Environmental Code of Practice for Base Metals Smelters and Refineries: Code of Practice, Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999.

March 2006
EPS 1/MM/11 E
Metals Section
Natural Resource Sectors
Pollution Prevention Directorate
Environmental Stewardship Branch
Environment Canada

  Download the report in Adobe PDF format (2669 KB).

TABLE OF CONTENTS (TOC)

1. Abstract
2. Résumé

SUMMARY

1. S.1 Context
2. S.2 Code Objectives
3. S.3 Code Scope, Development, and Implementation
4. S.4 Smelter and Refinery Operations and Environmental Concerns
5. S.5 Recommended Environmental Protection Practices

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1. 1.1 Sector Description
2. 1.2 Code Objectives
3. 1.3 Code Structure
4. 1.4 Code Scope
5. 1.5 Code Development
6. 1.6 Code Implementation

2.0 OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES

1. 2.1 Pretreatment
2. 2.2 Roasting
3. 2.3 Smelting
4. 2.4 Converting
5. 2.5 Fire Refining (Anode Refining)
6. 2.6 Electrorefining
7. 2.7 Carbonyl Refining
8. 2.8 Leaching
9. 2.9 Electrowinning
10. 2.10 Casting
11. 2.11 Process Off-Gas Conditioning

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS

1. 3.1 Roasting
2. 3.2 Smelting
3. 3.3 Converting
4. 3.4 Fire Refining
5. 3.5 Electrorefining
6. 3.6 Carbonyl Refining
7. 3.7 Leaching
8. 3.8 Electrowinning
9. 3.9 Casting
10. 3.10 Process Off-Gas Conditioning

4.0 RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PRACTICES

1. 4.1 Environmental Management Systems
   1. 4.1.1 Environmental Policy Statement
   2. 4.1.2 Environmental Management Systems
   3. 4.1.3 Environmental Management Plans
   4. 4.1.4 Environmental Assessment
   5. 4.1.5 Pollution Prevention Planning
   6. 4.1.6 Emergency Planning
   7. 4.1.7 Decommissioning Planning
   8. 4.1.8 Environmental Training
   9. 4.1.9 Environmental Facility Inspection
   10. 4.1.10 Environmental Auditing
   11. 4.1.11 Environmental Performance Indicators
   12. 4.1.12 Product Stewardship
   13. 4.1.13 Public Reporting
   14. 4.1.14 Community Advisory Panel
2. 4.2 Atmospheric Releases Management
   1. 4.2.1 Prevention and Control of Fugitive Air Emissions
   2. 4.2.2 Collection and Control of Process Air Emissions
   3. 4.2.3 Total Particulate Matter Emissions Guidelines
   4. 4.2.4 Sulphur Fixation Guidelines
   5. 4.2.5 Mercury Emissions Guidelines
   6. 4.2.6 Dioxins and Furans Emissions Guidelines
   7. 4.2.7 Metals Emissions Limit Targets
   8. 4.2.8 Air Releases Reporting
   9. 4.2.9 Ambient Air Quality Objectives
   10. 4.2.10 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
3. 4.3 Water and Wastewater Management
   1. 4.3.1 Water Use/Reuse
   2. 4.3.2 Wastewater Collection
   3. 4.3.3 Wastewater Containment Sizing
   4. 4.3.4 Water Effluent Guidelines
   5. 4.3.5 Water Effluent Reporting
   6. 4.3.6 Ambient Water Quality Guidelines
   7. 4.3.7 Aquatic Environmental Effects Monitoring
4. 4.4 Waste Management
   1. 4.4.1 Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling
   2. 4.4.2 Location and Construction of Waste Disposal Sites
   3. 4.4.3 Development of Solid Waste Disposal Sites
   4. 4.4.4 Management of Waste Disposal Sites
   5. 4.4.5 Monitoring of Waste Disposal Sites
   6. 4.4.6 Waste Reporting
   7. 4.4.7 Waste Management

REFERENCES

1. References Cited
2. Additional References for Modelling and Critical Load Calculations

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

1. Appendix A: Canada-Wide Standards (CWS) for Mercury Emissions
2. Appendix B: Status Report Form on Conformance with the Environmental Code of Practice
3. List of Chemical Name Symbols/Acronyms

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

LIBRARY AND ARCHIVES CANADA CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION

TABLES

1. Table S.1 Recommendations for Environmental Management Systems
2. Table S.2 Recommendations for Atmospheric Releases Management
3. Table S.3 Recommendations for Water and Wastewater Management
4. Table S.4 Recommendations for Waste Management
5. Table 1 Refined Metals Production in Canada (2002)
6. Table 2 Ambient Air Quality Objectives
7. Table 3 Ambient Water Quality Guidelines
8. Table 4 Water Quality Guidelines for Total Ammonia for the Protection of Aquatic Life

FIGURES

1. Figure 1 Process Overview for the Extraction and Processing of Base Metals
2. Figure 2 Processes Involved in the Extraction and Refining of Base Metals