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Stem cells the core of colon cancer: study
Canadian scientists say they have evidence that shows colon cancer arises from stem cells, a finding that could lead to more effective treatments to fight the disease.
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ACG: Colonoscopy May Have High-Tech Future
LAS VEGAS, Oct. 31 -- Pill-sized cameras, self-navigating endoscopes, and other high-tech gadgetry may one day supplant or augment conventional colonoscopy for colon cancer detection, according to a technology review presented here. At an industry-sponsored symposium held in conjunction with the American College of Gastroenterology meeting, Jacques Van Dam, M.D., Ph.D., of Stanford offered a glimpse into the high-tech future of colonoscopy.
While conventional colonoscopy remains the gold standard for detecting colon cancer, Dr. Van Dam cited some drawbacks. For example, currently used colonoscopes are prone to "looping" upon insertion, which causes patient discomfort and interferes with the procedure, he said.
In addition, conventional colonoscopy still misses more than a quarter of small polyps (those 5 mm or less), especially those on the "backside" of a tissue fold, he said.
In one study comparing the results of 465 patients who underwent two conventional colonoscopies in the same day, the procedure missed 26% of polyps smaller than 5 mm, 13% of polyps 5mm to 10 mm, and 2.1% of those 10 mm or greater, Dr. Van Dam noted. The study was published in the February issue of the American Journal of Gastroenterology.
Dr. Van Dam discussed several investigational devices that promise to improve on conventional colonoscopy.
1) The Aer-O-Scope
One of these was the Aer-O-Scope, a disposable, self-propelling, self-navigating endoscope made by G.I. View of Ramat Gan in Israel. The device, which provides a 360-degree view, captures high-resolution video pictures of the colon walls and transmits them in real time to a computer monitor.
Because advancement through the colon and retraction are largely automated with this device, it requires minimal training and skill to operate, Dr. Van Dam said.
In a pilot feasibility study of 12 healthy volunteers (ages 20 to 43), the device achieved cecal intubation in 10 of the 12. The average intubation time was 14 minutes. The procedure was well-tolerated, with two patients requesting analgesia and four complaining of bloating and swelling, Dr. Van Dam said.
2) The PillCam
Another investigational device is the PillCam, made by Given Imaging of Yoqneam in Israel. The capsule measures 11 mm by 32 mm, roughly the size of a large vitamin pill. The capsule has tiny cameras at each end which capture four images per second for up to 10 hours.
The patient swallows the PillCam with a glass of water and also takes prokinetic agents to help move the capsule along the digestive tract. The images are transmitted to a workstation for video review.
This procedure requires no sedation, and "it has the potential to improve compliance with colorectal cancer screening for patients unable or unwilling to undergo standard colonoscopy," Dr. Van Dam said.
In a study presented at the ACG meeting here, Blair Lewis, M.D., of Mount Sinai in New York, reported that of 25 patients who underwent the PillCam procedure, 22 passed the camera through the rectum within 10 hours. The average time was four hours. The other three patients passed the device in less than 25 hours.
3) The'Third Eye' Retroscope
Finally, Dr. Van Dam discussed the "Third Eye" Retroscope, a device made by Avantis Medical Systems, Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif. This imaging device is passed through the instrument channel of a standard colonoscope until it extends beyond the colonoscope's tip. As the device emerges, it automatically turns around 180 degrees to aim backward toward the tip of the colonoscope. As the colonoscope is withdrawn from the colon, the "Third Eye" comes along with it, providing a continuous backward view to complement the forward view of the colonoscope.
A non-clinical study published in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy suggests that this device may perform better than standard colonoscopy in detecting polyps "hiding" on folds, Dr. Van Dam said. In this study, three anatomical models of the colon were prepared with multiple simulated polyps. About one-third of the simulated polyps were obvious and roughly two-thirds were located on the proximal aspect of folds.
Six endoscopists examined each model with both a standard colonoscope and one assisted by the Third Eye. Standard colonoscopy detected only 12% of the "hidden" simulated polyps, compared with an 81% detection rate for standard colonoscopy plus the Third Eye (P<0.001), Dr. Van Dam said.
"Improving the odds in colorectal cancer screening is an important goal in research and practice," and these experimental technologies show promise in achieving that goal, Dr. Van Dam said.
At this symposium, Roy K.H. Wong, M.D., of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, discussed new treatment strategies for GERD and Barrett's esophagus, and David A. Peura, M.D., of the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center in Charlottesville, stressed the importance of preventing GI complications in patients on NSAIDs.
One of the new technologies discussed by Dr. Van Dam, capsule endoscopy, may also be useful for diagnosing Barrett's esophagus, Dr. Wong said. In a recent study including 41 patients with suspected Barrett's, capsule endoscopy performed with a specificity and sensitivity of 86% in detecting long-segment Barrett's esophagus. This data indicates the technology is promising, he said.
In his presentation, Dr. Peura said that physicians aren't doing enough to prophylactically prevent GI events in patients who are at risk because they are taking NSAIDs.
Among patients discharged from hospitals on ulcerogenic mediations including NSAIDs, 48% received some form of prophylactic medicine to prevent ulcers or other GI events, according to a recent study in Gastroenterology, Dr. Puera said. Appropriate gastroprotective medications in patients taking NSAIDs include proton pump inhibitors, histamine receptor antagonists, and Cytotec (misoprostol,) he said.
The symposium was supported by a grant from TAP Pharmaceutical of Lake Forest, Ill.
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Study Finds No Link Between Diet, Colon Cancer
ISLAMABAD: A large new study has found no link between eating patterns and colorectal cancer risk, suggesting that keeping one's weight down with exercise may be the best way to prevent this type of cancer, the study's lead author says.
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Disease double-teamed
Two separate teams have designed new models to determine a person's genetic risk for colorectal cancer
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Golf tournament raises funds to fight colorectal cancer
FORE A GOOD CAUSE: Stephen Ames, Alan Peters, Francine Peters, and Doug Carrick prepare to head out on the links during Bigwin Island Golf Club’s annual Charitable Golf Tournament on Monday, raising money for the fight against colorectal cancer.
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Does Genetic Testing From Different Labs Yield the Same Result?
For individuals who develop colorectal cancers at a young age or have a family history of such cancers, microsatellite instability testing (MSI) has become an almost standard component of clinical evaluation. However, there have been no reports of how well the results from any given laboratory agree with any other laboratory.
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Cancer Patients Continue Hunger Strike
Colon cancer patients are in their 8th day of a hunger strike, continuing to demand that expensive medications they need to treat their condition be funded by the government.
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Cancer-Fighting Spice?
Many people love to eat spicy foods. Now there's word that a popular Indian spice may have cancer-fighting properties.
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Dangerous divide
The short trip from Ottawa to Gatineau represents a huge chasm when it comes to treating cancer. Holly Lake looks at Ontario's refusal to pay for an effective (but costly) new drug
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Laparoscopic Surgery for Cancer of the Colon:
A. Smith, R.B. Rumble, B. Langer, H. Stern, F. Schwartz, M. Brouwers, and members of Cancer
Care Ontario’s Laparoscopic Colon Cancer Surgery Expert Panel and Program in
Evidence-based Care
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Colon Cancer Screening, Prevention and Treatment on HealthAccess and SantéVousBien
MONTREAL, March 13 /CNW Telbec/ - This week, with noted colon cancer
specialist Dr. Jean Maroun, the health radio series HealthAccess and French
language SantéVousBien, will explore the screening, prevention and treatment
of colon cancer - a disease that will affect 19,000+ Canadian men and women
and kill some 8,400 people this year.
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March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month
Transmitted by CNW Group on : March 1, 2006 06:59
"Preventable, Treatable and Beatable"
MONTREAL and TORONTO, March 1 /CNW/ - Today marks the beginning of
colorectal cancer awareness month in Canada...
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Cochrane review abstract and plain language summary
This is an abstract and plain language summary of a regularly updated, systematic review prepared and maintained by The Cochrane Collaboration. The full text of the review is available in The Cochrane Library (ISSN 1464-780X).
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Cancer Survivorship—Genetic Susceptibility and Second Primary Cancers: Research Strategies and Recommendations
Lois B. Travis, Charles S. Rabkin, Linda Morris Brown, James M. Allan, Blanche P. Alter, Christine B. Ambrosone, Colin B. Begg, Neil Caporaso, Stephen Chanock, Angela DeMichele, William Douglas Figg, Mary K. Gospodarowicz, Eric J. Hall, Michie Hisada, Peter Inskip, Ruth Kleinerman, John B. Little, David Malkin, Andrea K. Ng, Kenneth Offit, Ching-Hon Pui, Leslie L. Robison, Nathaniel Rothman, Peter G. Shields, Louise Strong, Toshiyasu Taniguchi, Margaret A. Tucker, Mark H. Greene
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Eating chicken may reduce your risk of colon cancer
WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, Vt. – Dec. 19, 2005 – A recent study in The American Journal of Gastroenterology revealed that patterns in diet may effect the development of colorectal adenomas, or precancerous polyps of the colon.
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Eating chicken may reduce your risk of colon cancer
WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, Vt. – Dec. 19, 2005 – A recent study in The American Journal of Gastroenterology revealed that patterns in diet may effect the development of colorectal adenomas, or precancerous polyps of the colon.
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Toward the Future of Cancer Prevention
Can most types of cancers be prevented? It's a question that has emerged in the past 20 years, given advances in screening and early diagnosis, rapid developments in genetics and molecular biology, and progress in the treatment of early disease and in next-generation targeted therapies.
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Omega-3s help reduce the risk of colon cancer
A study at the University of Minnesota determined that calcium may act to neutralize bile acids that contribute to colon cancer and omega-3 fatty acids reduced the colon cancer risk by 76 percent in a study of 320 men.
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High-fat dairy foods may reduce colorectal cancer risk
Last Updated: November 23, 2005
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - High intakes of high-fat dairy foods and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, according to a report in the October American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
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Clinical Trials With Immunotherapy For Breast And Colorectal Cancer
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine are conducting clinical trials on a unique approach to enhance the immune system in patients with breast or colorectal cancer. The study uses a potent immune-enhancing gene delivered directly into the cancer cells to make them look foreign to the body's immune system, which will then attack and destroy the cancer.
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Diagnostic technology transfusion
Quebec to add 10 PET scans by 2007; Goal of the plan is to provide cancer patients with timely access to machines: Couillard|
AARON DERFEL, The Gazette
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Cancer-drug success
Amgen remedy staving off disease
By Brent Hopkins, Staff Writer, LA Daily News
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Blacks diagnosed with colon cancer at younger age
NEW YORK (Reuters Health)
African-Americans are more susceptible to colon cancer at an earlier age than are whites, new study findings suggest, but they are also more likely to have tumors that respond well to treatment if caught early.
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Human Genome Says Cancer Drug Safe
Human Genome Sciences Inc. said Tuesday that its experimental cancer drug was well-tolerated by patients in a midstage trial.
www.forbes.com/
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$2.25 million, five-year grant from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation
An interdisciplinary team of scientists from Johns Hopkins and elsewhere has been selected to receive a $2.25 million, five-year grant from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation to develop a practical test to predict a person's risk of colon cancer by looking for a particular biological marker in the blood.
i-newswire.com
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Expensive cancer drugs get approval
Decision from Health Canada opens door for provinces to provide Avastin, Erbitux
By LISA PRIEST
Saturday, September 10, 2005 Updated at 2:41 PM EDT
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Colorectal Liver Metastases: CT, MR Imaging, and PET for Diagnosis—Meta-analysis1
Shandra Bipat, MSc, Maarten S. van Leeuwen, MD, PhD, Emile F. I. Comans, MD, PhD, Milan E. J. Pijl, MD, PhD, Patrick M. M. Bossuyt, PhD, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, PhD and Jaap Stoker, MD, PhD
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Paying the price for treatment:
Avastin is a promising new cancer drug but its steep cost reignites controversy
By Lisa Priest
Monday, August 1, 2005 Page A5
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Whither Irinotecan?
For four decades, oncologists had a limited choice of drug options to use in treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: fluorouracil (FU), FU, or FU.
Charles D. Blanke
OHSU Cancer Institute, Portland, OR
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Virtual Colonoscopy Reveals Diseases Outside The Colon, As Well
sciencedaily.com
Computed tomographic (CT) colonography, known as virtual colonoscopy, can be used to diagnose significant medical problems in organs outside the colon, according to a new study conducted at the San Francisco VA Medical Center (SFVAMC).
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No Evidence Calcium Fights Colon Cancer
Forbes.com
WEDNESDAY, July 20 (HealthDayNews) -- Calcium supplements may help prevent the development of polyps that can lead to colorectal cancer, but there's no evidence calcium actually prevents the malignancy itself, researchers say.
By Robert Preidt
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Nutrition Notes: The Next Frontier of Healthy Eating
infozine.com
By Karen Collins, MS, RD, CDN - The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) both issue science-based guidelines for healthful eating. But do these recommendations apply to everyone?
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Potent Spice Works to Block Growth of Melanoma in Lab Test
M. D. Anderson News Release 07/11/05
Curcumin, the pungent yellow spice found in both turmeric and curry powders, blocks a key biological pathway needed for development of melanoma and other cancers, say researchers from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center.
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Genetic colon cancer study
myDNA.com
Families with a certain type of hereditary colorectal cancer have a reduced cancer risk if they do not have a gene defect found in many with this type of cancer risk, according to a study in the April 27 issue of JAMA.
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PAPER: Family history and molecular features of children, adolescents and young adults with colorectal carcinoma
Carol A Durno, Mount Sinai Hospital and the Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
Melyssa Aronson, Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
Bharati Bapat, Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
Zane Cohen, Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
and Steven Gallinger, Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
Accepted 12 April 2005
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Surgery wait times vary widely across Ontario
CTV.ca
TORONTO — Despite increases in services, patients in Ontario still face long lineups for some cancer surgeries, joint replacement and cataract operations - and those wait times vary widely across the province, a landmark report released Wednesday says.
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Colon Cancer and IBD: Understanding the Link
Colon cancer, the third most common type of cancer in the United States, is a serious health threat for men and women over 50. However, if you are of the one million Americans living with an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), you face a higher risk for colon cancer than the average person.
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Dying of Shame:
Pat Burns' Public Admission Might Spark Others To Get Tested, Doctors Hope
By Jason Tchir, Toronto Sun, Mon, April 19, 2004
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Green Tea Clinical Trial
Synopsis
Green tea lung cancer prevention trial
P.I. Stephen Lam MD; BC Cancer Agency 2003
Former smokers with lung dysplasia
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Cancer care failing: Probe
Patients at home often have no support, report says
Quality of service varies `dramatically' across province
by ELAINE CAREY
MEDICAL REPORTER
Toronto Star
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Health Canada Screening Recommendations
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Canada. Regular screening can diagnose the disease at an early stage when it is more treatable, therefore reducing mortality.
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