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Home :Publications: Arthritis in Canada - An Ongoing Challenge

Arthritis in Canada

Arthritis in Canada -An Ongoing Challenge - image

An Ongoing Challenge

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Table of Contents

Acknowledgements
Executive Summary 
CHAPTER 1    Introduction 
CHAPTER 2    The Impact of Arthritis on Canadians
  Introduction
  Overview of Arthritis and Rheumatism in Canada
   
  • How Common is Arthritis?
  • Projections
  • Characteristics of People Living with Arthritis/Rheumatism
  Quality of Life of Individuals with Arthritis
  Visits to Care Providers and Use of Medication
   
  • Health Services Utilization
  • Access to Health Care
  • Medication Use
  Aboriginal People Living Off-reserve
   
  • Background
  • Prevalence of Arthritis Among Aboriginals Living Off-reserve and Non-Aboriginal People
  • Quality of Life of Aboriginal People with Arthritis Living Off-reserve and Non-Aboriginal People with Arthritis
  Discussion
  Implications
  Chapter 2 - Methodological Appendix
CHAPTER 3    The Burden of Arthritis in Canada
  Mortality
  Introduction
  Methods
  Results
   
  • Mortality from Arthritis by Age and Sex 
  • Mortality by Type of Arthritis
  • Trends in Mortality Over Time and Provincial/Territorial Comparisons
  • Comparisons with Mortality from Other Causes
  • Mortality from Treatment Complications - Gastrointestinal Bleeding 
  Discussion
  Life Expectancy and Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)
  Introduction
  The Impact of Eliminating Arthritis on Life Expectancy and HALE
  Discussion
  Economic Burden
  Introduction
  The Cost of Musculoskeletal Diseases
  Costs Attributed to Arthritis 
  Discussion
  Implications
  Chapter 3 - Methodological Appendix 
CHAPTER 4    Ambulatory Care Services 
  Introduction 
  Physician Billing Data
  Physician Visits Among Adults
  Discussion
  Implication
  Chapter 4 - Methodological Appendix
CHAPTER 5    Arthritis-Related Prescription Medications;
  Introduction;
   
  • Types of Arthritis-related Medications
  Methods;
   
  • Drug Identification Numbers (DINs)
  • Provincial Drug Plans
  Results;
   
  • Provincial Time Trends for Arthritis-associated Prescription Drugs
  • Prescriptions and Associated Diagnoses 
  Discussion
  Implications
  Chapter 5 - Methodological Appendix
CHAPTER 6    Hospital Services For Arthritis
  Introduction 
   
  • Hospital Care
  • Surgical Interventions
  Data Sources
   
  • Arthritis and Related Diagnoses
  • Arthritis and Related Orthopedic Procedures
  Results
   
  • Admissions 
  • Orthopedic Procedures  
  • Other Orthopedic Procedures
  Discussion
  Implications
  Methodological Appendix - Chapter 6 
   
  • Data Quality Issues
  • Technical Methods
  Glossary

List of Figures
CHAPTER 1    Introduction 
  Figure 1-1    Components of a Comprehensive Care Approach for the Management of Arthritis and Related Conditions
CHAPTER 2    The Impact of Arthritis on Canadians 
  Figure 2-1    Self-reported prevalence of specific chronic conditions, by sex, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-2     Self-reported prevalence and number of individuals with arthritis/ rheumatism, by age and sex, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-3     Number of individuals with arthritis/rheumatism, by age and sex, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-4     Crude (age-sex standardized) prevalence of arthritis /rheumatism, by province/territory, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-5     Number of individuals projected to have arthritis/rheumatism, by year and age group, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2001-2026
  Figure 2-6     Proportion of individuals with and without arthritis/rheumatism with less than secondary school education, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-7     Proportion of individuals with and without arthritis/rheumatism within the lowest/lower-middle income category, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-8     Proportion of individuals aged 20 to 64 years who were overweight, by age, household population, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-9     Proportion of individuals reporting any disability days in the previous 14 days, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-10     Proportion of people reporting moderate to severe pain, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000 
  Figure 2-11     Proportion of individuals with an HUI indicative of disability, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-12     Proportion of individuals reporting activity limitations, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-13     Proportion of individuals requiring help with daily activities, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-14     Proportion of individuals who rated their health as fair or poor, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-15     Proportion of individuals who rated their health as worse than a year earlier, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-16     Proportion of people reporting less than 6 hours of sleep per night, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-17     Proportion of individuals reporting sleeping problems most of the time, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-18     Proportion of individuals reporting life to be extremely stressful, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-19     Proportion of individuals with case depression, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000 
  Figure 2-20     Proportion of individuals not in the labour force, by age, household population aged 25 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-21     Proportion of individuals who reported being physically inactive, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-22     Proportion of individuals who consulted a primary care physician at least four times in previous year, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-23     Proportion of individuals who consulted a specialist at least once in the previous year, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-24     Proportion of individuals with arthritis who consulted a primary care physician or a specialist, by province/territory, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000 
  Figure 2-25     Proportion of individuals who indicated that they required but did not receive health care in the previous year, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-26     Proportion of individuals who had taken pain relievers (including arthritis medicine and anti-inflammatories) in the previous month, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 2-27     Proportion of individuals who had taken narcotic pain medication in the previous month, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 2-28     Proportion of individuals who had taken antidepressants in the previous month, by age, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 2-29     Standardized prevalence rates of specific chronic conditions among Aboriginal people living off-reserve and non-Aboriginal people aged 15 years and over, household population, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-30     Self-reported prevalence of arthritis among Aboriginal people living off-reserve and non-Aboriginals, by age and sex, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-31     Proportion of individuals with arthritis who reported an HUI score indicative of disability, by age, Aboriginal people living off-reserve and non-Aboriginal people, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Figure 2-32     Proportion of individuals with arthritis reporting activity limitations, by age, Aboriginal people living off-reserve and non-Aboriginal people, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
CHAPTER 3    The Burden of Arthritis in Canada 
  Figure 3-1     Number of deaths and mortality rates (deaths per 100,000) attributed to arthritis and related conditions, by age and sex, Canada, 1998
  Figure 3-2     Standardized mortality rates (deaths per 100,000) for all ages, by type of arthritis, Canada, 1985-1998
  Figure 3-3     Mortality rates (deaths per 100,000) for arthritis and related conditions, by year and age group, 1985-1998, Canada
  Figure 3-4     Age- and sex-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) (deaths per 100,000) for arthritis and related conditions, by province/territory, Canada, 1985-1998
  Figure 3-5     Economic burden of arthritis, by cost component, Canada, 1998
CHAPTER 4    Ambulatory Care Services 
  Figure 4-1     Person-visit rates to all physicians for arthritis and related conditions, by age, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-2     Person-visit rates to all physicians for osteoarthritis, by age, Canada, 1998/99 
  Figure 4-3     Person-visit rates to all physicians for rheumatoid arthritis, by age, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-4     Percentage of adults aged 15 years and over with arthritis and related conditions who saw surgical and medical specialists, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-5     Percentage of adults aged 15 years and over with osteoarthritis who saw surgical and medical specialists, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-6     Percentage of adults aged 15 years and over with rheumatoid arthritis who saw surgical and medical specialists, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-7     Percentage of adults aged 15 years and over with osteoarthritis who saw a surgical specialist, by age, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-8     Percentage of adults aged 15 years and over with rheumatoid arthritis who saw medical specialists, by age, Canada, 1998/99
  Figure 4-9     Average number of visits for arthritis and related conditions, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by adults aged 15 years and over, by type of physician, Canada, 1998/99
CHAPTER 5    Arthritis-Related Prescription Medications 
  Figure 5-1     Percentage of individuals aged 15 to 64 years with prescriptions for conventional NSAIDs in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 5-2     Percentage of individuals aged 65 years and over with prescriptions for conventional NSAIDs in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000;
  Figure 5-3     Percentage of individuals aged 65 years and over with prescriptions for COX-2 inhibitors in five provinces, Canada, 2000
  Figure 5-4     Percentage of individuals aged 15 to 64 years with prescriptions for corticosteroids in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 5-5     Percentage of individuals 65 years and over with prescriptions for corticosteroids in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 5-6     Percentage of individuals aged 15 to 64 years with prescriptions for DMARDs in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 5-7     Percentage of individuals 65 years and over with prescriptions for DMARDs in five provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
CHAPTER 6    Hospital Services for Arthritis 
  Figure 6-1     Hospital services for people with arthritis and related conditions
  Figure 6-2     Age- and sex-standardized rate of hospital admissions, by diagnosis, Canada, 1994 - 2000
  Figure 6-3     Rate of arthritis-related hospital admissions per 100,000 population, by age and sex, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-4     Age- and sex-standardized rate of medical admissions per 100,000 population for people with an arthritis-related condition, by province, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-5     Number of inpatient and outpatient arthritis-related orthopedic procedures in selected provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-6     Number of arthritis-relevant orthopedic procedures in selected provinces, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-7     Number of total hip and knee replacements per 100,000 population, Canada, 1994 - 2000
  Figure 6-8     Age-standardized rate of total hip or knee replacement per 100,000 population, by sex, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-9     Number and crude rate of total knee replacements per 100,000 population, by age, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-10     Number and crude rate of total hip replacements per 100,000 population, by age, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-11     Average length of stay for patients with arthritis or a related condition undergoing total hip or knee replacement, by sex, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-12     Average length of stay for patients with arthritis or a related condition undergoing total hip replacement surgery, by sex and province, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-13     Average length of stay for patients with arthritis or a related condition undergoing total knee replacement surgery, by sex and province, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-14     Age-standardized rates of other replacements per 100,000 population for selected provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-15     Rates of other replacements per 100,000 population for selected provinces, by age and sex, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-16     Age- and sex-standardized rates of knee procedures (excluding total knee replacements) for selected provinces per 100,000 population, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-17     Rate of knee arthroscopy per 100,000 population in selected provinces, by age and sex, Canada, 2000
  Figure 6-18     Age- and sex-standardized rates of spine and other non-knee procedures per 100,000 population for selected provinces, Canada, 1994-2000
  Figure 6-19     Rate of spine and other non-knee procedures per 100,000 population in selected provinces, by age and sex, Canada, 2000

List of Tables 
CHAPTER 1    Introduction 
  Table 1-1    Major types of arthritis
CHAPTER 2    The Impact of Arthritis on Canadians 
  Table 2-1    Projected number of individuals aged 15 years and over with arthritis /rheumatism and prevalence of the condition, by sex, Canada, 2001-2026
  Table 2-2    Marital status of individuals with and without arthritis/rheumatism, by sex, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
  Table 2-3    Proportion of individuals who consulted a specified health care provider at least once, household population aged 15 years and over, Canada, 2000
CHAPTER 3    The Burden of Arthritis in Canada 
  Table 3-1     Number (N) of deaths and mortality rate (deaths per 100,000) for all ages, by underlying cause, Canada, 1998 
  Table 3-2     Number (N) of deaths and mortality rates (deaths per 100,000) for gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, by age and sex, Canada, 1998
  Table 3-3     Effect of eliminating arthritis on life expectancy at birth, Canada, 1997 (1996-1998)
  Table 3-4     Effect of eliminating arthritis on health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) at birth, Canada, 1997 (1996-1998)
  Table 3-5     Economic burden of arthritis, by cost component, Canada, 1998
  Table 3A-1     Arthritis and gastrointestinal bleeding mortality codes 
  Table 3A-2     Methods for calculating life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for people with arthritis
CHAPTER 4    Ambulatory Care Services 
  Table 4-1     Visits to all physicians for arthritis and related conditions among adults aged 15 years and over, Canada, 1998/99
  Table 4-2     Person-visit rates to all physicians for arthritis and related conditions among adults aged 15 years and over, by province, Canada, 1998/99
  Table 4-3     Distribution of type of physician seen by adults aged 15+ years for arthritis and related conditions, Canada, 1998/99
  Table 4A-1     Arthritis and related conditions diagnostic codes
CHAPTER 5    Arthritis-Related Prescription Medications 
  Table 5-1     Number and percentage of NSAID, corticosteroid, and DMARD prescriptions for individuals with at least one musculoskeletal (MSK)
diagnosis during the previous year, Quebec, 1998
  Table 5A-1     Drug categories
  Table 5A-2     Details of provincial drug plans as of January 2003 
CHAPTER 6    Hospital Services for Arthritis
  Table 6-1     Age-standardized rates of total hip and knee replacement per 100,000 population, by province, Canada, 1994 and 2000
  Table 6-2     Variation in the age- and sex-standardized rate of selected arthritis relevant procedures performed, by province, Canada, 2000
  Table 6A-1     Arthritis and related diagnoses
  Table 6A-2     Arthritis relevant orthopedic surgical procedure CCP codes
 
Last Updated: 2003-10-17 Top
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