MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT NAME: Mycoplasma orale, M. salivarium, M. fermentans SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: N/A CHARACTERISTICS: Gram-negative pleomorphic cells, smaller than conventional bacteria (0.2-2µm), parasitic and saprophytic in existence SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARD PATHOGENICITY: Mucosally associated, respiratory and urogenital tract localization, rarely penetrates the submucosa; M. orale - common in upper respiratory tract; M. salivarium - common non-pathogenic species of upper respiratory tract and oral cavity; M. fermentans - occasionally isolated from oropharynx of humans, strains have been isolated from brains of AIDS patients EPIDEMIOLOGY: Worldwide; M. salivarium frequently isolated from individuals with periodontal disease HOST RANGE: Humans, non-human primates INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Droplet exposure from the oropharynx INCUBATION PERIOD: Not clearly identified COMMUNICABILITY: Low SECTION III - DISSEMINATION RESERVOIR: Humans, non-human primates; M. salivarium occasionally found in horses ZOONOSIS: None VECTORS: None SECTION IV - VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin and aminoglycosides DRUG RESISTANCE: M. fermentans isolates from AIDS patients are erythromycin resistant SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Sensitive to disinfectants - 1% sodium hypochlorite and 70% ethanol, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, iodines PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to drying, moist heat (121° C for at least 15 min) and dry heat (160-170° C for at least 1 hour) SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Sensitive and will only survive 4-6 h at room temperature SECTION V - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Antibiotic therapy IMMUNIZATION: None available PROPHYLAXIS: Not usually administered SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: 4 reported cases of Mycoplasma infection up to 1976 SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Blood, synovial fluid, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, prostatic secretions, semen, wound aspirates, sputum, pleural fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage specimens; swabs from nasopharynx, cervix, vagina, wounds and urethra PRIMARY HAZARDS: Low risk; droplet exposure of mucus membranes; infectious aerosols; parenteral inoculation; ingestion SPECIAL HAZARDS: None SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Well designed laboratory with good microbiological practices; this level of containment does not allow for any additional risk that may present for those persons with pre-existing disease, compromised immunity or who are pregnant PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when direct contact with infectious materials is unavoidable OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATION SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wear protective clothing; gently cover spill with paper towels and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal - steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Date prepared: March, 2001 Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date. Copyright © [Material Safety Data Sheets - Index]
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Last Updated: 2001-05-15 |