Profiles and Transitions of Groups at Risk of Social Exclusion: Lone Parents

Appendix B: 1993-1998 Detailed Longitudinal Tabulations

Table B.1 Detailed longitudinal incidence of low income, 1993-98.
Female major income recipients in families with children under 18 yrs of age¹
	Lone parents			Lone mothers			Female major recipient in couples with kids<18
	All lone parents	No family change	Rest of lone parents	All lone mothers	No family change	Rest of lone mothers	All major recipients	No family change	Rest of major recipients
*All major income recipients*	628,531	245,404	383,127	534,988	219,289	315,699	651,926	178,760	473,167
*Incidence of ever low income in 1993-98*
Low income major income recipients	358,318	143,976	214,341	321,038	137,163	183,874	162,404	27,947	134,457
Incidence of low income	57%	59%	56%	60%	63%	58%	25%	16%	28%
Low income gap before transfers	83%	87%	79%	84%	89%	79%	70%	61%	72%
Low income gap after transfers	28%	24%	31%	26%	24%	29%	29%	24%	30%
*Incidence of always low income in 1993-98*
Low income major income recipients	82,975	50,129	***	65,980	44,719	***	***	***	***
Incidence of low income	13%	20%	***	12%	20%	***	***	***	***
Low income gap before transfers	88%	89%	***	91%	92%	***	***	***	***
Low income gap after transfers	32%	29%	***	32%	30%	***	***	***	***
*Incidence of cumulative income<LICO*
Low income major income recipients	208,163	114,512	93,651	182,545	107,977	74,568	78,696	***	66,600
Incidence of low income	33%	47%	24%	34%	49%	24%	12%	***	14%
Low income gap before transfers	86%	89%	82%	88%	90%	83%	77%	***	80%
Low income gap after transfers	29%	25%	35%	28%	25%	32%	31%	***	32%
1. Sample of female major income recipients, age 16-55, and at least one child under 18 in 1993. ***Less than 30 observations.

Table B.2 Longitudinal profile of low income, 1993-98
	Lone Parents				Lone Mothers				Female major recipient in couples with kids<18
	Never low income	Low income 1-3 years	Low income 4-6 years	All¹	Never low income	Low income 1-3 years	Low income 4-6 years	All¹	Never low income	Low income 1-3 years	Low income 4-6 years	All¹
*Change in family status*
Yes change	168,786	116,079	98,263	383,127	131,825	108,506	75,368	315,699	338,710	74,183	60,274	473,167
No change	101,428	35,983	107,993	245,404	82,126	34,580	102,583	219,289	150,813	***	***	178,760
*Age in 1993*
16-29	34,007	59,315	51,509	144,830	27,798	59,037	51,509	138,344	86,281	***	***	117,714
30-55	236,207	92,747	154,747	483,701	186,153	84,049	126,443	396,645	403,242	77,674	53,296	534,212
*Age of youngest child in 1993*
0-5	69,556	76,852	101,372	247,779	53,771	75,448	95,962	225,181	248,941	47,223	34,412	330,576
6-11	94,723	43,155	38,517	176,395	74,969	39,738	34,541	149,247	132,952	25,947	***	187,485
12-17	105,934	32,056	66,367	204,357	85,211	27,900	47,449	160,560	107,630	***	***	133,865
*Student during the year*
Yes	***	24,417	42,091	79,177	***	***	41,679	76,156	***	***	***	***
No	253,386	127,366	163,894	544,646	200,011	119,905	136,002	455,918	476,402	84,413	65,571	626,386
*Level of education of non-students*
Less than high school	27,993	32,516	74,374	134,883	***	28,762	64,209	109,026	52,088	***	***	97,295
High school diploma	35,495	***	***	102,898	26,860	***	***	84,839	90,252	***	***	115,564
Some post-secondary	32,805	***	***	75,541	28,458	***	***	65,361	45,988	***	***	68,932
Post-secondary degree	157,093	42,792	***	231,325	128,638	40,211	***	196,692	288,075	44,637	***	344,596
*Members of a high-risk group*
Yes	***	32,575	61,614	122,616	***	27,587	59,214	108,633	27,927	***	***	64,560
No	241,787	119,487	144,641	505,915	192,118	115,499	118,738	426,355	461,596	82,137	43,634	587,366
*All*	*270,213*	*152,062*	*206,255*	*628,531*	*213,951*	*143,086*	*177,952*	*534,988*	*489,523*	*88,984*	*73,419*	*651,926*
1. All refers to the previous three groups 2. Full-time or part -time student *** Less than 30 observations.

Table B.3 Longitudinal persistence of low income, 1993-98, lone parent major incomes recipients¹
	Lone parents			Lone mothers
	All lone parents	No marital change/ always had kid<18/ always major recipient	Rest of lone parents	All lone mothers	No marital change/ always had kid<18/ always major recipient	Rest of lone mothers
*Years spent in low income in 1993-98*
- 1 years	63,391	***	53,819	59,456	***	50,162
- 2 years	54,613	***	44,962	49,572	***	41,047
- 3 years	34,058	***	***	34,058	***	***
- 4 years	62,214	***	33,076	53,306	***	***
- 5 years	61,066	***	***	58,666	***	***
- 6 years	82,975	50,129	***	65,980	44,719	***
All with 1+ years in low income	358,318	143,976	214,341	321,038	137,163	183,874
*Average years in low income in 1993-98*
Among those with 1+ years in
low income	3.7	4.4	3.2	3.6	4.4	3.0
*Hazard exit rates*
- after 1 years	39%	***	47%	41%	***	51%
- after 2 years	***	***	***	***	***	***
- after 3 years	***	***	***	***	***	***
- after 4 years	***	***	***	***	***	***
- after 5+ years	***	***	***	***	***	***
*Average completed low income spell in 1998*
Among those with a low
income spell	2.6	3.6	1.7	2.6	3.6	1.7
1. Sample of major income recipients, age 16 -55, with at least one child under 18 in 1993. *** Less than 30 observations.

Table B.4 Entries into and exits out of low income, 1993-98 -- Lone parent major income recipients¹
	Lone parents			Lone mothers
	All lone parents	No marital change/always had kid<18/always major recipient	Rest of lone parents	All lone mothers	No marital change/always had kid<18/always major recipient	Rest of lone mothers
*1. Low income entry and exit rates, 1993-98*
- entered into low income	***	***	***	***	***	***
- exited from low income	49,595	***	***	48,181	***	***
- continued in low income	162,729	80,164	82,566	137,804	74,754	63,050
- continued out of low income	397,073	135,825	261,248	335,818	115,120	220,698
- all lone parents	628,531	245,404	383,127	534,988	219,289	315,699
*2. At least one low income entry in 1993-98*
*All transitions*
Could have entered into low income	530,850	183,345	347,505	454,303	162,640	291,663
Entered into low income	179,525	54,221	125,304	161,602	54,221	107,380
Entry rate	34%	30%	36%	36%	33%	37%
*Significant transitions*
Could have entered into low income	497,052	159,168	337,883	420,504	138,463	282,041
Entered into low income	117,229	30,701	86,528	102,271	30,701	71,570
Entry rate	24%	19%	26%	24%	22%	25%
*3. At least one low income exit in 1993-98*
*All transitions*
Could have exited low income	351,736	140,081	211,655	315,697	133,268	182,429
Exited low income	232,961	76,072	156,889	219,446	74,668	144,777
Exit rate	66%	54%	74%	70%	56%	79%
*Significant transitions*
Could have exited low income	326,523	137,344	189,179	294,310	130,531	163,779
Exited low income	172,460	50,025	122,435	165,738	48,621	117,116
Exit rate	53%	36%	65%	56%	37%	72%
1. Sample of major income recipients, age 16-55, with at least one child under 18 in 1993. *** Less than 30 observations.

Profiles and Transitions of Groups at Risk of Social Exclusion: Lone Parents - November 2002

Appendix B: 1993-1998 Detailed Longitudinal Tabulations