly identify in their reports when the offender is providing information.

14. Before completing the Criminal Profile and Correctional Plan, all available information must be reviewed and assessed. Refer to CD 705-2, Information Collection.

OUTSTANDING CHARGES

15. Sentence Management staff will conduct a CPIC check to determine if there are any outstanding charges. The charges will be documented in OMS and the Parole Officer/Primary Worker notified.

16. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker will follow up on the status and circumstances of any outstanding charges.

17. Interview the offender to ascertain his or her version of the circumstances surrounding the charges. Prior to discussing the charges, inform the offender that he or she has the right to retain and instruct counsel, and provide the following warning:
"It is my duty to inform you that you need not say anything. You have nothing to hope from any promise or favour and nothing to fear from any threat whether or not you say anything. Anything you do say may be used against you as evidence. Do you understand?"

18. Enter the information regarding the outstanding charges into a Casework Record in OMS. Advise Sentence Management of any new information about the status of the charges.

INTERVIEWS

19. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker will interview the offender prior to completing the Criminal Profile Report and Correctional Plan. If the offender refuses to participate in the development of his or her Criminal Profile and/or Correctional Plan, one will be completed with a note that he or she refused to be interviewed.

20. Ensure that the Correctional Officer II/Primary Worker is present for the first meeting with the offender, if possible. Throughout the assessment process, if the offender is Aboriginal, or would like to be engaged in Aboriginal tradition, culture, spiritual practices or programming, an Aboriginal Liaison Officer and/or an Elder will be included as part of the assessment interview.

21. Initiate referrals for supplementary assessments within two weeks of offender's arrival at institution.

22. Ensure that the offender is provided with spiritual, educational and vocational counselling as required.

CRIMINAL PROFILE REPORT

23. The Criminal Profile Report provides a synthesis of all information gathered from the police, the courts, Crown Attorney, victims, the offender and other sources to give the best possible understanding of the crime, the causes of criminal behaviour, the offender's offence cycle and risk.

24. The objectives of the Criminal Profile Report are to:

1. provide a profile of the current and previous offence(s), including a full analysis of the precipitating factors;
2. identify the high-risk situations that can cause the offender to "relapse" (reoffend);
3. ensure that the risk posed by the offender is taken into account in decision-making; and
4. serve as the mechanism for ensuring that at least the gist of police information is shared with the offender.

25. The Criminal Profile Report is completed using the content guidelines in Annex A.

26. An amended Criminal Profile is completed at any stage of an offender's sentence when:

1. outstanding appeals or charges are processed;
2. additional documents are received that impact on the outcome of the Criminal Profile, including:
   1. Crown information;
   2. police reports;
   3. judge's reasons for sentence;
   4. psychiatric assessments completed for trial; and
   5. post-assessment/treatment reports completed for the purpose of developing an offence cycle;
3. the offender is convicted of new offences while incarcerated or while under community supervision; and
4. re-admission of the offender with new conviction(s).

27. The operational unit that has jurisdiction over the offender at the time of the receipt of new information or convictions, or upon the revocation of the offender's release, is responsible for amending the Criminal Profile.

28. A Criminal Profile amendment is entered into OMS addressing the new information, using only the necessary headings in the content guidelines. The previous information is not deleted.

CORRECTIONAL PLAN

29. Based on the results of the Intake Assessment, interviews with the offender, a review of all file information, including files from previous sentences, and consultations with institutional and community staff, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker will define the goals for change, determine the key interventions (programs and activities) required, and indicate the location (the institution or the community), depending on the critical dates during the sentence (transfers, eligibility dates for various types of release, etc.). The Correctional Plan will be completed according to the content guidelines in Annex B.

30. The Correctional Plan is comprised of the following elements:

1. static factor assessment;
2. dynamic factor identification and analysis;
3. level of motivation;
4. reintegration potential;
5. Aboriginal Healing Plan (as applicable)
6. sentence planning; and,
7. determination of contributing factors and the interventions required to address them.

31. Input from institutional and community staff, Elders and Aboriginal Liaison Officers will be obtained in applicable cases.

32. For offenders serving sentences of 10 years or more, the focus of the initial activities or programs should be related to assisting the offender in adjusting to the institution and to the sentence.

33. Correctional Plans are not changed unless there is a significant change in the factors contributing to the offender's criminal behaviour. In these cases, a change in the Correctional Plan is addressed by completing a Correctional Plan Progress Report (CPPR) using the content guidelines in CD 712-1, Pre-Release Decision Making.

34. Indicate in the Correctional Plan, the interest of Aboriginal offender, in pursuing a release plan under section 84 of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA). Where agreements under section 81 of the CCRA are in place and the offender is eligible to be transferred, the Correctional Plan will reflect this.

35. When the offender's achievement grade level is below grade ten or the equivalent, or when upgrading is required for participation in correctional or vocational programs, or CORCAN, participation in Adult Basic Education must be included in the offender's Correctional Plan (see CD 720, Education of Offenders).

36. Share the Correctional Plan with the offender and explain the impact of not following it.

37. Make amendments to the Correctional Plan, if necessary.

The Statistical Information on Recidivism Scale (Revised) (SIR-R1)

38. The SIR-R1 Scale is a statistically derived tool for predicting recidivism. The scale combines measures of demographic characteristics and criminal history in a scoring system that yields estimates of chances of recidivism for different groups of offenders.

39. The application of the SIR-R1 is mandatory for all offenders except Aboriginal offenders, women offenders and provincial offenders.

40. The SIR-R1 must be completed prior to determining the Level of Intervention on Static Factors.

41. The scoring of the SIR-R1 is completed within OMS. The guidelines to completing the SIR-R1 are in Annex D.

ASSESSMENT OF STATIC FACTORS

42. To assess the static factors, the following risk assessment tools must be completed (refer to Annex C):

1. the Criminal History Record is based on significant factors related to the offender's involvement with the criminal justice system;
2. the Offence Severity Record measures the nature and degree to which an offender has inflicted harm on society in general, and on victims in particular;
3. the Sex Offence History Checklist measures the nature and extent of sex offending, the amount of harm inflicted on victims, and involvement in assessment/treatment/ intervention in relation to sex offending.

43. When all questions on the above tools are completed, OMS tabulates a rating for each of the three tools. The higher the number of positive responses, the greater the criminal risk.

44. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will complete a domain analysis in the Criminal History Record. This is a concise summary of the offender's criminal history. It must be no longer than 300 characters.

Serious Harm

45. The determination of serious harm is a critical component of the assessment of static factors. It is mandatory that the details of all offenders serving sentences for Schedule I or II offences be reviewed and analysed, using the guidelines in CD 705-8, Assessing Serious Harm, to determine if serious harm was involved in the commission of the offence.

46. Where it is determined that a victim suffered serious harm during the commission of the offence, the intake Parole Officer/Primary Worker must carefully consider whether the offender's static factor rating must be classified as "HIGH".

47. Following the review of the detention criteria pertaining to Schedule I offenders in Annex A, Content Guidelines - Criminal Profile Report, if it is determined that serious harm to the victim occurred, or the offence was a sexual offence involving a child and there are reasonable and probable grounds to believe that the offender is likely to commit a sexual offence involving a child before the expiration of the offender's sentence, the decision-making authority for Unescorted Temporary Absences will be the National Parole Board. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker will advise Sentence Management of those cases meeting the preceding criteria.

Level of Intervention Based on Static Factors

48. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will determine an overall rating for Level of Intervention Based on Static Factors. This is based on the results of the analytical tools and policy instruments noted in the above sections on "Assessment of Static Factors".

49. A score of "high", "medium" or "low" is obtained by applying the following guidelines:

1. a rating of "HIGH" reflects cases in which:
   1. the Criminal History Record summary index reflects considerable involvement with the criminal justice system; or,
   2. the Offence Severity Record summary index reflects considerable harm to society in general, and victims in particular; or
   3. the Sex Offender History summary index reflects considerable sex offending;
2. a rating of "LOW" reflects cases in which:
   1. the Criminal History Record summary index reflects little or no involvement with the criminal justice system;
   2. the Offence Severity Record summary index reflects little or no harm to society in general, and victims in particular;
   3. the Sex Offender History summary index reflects little or no sex offending; and
   4. a review of the detention criteria, as well as the SIR-R1 score, supports all of the aforementioned indices;
3. a rating of "MEDIUM" signifies that the offender is clearly not a "LOW" criminal risk and there exists sufficient latitude to not rate the offender as "HIGH".

ASSESSMENT OF DYNAMIC FACTORS

50. The identification and analysis of dynamic factors is based on an assessment of each of the seven domains listed below:

1. Employment - the value placed on literacy, education and work and their role in one's life;
2. Marital/Family - the value placed on being with family and the support one derives from them;
3. Associates/Social Interaction - the value placed on non-criminal associates and the opportunity for positive social interaction;
4. Substance Abuse - the value placed on living without reliance on alcohol and/or drugs;
5. Community Functioning - the value placed on having the knowledge and necessary skills for daily living;
6. Personal/Emotional Orientation - the value placed on being in control of one's life; and
7. Attitude - the value placed on living in law-abiding ways.

51. The objective of this assessment is to gain a detailed understanding of both the strengths and problems related to each domain.

52. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker conducts the analysis in OMS by confirming the presence of specific indicators that relate to each domain. Each domain is divided into principal components and, in some cases, sub-components.

53. The indicators are presented as questions (Annex F), which allows for the identification of problem areas. OMS automatically scores the number of responses for each domain. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker ranks the domains in order of priority.

54. Using the Dynamic Factor Rating Guidelines in Annex E, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Correctional Plan assigns a rating to each domain area as follows: "Factor seen as an asset to community adjustment"; "No immediate need for improvement"; "Some need for improvement"; or "Considerable need for improvement". The Parole Officer/Primary Worker then provides a domain analysis as outlined below.

55. In the case of women offenders, in addition to the indicators identified in Annex F, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker will refer to Annex G, Guidelines for Dynamic Factors Identification and Analysis at Women Offender Institutions, for additional questions to be asked.

Domain Analysis

56. A domain analysis is a concise narrative of a specific domain which qualifies or expands on the factors identified during the Intake Assessment process. A domain analysis provides a better understanding of how each area relates to the present offence and the offender's overall criminality.

57. The objectives of the domain analysis are to:

1. determine level of risk in that area (specific risk);
2. determine level of need (specific needs);
3. determine if he or she is motivated to address these needs/deficits (does he or she see this as a risk/need);
4. provide specific information to the Correctional Programs Officer (determine referral appropriateness and program targets);
5. provide specific information to the Parole Officer/Primary Worker to help determine supervision strategies;
6. provide information to complete the offence cycle; and
7. provide information to the Program Board so that they can help make referral decisions (program referral screen).

58. If a domain has no bearing on the offender's criminal behaviour, this should be indicated.

59. Refer to Annex E for guidelines on completing the domain analysis. The domain analysis is not completed within Correctional Plan content guidelines but in the "Dynamic Factor Identification and Analysis" screen in the OMS. The results of the supplementary assessments should be included in the domain analysis.

Employment

60. Refer to CD 705-5, Supplementary Intake Assessments for more information.

61. The result of the employment assessment must be included in the Correctional Plan. The case management team will make the appropriate educational, correctional program, vocational or employment referrals.

62. The Correctional Plan must outline the employment interventions that will address the offender's needs as identified in the employment domain whether it is a contributing factor or not.

Contributing Factors

63. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will determine and identify which dynamic factors are contributing factors.

64. Contributing factors are those domains or relevant principal components that are directly linked to the criminal behaviour.

65. Only those domains rated as "Some need for improvement" or "Considerable need for improvement" and are linked to the offence cycle (or the related principal components) may be rated as contributing factors.

66. Within the domain analysis, the reasons why the specific dynamic factor is rated as contributing must be provided. For other dynamic factors not directly related to criminal behaviour, but where intervention will improve safe and timely reintegration, provide a clear explanation of why such factors require intervention.

Level of Intervention Based on Dynamic Factors

67. When all dynamic factors have been rated, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will determine an overall Level of Intervention Based on Dynamic Factors.

68. The Level of Intervention Based on Dynamic Factors rating identifies the level of intervention required to achieve and/or maintain the safe and timely reintegration of the offender. The rating is based on both the severity of identified problems and number of domains involved.

69. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will identify a rating of "low", "medium", or "high" using the guidelines:

1. LOW
   1. no identified dynamic factors (i.e. factors seen as an asset to community adjustment and/or no immediate need for improvement);
   2. relatively few identified dynamic factors and rated as "Some Need For Improvement";
2. HIGH
   1. few identified dynamic factors but rated as "Considerable Need For Improvement";
   2. multiple dynamic factors identified, (regardless of degree or severity of needs);
3. MEDIUM
   1. any combination of dynamic factor severity and number that lie outside of either the low or high scoring guidelines as identified above.

REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL

70. The Reintegration Potential of male non-Aboriginal offenders is automatically calculated by OMS using the offender's individual scores on the Custody Rating Scale (CRS), General Statistical Information on Recidivism (GSIR) and the Static Factor Rating.

71. The Reintegration Potential of women offenders and Aboriginal offenders is automatically calculated by OMS using the offender's individual scores on the Custody Rating Scale, Dynamic Factor Rating and Static Factor Rating.

72. Sentence planning will be linked to the offender's Reintegration Potential rating by using the guidelines in Annex G.

LEVEL OF MOTIVATION

73. Determine a level of motivation, taking into account all information gathered and analysis conducted during the Intake Assessment process. Motivation is evaluated against the criteria identified in Annex B, Correctional Plan Content Guidelines. Each criterion must be addressed within the narrative of the Correctional Plan.

74. A classification of "LOW", "MEDIUM" or "HIGH" can be assigned according to the following guidelines:

1. HIGH - offender is self-motivated, will actively address problem areas;
2. MEDIUM- offender may not fully accept overall assessment but will participate in recommended programs or other interventions;
3. LOW - offender strongly rejects the need for change and/or is unwilling to participate in recommended programs or other interventions.

75. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will enter the level of motivation into OMS. In the motivation comment field, provide a succinct explanation of why the particular level of motivation was assigned.

76. This motivation comment is a summary of the rationale for the overall level of motivation. The comment will also address the specific ways in which the offender can demonstrate change, and how staff should work with the offender to increase motivation.

PROGRAM APPLICATION/REFERRAL

77. The Parole Officer/Primary Worker completing the Intake Assessment will identify the type of intervention(s) that are required to address the offender's dynamic factors in the Correctional Plan.

78. A Program Board, or equivalent, will review the program recommendations, including those relating to employment and employability skills, to determine the suitability of the recommended program or intervention and possible start dates for the offender. A Program Application/Referral is entered into OMS for each program.

79. Make any necessary referrals to appropriate specialists.

80. Referrals to community programming are made during completion of the Community Strategy for a release decision and entered into OMS by the community Parole Officer.

81. Sentence planning for offenders serving sentences of ten years to life should be developed according to the four phases of a long term sentence:

1. adaptation - coming to terms with the reality of confinement;
2. integration to the prison environment - living within the context of that reality;
3. preparation for release - preparing for release in a progressive manner; and
4. reintegration into the community - assuring a coherent and continuous process leading to safe reintegration.

INTAKE ASSESSMENT SUMMARY

82. The structure and content of the Intake Assessment Summary are automatically generated, based on information and analyses previously entered into OMS. The content includes the Static Factor Assessment and the Dynamic Factor Identification and Analysis. The Summary must be shared with the offender.

CORRECTIONAL PLAN TIMELINE

83. The Correctional Plan Timeline identifies key events and activities that occur during the offender's sentence. OMS automatically generates this timeline.

84. Program information on the timeline is generated from the application/program referrals screen in OMS.

INFORMATION-SHARING

85. Share the Preliminary Assessment, Criminal Profile and Correctional Plan and any other available documents with the offender and complete the Primary Information Sharing Checklist (CSC/SCC 1199) and the Procedural Safeguard Declaration (CSC/SCC 1198) in every case.

Commissioner,

Original signed by
Keith Coulter

Annex A - CONTENT GUIDELINES - CRIMINAL PROFILE REPORT

INTRODUCTION:

• If applicable, provide an initial statement which includes information regarding LTSO's, pending appeals (Crown or Offender), probation orders to follow, plea/finding of guilt, prohibitions, etc.
• Identify Citizenship status/Deportation issues.
• Identify whether the offender meets the criteria for an Accelerated Parole Review.
• Identify the official language the offender prefers correspondence in.

OFFICIAL VERSION:

This section should be concise and is not based on the offender's version.

For multiple offences that were committed in a similar fashion, do not describe the details of each individual offence.

• For major offences, note the following (a major offence may include several significant offences):
  • offence and length of sentence;
  • place of occurrence and date of arrest;
  • the part the offender played in the offence;
  • factors leading up to the decision to commit;
  • how the offence was perpetrated (who, what, where, when, how and why);
  • the degree of violence involved, including the use of any weapons;
  • the name, role and status of accomplices. Any co-accused/co-convicted accomplices must be noted in OMS;
  • the level of cooperation by the offender with authorities following arrest;
  • whether or not the offender's version is consistent with the official version (provide a brief comment if there are major discrepancies);
  • whether the offence has received extensive publicity;
  • information concerning the offender's performance while on bail;
  • information concerning any existing prohibition and protection orders, including orders under sections 161 and 810 of the Criminal Code; and
  • when available, the sentencing judge's comments, including recommendations regarding parole.

OFFENDER'S VERSION:

The offender's version of the offence is automatically transferred from the Preliminary Assessment to the Criminal Profile Report by OMS. If the offender's version has changed during the intake assessment process, it may be amended at this stage.

• The offender's version should include a description of the offence, violence, weapon(s) used, victim information (who, relationship), factors leading up to the decision to commit, and motive for, the offence(s), the role the offender played in the offence, the name(s), role(s) and status of accomplices, the offender's attitude towards the offence and the level of remorse displayed, etc.

Outstanding charges:

If applicable in the case:

• Identify nature and location of charges. Check OMS - Sentence Management Screen.
• If a CSC request for information is still outstanding at completion of this document, indicate that.
• If it is confirmed that there are no outstanding charges, make a statement to that effect.

If it is determined that the offender has outstanding charges, and the offender wants to discuss them, the results can be incorporated into the Criminal Profile Report. However, the offender must first be provided with the following warning:

"It is my duty to inform you that you need not say anything. You have nothing to hope from any promise or favour and nothing to fear from any threat whether you do say anything. Anything you do say may be used against you as evidence. Do you understand?"

ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR:

Provide a brief analysis of criminal behaviour, including the following:

• A concise analysis of the offender's criminal history, including:
  • patterns of previous convictions and conditional releases (e.g. time between offences, suspensions, revocation, escalation in severity);
  • include juvenile/young offender criminal history;
  • note any organized crime connections or gang affiliations; focus should be placed on the principal criminality; and
  • details of any previous convictions for Schedule I and/or Schedule II offences, including details of the impact on the victim(s);
  • information on any crime-free periods in the offender's past.
• For Aboriginal offenders, a description of Aboriginal social history. Identify and analyze how the following factors have impacted on the offender's criminal behaviour:
  • effects of residential school system (offender as survivor or intergenerational effects from family's historical experiences);
  • sixties scoop;
  • family or community history of suicide;
  • family or community history of substance abuse;
  • family or community history of victimization;
  • family or community fragmentation;
  • level of connectivity with family/community;
  • level or lack of formal education;
  • experience in child welfare system;
  • experience with poverty;
  • loss of or struggle with cultural/spiritual identity;
  • exposure to, or affiliation with, gangs;
  • etc.
• A summary of psychological assessment reports, specialized sex offender assessments and any psychiatric information from the courts or other sources:
  • note any mental health issues or interventions;
  • if a referral for a psychological assessment is made during the Intake Assessment, but has not yet been completed, note the reason for the referra
• A summary of an Elder Assessment, if available.
• Identify the likelihood of the offender continuing criminal behaviour. (Make a specific reference to his score on the General Statistical Information on Recidivism Scale. If the scale is not applicable, make a comment to this and why.)

Family Violence:

• Note the results of the Family Violence Risk Assessment. If they do not meet the criteria, then the SARA is not completed. If applicable to the specific case, provide a summary analysis of the results of the Family Violence Risk Assessment and SARA.
• Note any existing protection orders related to family members, including orders under section 810 of the Criminal Code.

Institutional/Community Supervision History:

• A brief summary of past institutional and community supervision history, including previous bail supervision and probation.
• A synopsis of the offender's previous juvenile and adult institutional experience (including any previous detention order) as stated by the offender and contained in available documentation. In each instance, specify source of information, i.e., probation file, institutional file, offender, etc.
• A discussion of the most recent institutional (provincial or federal) adjustment, and behaviour and attitude while at the remand unit.
• In the summary of previous supervision experience, a brief explanation of the significance of previous juvenile and adult parole or probation experience as stated by the offender and/or contained in official documentation. In each instance, specify source of information, i.e., probation file, offender, etc.

Escape/Attempted Escape History:

• The name of the institution and the year that the attempted and/or successful escape(s) occurred; under "Other type(s) of escape", the type of escape (i.e., Unlawfully-at-Large, Escape Lawful Custody) and a synopsis.

VICTIM IMPACT:

Do not make any statement regarding victim notification in this or any report.

• Description of physical or psychological injuries to actual or peripheral victim.
• Identification of existing victim impact statements.
• Summary of victim impact.
• Statement regarding whether the criteria for serious harm as set out in the CCRA were met in the current offence by referring to CD 705-8, Assessing Serious Harm.

DETENTION CRITERIA:

Indicate whether the offender meets any of the following Detention Criteria:

129. (1) Before the statutory release date of an offender who is serving a sentence of two years or more that includes a sentence imposed for an offence set out in Schedule I or II or an offence set out in Schedule I or II that is punishable under section 130 of the National Defence Act, the Commissioner shall cause the offender's case to be reviewed by the Service.

129. (2)(a) in the case of an offender serving a sentence that includes a sentence for an offence set out in Schedule I, that
MET/NOT MET

(i) the commission of the offence caused the death of or serious harm to another person and there are reasonable grounds to believe that the offender is likely to commit an offence causing death or serious harm to another person before the expiration of the offender's sentence according to law, or
MET/NOT MET

(ii) the offence was a sexual offence involving a child and there are reasonable grounds to believe that the offender is likely to commit a sexual offence involving a child before the expiration of the offender's sentence according to law; or
MET/NOT MET

(b) in the case of an offender serving a sentence that includes a sentence for an offence set out in Schedule II, that there are reasonable grounds to believe that the offender is likely to commit a serious drug offence before the expiration of the offender's sentence according to law.
MET/NOT MET

Based on the available information, make a preliminary determination as to whether the offender is/or is not viewed as a suitable candidate for detention at this time.

Include the following comment "Significant gains obtained through program participation and internalization of materials may assist in mitigating this offender's risk. He (or she) will be assessed for detention 1 year before Statutory Release."

(Note: In the case of Schedule I offenders, if it is determined that serious harm to the victim occurred, or the offence was a sexual offence involving a child and there are reasonable and probable grounds to believe that the offender is likely to commit a sexual offence involving a child before the expiration of the offender's sentence, the Parole Officer/Primary Worker must advise Sentence Management.)

OFFENCE CYCLE:

A description of the offender's offence cycle must be provided in all cases. It must be based on the offender's overall pattern of criminal behaviour, not only on the current offence.

All external and internal factors that affect the offender and lead to his or her acting out must be examined, including his or her understanding of the behaviour. The result must be a description of the events or situations that leads to the commission of an offence.

In completing this section, ensure that the elements of an offender's offence cycle are (or will be) consistent with the Domain Areas identified as requiring intervention and programming referrals.

External Factors:

• Crisis situations (personal, financial problems, emotional loss, family, social).
• Substance abuse (heavy consumption with disinhibiting effect on thinking or emotions, exacerbated aggressiveness, crime used to support consumption).
• Peer pressure (threats, provocation, incitement, seeking approval, association, debts).
• Available victims (victims are accessible, vulnerable).
• Available means (organization, information, arms, and accomplices).
• For Aboriginal offenders, the health of the Aboriginal community specific to the offender and that community's view of the offence.

Internal Factors:

• Emotional states (frustration, aggressiveness, loss, negative feelings, psychological disorganization).
• Cognitive processes (perceptions, interpretations, distortion, images, and errors in thought processes).
• Adaptation processes (projection, denial, rationalization, and introjection).
• Actions (behaviour, acting out, impulsivity, etc.).

LEVEL OF RISK:

Based on the information available, provide an assessment of the offender's current level of risk to re-offend in a specific manner.

ANNEX B - CONTENT GUIDELINES - CORRECTIONAL PLAN

The content identified here is entered into the "Sentence Planning" section of the Correctional Plan in OMS.

• Identify who was involved in developing the following plan, noting names and titles as appropriate (Case Management Team members, including assessment, program and community staff, Elder, Aboriginal Liaison Officer, and Correctional Officers).
• Indicate the participation of the offender.

MOTIVATION (the motivation comment is automatically entered here from OMS):

• In addition to the above motivation comment, the Level of Motivation is determined by reviewing each of the following criteria (the Level of Motivation must be manually entered into OMS):
  • recognition that a problem exists with lifestyle, behaviour and resulting consequences;
  • level of comfort with problem and its impact on the offender's life;
  • level of feeling of personal responsibility for the problem(s);
  • willingness to change, i.e. expression of wish to change, or of intention to fully participate in Correctional Plan;
  • possession of skills, knowledge required to effect change in behaviour, i.e. is ready to change;
  • level of external support from family, friends or other community members;
  • the offender's past history related to demonstrating change.

REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL (the Reintegration Potential is automatically calculated by OMS):

• This section would only be completed if the intake Parole Officer/Primary Worker disagrees with the OMS generated rating. A clear rationale must be provided to change the OMS generated Reintegration Potential and should be done only in exceptional cases.
• A CPPR must be completed to officially change the Reintegration Potential rating as OMS will not allow a change in the Correctional Plan.

ABORIGINAL HEALING PLAN (if an Elder assessment is available, complete this section):

Wholistic healing is very important for the wellness of Aboriginal people. Healing occurs within four dimensions: spiritual, emotional, mental and physical. These dimensions are defined in CD 702. Using the Elder's assessment and recommendations, create the offender's healing plan. Based on the Elder's assessment, discuss the offender's understanding of how and where he or she is in relationship to the four aspects of traditional healing, and how this may mitigate and assist in the management of risk in the institutional and community setting. Identify the Elder-supported short and long-term traditional goals to reduce and manage risk.

OFFENDER PROGRAM OBJECTIVES AND EXPECTED GAINS:

• In writing the Program Objectives/Expected Gains:
  • Take into account the recommendations contained in psychological/psychiatric reports, as well as an Elder Assessment, if available;
  • Clearly identify which dynamic factors are contributing factors and convert them into positive, measurable goal statements;
  • Review specific dynamic factor indicators for other domains to determine if they in fact require intervention, or if they are already addressed by other programs or activities. They should be also be converted to positive goal statements;
  • The goal statements should be sorted by order of priority and sequence, establishing clearly which must be accomplished;
  • The major factor in determining priority, especially before release, is to provide interventions that will deal with contributing factors and other factors rated as "considerable need for improvement";
  • The major factor in determining what type, and where intervention should take place for non-Aboriginal offenders is the offender's Reintegration Potential rating (Annex G). For Aboriginal offenders, interventions will be determined through his or her Reintegration Potential rating, taking into account the Elder's recommendations;
  • Identify the expectations for behaviour, skill or knowledge development related to work placements and future community employment;
  • Identify the expectations for behaviour, skill or knowledge development related to literacy advancement and educational programming;
  • As much as possible, objectives or expectations should be written in terms of behaviour that can be measured, in terms of acquired knowledge, skills or observed behavioural change;
  • The gains that the offender is expected to achieve must be personalized and specific.
• In order of priority, identify the program(s) the offender is being referred to, and,
  • using the guidelines noted above, clearly identify the offender's objectives and expected gains he or she is expected to achieve by participating in the identified program; and
  • identify any volunteer programs or activities that the offender is interested in participating in or is encouraged to attend (AA/NA, sweat lodge ceremonies, etc.);
  • Aboriginal offenders will be referred to culturally appropriate programming whenever possible.

Employment:

• Based on the employment domain analysis, including the results of the Employment Assessment at Intake, as applicable identify an initial employment and education plan that will address the offender's needs in this domain. Identify any employment and educational upgrading referrals made and using the guidelines noted above, identify the offender's objectives and expected gains related to the employment domain.
• Make reference to the offender's level of education and if he or she meets the standard to participate in programming CD 720, Education of Offenders.

SENTENCE PLANNING

• Make reference to the expectation that the offender will remain drug and alcohol free during his or her period of incarceration (CD 585, National Drug Strategy).
• Discuss what observed changes the offender will demonstrate to obtain support for transfer to reduced security (not applicable if penitentiary placement is to minimum security).
• Identify the decision authority for ETAs/UTAs (CD 710-3, Temporary Absences and Work Releases).
• Discuss what changes the offender must demonstrate to be considered for ETAs (non-medical/compassionate)/UTAs, Perimeter Work Clearances or Work Releases.
• Discuss, if applicable, what observed changes the offender will demonstrate for consideration for conditional release, specifying stage in sentence, i.e. at DPED, at FPED, etc. (Note: The required change should vary according to offender's static and dynamic factors.)
• Indicate that Section 81/84 of the CCRA was discussed with the offender. If the offender is interested in pursuing a release under a Section 84 agreement, note any available details associated with it. If the offender is not interested, indicate his or her reasons.
• Indicate offender's interest in a cultural hearing.
• Indicate if a CPPR will be completed to request a Community Strategy for eligible offenders (CD 712-1, Pre Release Decision Process).
• If applicable, incorporate the four phases of long-term sentence planning into the Correctional Plan.

ANNEX C - STATIC FACTOR ASSESSMENT

CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD

PREVIOUS OFFENCES - YOUTH COURT

Number of Convictions:

 Previous offences youth court?

 Fifteen or more convictions?

 Ten to fourteen convictions?

 Five to nine convictions?

 Two to four convictions?

 One conviction?

Type of Convictions:

 Scheduled convictions?

Youth court dispositions:

 Community supervision?

 Open custody?

 Secure custody?

Disposition Outcomes:

 Failure during community-based supervision?

 Disciplinary transfers from open to secure?

 Disciplinary reports while in secure custody?

 Attempt escape/UAL/escape from secure custody?

 Transfer from secure custody to adult facility?

PREVIOUS OFFENCES - ADULT COURT

Number of Convictions:

 Previous offences adult court?

 Fifteen or more convictions?

 Ten to fourteen convictions?

 Five to nine convictions?

 Two to four convictions?

 One conviction?

Type of Convictions:

 Scheduled convictions?

Adult Court Sanctions:

 Community supervision?

 Provincial terms?

 Federal terms?

Sanction Outcomes:

 Failure during community-based supervision?

 Segregation for disciplinary infractions?

 Attempt escape/UAL/escapes?

 Reclassified to higher levels of custody?

 Failures on conditional release?

Crime-free period:

 Less than 6 months since last incarceration?

 No crime free period of one year or more?

CURRENT OFFENCES

Number of Convictions:

 Fifteen or more current convictions?

 Ten to fourteen current convictions?

 Five to nine current convictions?

 Two to four current convictions?

 One current conviction?

Type of Convictions:

 Scheduled current convictions?

OFFENCE SEVERITY RECORD

PREVIOUS OFFENCES:

Type of convictions:

 Previous offences?

 Previous serious offences?

 Drug cultivation?

 Drug trafficking?

 Drug importation?

 Arson/fire-setting?

 Use of prohibited weapons?

 Discharge firearms?

 Forcible confinement/kidnapping?

 Violence (assault, robbery)?

 Sexual offences?

 Attempt murder?

 Homicide

 Conspire to any of the above?

 Break and enter with commission of any of the above?

Type of Victim:

 Victims were children?

 Victims were handicapped/infirm?

 Victims were elderly?

 Three or more victims?

 Two victims?

 One victim?

Degree of Force Used on Victim:

 Use of power/position/authority on victim

 Threat of violence to victim?

 Threaten victim with a weapon?

 Violence used against victim?

 Weapons used against victim?

Degree of Physical Harm to Victim:

 Caused death to victim?

 Serious injury (wounding, maiming, disfiguring) to victim?

 Minor injury (hitting, slapping, striking) to victim?

Degree of Psychological Harm to Victim:

 Serious psychological harm to victim?

 Moderate psychological harm to victim?

 Mild psychological harm to victim?

Sentence Length:

 Sentence length over 24 years?

 Sentence length 10 to 24 years?

 Sentence length 5 to 9 years?

 Sentence length 1 day to 4 years?

CURRENT OFFENCES

Type of Conviction:

 Current serious offences?

 Drug cultivation?

 Drug trafficking?

 Drug importation?

 Arson/fire-setting?

 Use of prohibited weapons?

 Discharge firearms?

 Forcible confinement/kidnapping?

 Violence (assault, robbery)?

 Sexual offences?

 Attempt murder?

 Homicide?

 Conspire to any of the above?

 Break and enter with commission of any of the above?

Types of Victims:

 Victims were children?

 Victims were handicapped/infirm?

 Victims were elderly?

 Three or more victims?

 Two victims?

 One victim?

Degree of Force Used on Victims:

 Use of power/position/authority on victim?

 Threat of violence to victim?

 Threaten victim with a weapon?

 Violence used against victim?

 Weapons used against victim?

Degree of Physical Harm to Victims:

 Caused death to victim?

 Serious injury (wounding, maiming, disfiguring) to victim?

 Minor injury (hitting, slapping, striking) to victim?

Degree of Psychological Harm to Victims:

 Serious psychological harm to victim?

 Moderate psychological harm to victim?

 Mild psychological harm to victim?

Sentence Length:

 Sentence length over 24 years?

 Sentence length 10 to 24 years?

 Sentence length 5 to 9 years?

 Sentence length 1 day to 4 years?

SEX OFFENCE HISTORY CHECKLIST

Sex offender status:

 Sex Offence History (current or past)?

 Is currently serving a sentence for a sex offence?

 Has been convicted in the past for one or more sex offences?

 Is currently serving a sentence for a sex-related offence?

 Has previously been convicted of a sex-related offence?

Sexual offence type - Current sentence:

 Incest - Current Sentence?

 Paedophilia - Current Sentence?

 Sexual Assault - Current Sentence?

 Other Current Sex Offence (voyeurism, exhibitionism)?

Sexual offence type - Past Sentence(s):

 Incest - Past Sentence(s)?

 Paedophilia - Past Sentence(s)?

 Sexual Assault - Past Sentence?

 Other Previous Sex Offence(s) (voyeurism, exhibitionism)?

Number Of Victim(s)

 Three Or More?

 Two?

 One?

Female Victim(s):

 Victims were female children (under 12 years)?

 Victims were female children (12 to 17 years)?

 Victims were female adults (18 to 64 years)?

 Victims were female elderly (65 years or older)?

Male Victim(s):

 Victims were male children (under 12 years)? Children (< 12 Years)?

 Victims were male children (12 To 17 Years)?

 Victims were male adults (18 to 64 years) Adult (18 To 65)?

 Victims were male elderly (65 years or older)?

Serious Harm:

 Current offence resulted in death or serious harm?

Assessment/Treatment History:

 Prior psychological / psychiatric assessments in relation to sex offences?

 Prior treatment/intervention in relation to sex offending?

 Current treatment/intervention in relation to sex offending?

ANNEX D - REVISED STATISTICAL INFORMATION ON RECIDIVISM SCALE (SIR-R1)

In the SIR screen in OMS, assign an individual score to each of the 15 items using the scoring guidelines and notes that follow:

1. Current Offence

2. Age at Admission

3. Previous Incarceration

4. Revocation or Forfeiture

5. Act of Escape

6. Security Classification

7. Age at First Adult Conviction

8. Previous Convictions for Assault

9. Marital Status at Most Recent Admission

10. Interval at Risk Since Last Offence

11. Number of Dependants at Most Recent Admission

12. Current Total Aggregate Sentence

13. Previous Convictions for Sex Offences

14. Previous Convictions for Break and Enter

15. Employment Status at Arrest

SCORING GUIDELINES

1. An item score may be positive, zero, or negative. Read each of the descriptions under an item. If one of them applies to the offender, enter the corresponding value in the OMS field. If no descriptions apply, then enter a value of zero. OMS calculates an offender's total score by adding the 15 individual item scores together.

2. Ensure that all information about the offender is accurate. Verify the information through all available sources (file review, offender, collateral contacts, etc.). However, it is important that each of the 15 items be scored. So, if accurate data are not available, it is preferable to make an approximation rather than omitting the item or entering a value of zero by default.

3. When scoring the items, include Young Offender Act involvement (e.g. convictions, incarcerations, escapes, etc.) if the offender was 16 or over. Also, as a general principle, do not ignore information that is not on the official record. For example, where the FPS indicates assault, but other reliable sources allow us to determine that the offender actually committed a sexual assault, treat the offence as a sexual assault and score accordingly.

4. To avoid confrontation at a hearing, NPB should be alerted if the offender disputes the score. NPB should also know if the score is approximated.

5. This scoring tool is to be used only for federal non-Aboriginal male offenders.

6. Aboriginal, Female, and Provincial offenders are excluded from SIR use. However, to date there is no reason to exclude other minority groups from this scoring tool.

7. Absolute and/or conditional discharges do not count as a conviction for purposes of the scale.

ANNEX E - DYNAMIC FACTOR ANALYSIS

The screen used in OMS to conduct this analysis is called Dynamic Factor Identification and Analysis.

RATING GUIDELINES

The following discussion outlines some general criteria to be used in the rating of each target domain. When rating each domain, the offender's entire background (i.e., personal characteristics, interpersonal influences, situational determinants, environmental conditions) is taken into account.

In order to obtain the level of need for each target domain being assessed, the following rating guidelines should be used:

• Factor seen as an asset to community adjustment,
• No immediate need for improvement,
• Some need for improvement,
• Considerable need for improvement.

It should be noted that not all of the target domains being assessed merit a rating of "factor seen as an asset to community adjustment".

EMPLOYMENT

For this category, a rating of "FACTOR SEEN AS AN ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" indicates that employment has been stable and has played an important role for the offender. A rating of "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that neither employment, under employment, sporadic employment, nor chronic unemployment have interfered with daily functioning. An offender receives a rating of "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if any of the aforementioned have caused minor adjustment problems while in the community and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if the employment situation has caused serious adjustment problems.

MARITAL/FAMILY

For this category, a rating of "FACTOR SEEN AS AN ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" indicates that there has been evidence of very positive relationships and considerable support of either parents, relatives, or spouse. A rating of "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that there is evidence of a satisfying and caring relationship within a marriage and/or family which has resulted in no current difficulties while in the community. A rating of "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that there has been evidence of uncaring, hostility, arguments, fighting or indifference in the marital/family relationships resulting in occasional instability. A rating of "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" is given if any of the aforementioned have been causing a very unstable pattern of marital/family relationships.

ASSOCIATES/SOCIAL INTERACTION

In this category, a rating of "FACTOR SEEN AS AN ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" indicates that there is evidence of the offender having had positive personal associations and considerable support. A rating of "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that there is evidence of the offender having had mostly non-criminal and/or positive associates. A rating of "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that there has been a lack of positive associates and/or some negative companions (e.g. criminal). A rating of "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" is given if either of the aforementioned have been interfering consistently with the offender's performance in the community.

SUBSTANCE ABUSE

In this category, a rating is required ranging from "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" to "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" where "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that the extent, nature, and patterns of alcohol and/or drug consumption by the offender while in the community has had no influence on his/her adjustment (e.g., abstinence, social drinking). An offender demonstrates "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if alcohol and/or drug consumption has caused moderate adjustment problems while in the community and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if substance abuse has caused serious adjustment problems while in the community.

COMMUNITY FUNCTIONING

In this category, a rating of "FACTOR SEEN AS AN ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" indicates that the offender has been effectively managing his/her situation (i.e., accommodation, deportment, health, finance, communication, leisure, support) while in the community. A rating of "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that knowledge and having the necessary skills for daily living has not been causing him/her difficulties. A rating of "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" is given if any of the aforementioned has been causing the offender situational or minor difficulties while in the community and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if the offender's community functioning has been causing him/her severe difficulties.

PERSONAL/EMOTIONAL ORIENTATION

This category requires a rating from "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" to "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" where "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that none of the offender's characteristics or patterns (i.e., self concept, cognition, behavioural, sexual behaviour, mental ability, and/or mental health) have been interfering with daily functioning in the community. An offender exhibits "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if characteristics or patterns of personal/emotional orientation have caused minor interference while in the community and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if any of the aforementioned has seriously interfered with daily functioning while in the community.

ATTITUDE

In this category, a rating of "FACTOR SEEN AS AN ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" indicates that there has been evidence of a very positive attitude and considerable involvement in prosocial activities (e.g., work, school, family, treatment, supervision). A rating of "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" indicates that the offender's attitudes towards justice, society, property, violence and lifestyle have not been interfering with daily functioning in the community. An offender exhibits "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if attitudes have caused minor interference's while in the community and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" if any of the aforementioned has seriously interfered with daily functioning while in the community.

DYNAMIC FACTOR RATING

A Dynamic Factor rating is the compilation of professional judgements derived from the results of the identification of immediate needs (i.e., medical, mental health, suicide risk potential) and the NEED OBSERVATIONS/IMPRESSIONS (i.e., degree or severity of need) on each of the seven target domains.

The criteria for assigning offenders into one of three need levels ("LOW", "MEDIUM", or "HIGH") includes the following: 1) dimensional importance and 2) number and degree or severity of need. Dimensional importance refers to critical need areas such as: serious medical concerns, mental health problems (including intellectual/adaptation needs) and/or suicidal risk potential. For those offenders assessed to be exhibiting any of the aforementioned critical needs, an overall "HIGH" case needs rating is required.

After dimensional importance has been taken into account, the number of target domains identified and severity of each need are considered. For those offenders who have no identified needs (i.e., "FACTORS SEEN AS ASSET TO COMMUNITY ADJUSTMENT" and/or "NO IMMEDIATE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT") or relatively few identified needs which have been rated as "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT", an overall case needs rating of "LOW" is warranted.

Overall ratings of "MEDIUM" or "HIGH" case needs are determined from a systematic review of professional judgements identifying the need for intervention within each target domain (i.e., "SOME NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" and "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT"). Again, the number of target domains identified, both individually and in combination, and severity of each need are considered.

For those offenders assessed as having few identified needs but indicate "CONSIDERABLE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT" in those areas, an overall rating of "HIGH" case needs should be given. Regardless of degree or severity of needs, offenders who have been identified to be multi-need individuals also warrant an overall rating of "HIGH" case needs.

Where professional judgement concludes that the offender is clearly not a "LOW" case needs and there exists sufficient latitude to not rate the offender as "HIGH", then an overall rating of "MEDIUM" case needs is deemed appropriate.

ANNEX F - DYNAMIC FACTOR INDICATORS

ANNEX G - GUIDELINES FOR DYNAMIC FACTOR IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS AT WOMEN OFFENDER INSTITUTIONS

These guidelines are intended to direct the Parole Officer/Primary Worker towards areas of concern that may be unique to women offenders. Intake assessments and intervention considerations for women offenders should take into account the social, political and cultural context unique to women in society. This assessment is designed to help offenders identify issues that have impacted their life both positively and negatively leading to their criminal behaviour. The prompts and questions are meant to serve as a guide to ensure that the experiences and issues that are more relevant to women are captured in the intake process. These questions are suggestions to assist the Parole Officer/Primary Worker in developing their comprehensive assessment to best identify the offender's needs and identify required interventions.

EMPLOYMENT

Record the following information in the domain analysis, if applicable:

1. Homemaking - caring for the home and/or the children. Document this as full time employment. Distinguish between offenders who performed the duties of child care and homemaking and those who led unstable lifestyles, e.g., not working outside the home, or caring for their home and their children.
2. Volunteer community work (identify type). This indicates the offender had a positive attitude toward the community and has skills related to the volunteer work. The type of work performed should be recorded.
3. Sex trade work. Document if the offender had been supporting herself by working in the sex trade. Sex trade work includes prostitution, phone sex, exotic dancing, pornography, etc.
4. Identify whether the offender's income was principally derived from illegal or legal means. (e.g., theft, fraud and drug sales, but excludes the sex trade).
5. Identify if the offender was attending school as well as any circumstances/social situations that may have caused the offender to leave school. Examples include: pregnancy, physical abuse at home, or sexual abuse at home or within the community.

Prompt questions that may be used by the Parole Officer/Primary Worker include:

• What did you like and dislike about your work?
• Who helped you succeed at your work?
• What would your friends say about you as a worker?
• What would your boss and co-workers say about you as a worker?
• Was there anything happening in your life that affected your work?
• What (if anything) caused you to stop working?

Education:

Prompt questions regarding education in the Employment domain:

• What did you enjoy most about school?
• What can you remember that helped you to succeed during your schooling?
• What would your teachers say about you as a student?
• How did your parents, siblings, foster parents, and other adults support your learning efforts?
• What were your friends like at school?
• What, if anything, happened to stop your successes at school?
• Are you interested in more education now?
• What would your school friends say about your abilities?

Residential School - specific questions:

• Did you ever attend a residential school?
• Were your siblings in the school and were you able to see them?
• Did you have contact with your family while you were in the residential school?
• Did your family think it was good for you to go to this school? If not, did they try to do anything about this?
• What did you learn there that was most powerful in your life?

MARITAL/FAMILY

Record the following information in the domain analysis, if applicable:

1. Problems/preoccupations related to the offender's children, such as child care while incarcerated. (Ensure that this question is asked of foreign nationals.)
2. Information regarding the offender being a victim of violence, including physical, emotional and/or sexual abuse. Sexual abuse includes incest, sexual abuse within the family, by acquaintances, or friends. Offenders who have experienced sexual abuse within the family often have lower self-esteem.

Prompt questions for the Marital/Family domain include:

• What experiences of violence or abuse can you recall having experienced or witnessed (include childhood, adolescence, adult, and experiences during incarceration)?
• Who/what helped to maintain the violence or abuse you experienced (e.g., did someone say that you deserved it and to not tell anyone or try to leave)?
• Did anyone help you to escape the violence?
• What helped you to survive those experiences?
• What would help you to deal with those experiences now?

If the offender is a parent, suggested prompt questions include:

• How did you learn to be a mother?
• What do you remember learning from your mother or father about this?
• What would your family and friends say about you as a parent?
• What would your children say about you as a parent?
• Who is caring for you children while you are incarcerated? Are you happy with the arrangement?
• What contact do you have with your children?

SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Prompt questions for the Substance Abuse domain include:

• How has using drugs or alcohol helped you?
• What problems has it caused you?
• Did you ever notice what helped you to resist using drugs or alcohol?
• Did anyone help you to maintain your use of these substances?
• Has anyone helped you to not use drugs or alcohol?
• What would the most important people in your life do to help you be drug and alcohol-free?
• If drugs or alcohol helped you to cope, what could replace that kind of help?
• What would be most useful to you now in dealing with drugs and alcohol?

COMMUNITY FUNCTIONING

Offenders receiving family benefits from their provincial government (versus welfare) prior to incarceration will not be considered to have been receiving social assistance.

Record the following information in the domain analysis, if applicable:

1. Problems with eating/diet that would indicate a possible eating disorder. (Offenders suspected of having an eating disorder will be referred to for a psychological assessment.) Questions that may help the Parole Officer/Primary Worker include: how often do you eat? what kinds of food do you eat? what kinds of circumstances, thoughts, feelings, events may affect your eating habits?

Financial Information:

2. Record details of the offender's financial situation. Determine the offender's financial situation with regard to income, assets, problems meeting payments, and who looked after the finances in the family situation.
3. Determine if the offender had any other sources of financial support, other than social services, e.g., the father of her children, etc.
4. Identify if the offence was directly related to financial strain due to the lack of support by the father or other sources.

Leisure:

Prompt questions regarding leisure activities in the Community Functioning domain include:

• What does having fun and relaxing mean to you?
• What are your special skills, hobbies, or interests?
• What did your family do for fun and recreation?
• Are there any leisure interests that you would like to try?

Prompt questions regarding program activities in the Community Functioning domain include:

• Have you been involved with programs in the past?
• What did you find useful about the programs (the facilitator, the content, the other members, the process, the rules, the time, the setting)? Did you learn anything?
• What was the least useful about the program?
• How would you know if a program was helping you?
• Who encouraged you during and after the program?
• If you became discouraged with a program, how did you deal with this?
• What programs are you interested in now?

Health:

Prompt questions regarding health in the Community Functioning domain include:

• How would you describe your health and what would improve it?
• What have you done in the past to cope with physical health problems?
• What does being emotionally healthy mean to you?
• Have you had helpful experiences with health care staff in the past? What did you find helpful?
• Have you felt safe discussing matters such as pregnancy, STDs, HIV, depression, eating disorders or violence with health care staff - what would help you to feel safe enough to do this?
• Who has helped with your health in the past and who could continue?
• If you have taken medications, do you know what they were? Why were you taking them?
• Did taking them help you feel better?
• If you decided not to take them, was that a better choice?
• Do you have any physical or emotional concerns that might be a problem in your everyday ability to function while incarcerated (allergies, hearing and sight problems, depression, anxiety, back problems, PMS, etc.)?
• What exercise have you done in the past and what would you like to do now?

PERSONAL/EMOTIONAL ORIENTATION

Record the following information in the domain analysis, if applicable:

1. Identify any unrealistic expectations regarding incarceration. (These expectations will be addressed throughout the sentence through the correctional planning process.)
2. Identify if the offender is easily led by others and who may have influenced the offender into problems in the past (criminal associates, spouse, other relatives).

Prompt questions for the Personal/Emotional domain include:

Suicide attempts/self-harm:

• Who and what helped you to think that suicide/self harm would be a good thing to do?
• Have there been times since when you thought about self harm or suicide but did not attempt it?
• Do you remember deciding to make the attempt; what kept you from doing it?
• Who helped you to not; how could that help happen again? If that person is not readily available, how can you keep that person's positive wishes for you in your mind?
• What would you like to do about this at this time?

Grief and loss:

• What are the most important losses in your life? (Loss of freedom, children, friends, family members, pets, opportunity for education, employment, culture, health - all aspects - are some examples.)
• What/who contributed to these losses (e.g., residential schools, deaths, illness, separation, foster care, divorce, health problems, etc.)?
• If 10 is the most serious loss, and 1 is the least serious, rate each of the losses.
• Considering these ratings, which are the most important to pay attention to now?
• How do you know these are the important ones?

ATTITUDE

Identify if the offender accepts full responsibility for her offence, or if she denies or minimizes her responsibility.

ANNEX H - REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL AND GUIDELINES FOR PROGRAM REFERRALS

OFFENDERS WITH HIGH REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL:

• Offenders should not normally require correctional interventions (living skills, substance abuse, family violence, sex offender treatment). If required, these interventions should preferably be provided in the community. Other reintegration programs, services and work placements (including employability skills development) may be used, as well as any other risk management strategies, other than programs, in both institutions and the community.

OFFENDERS WITH MEDIUM REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL:

• Based on the level of dynamic factors, programming can include institutional correctional programs combined with maintenance programs in the community; alternatively, programs can be provided in the community during the period of day parole or program UTA prior to full parole release. Provision of correctional programming in institutions occurs where there is justification based on the offender's static and dynamic factors, and where prescribed programs are designed to reduce the risk prior to considering release. Other reintegration programs, services and work placements (including employability skills development) may be used, as well as any other risk management strategies other than programs, in both institutions and the community.

OFFENDERS WITH LOW REINTEGRATION POTENTIAL:

• Correctional programs (living skills, substance abuse, family violence, sex offender treatment) and other reintegration programming (employment, education, social programs) are to be provided in institutions prior to release, and continued thereafter in the community as required. The full range of risk management strategies should be used, both in institutions and the community, as adapted to the risk posed by the individual offender.

To assist Parole Officers/Primary Workers in making program-related decisions, see National Correctional Program Guidelines: Making Referrals and Managing Correctional Plans.

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