Priority Substances List Assessment Report for Acrylonitrile

Environment Canada
Health Canada
2000
ISBN: 0-662-28587-5
Cat. No.: En 40-215/49E

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(597K)

Canadian Environmental Protection Act 1999

Table of Contents

• List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
• Synopsis
• 1.0 Introduction
• 2.0 Summary of Information Critical to Assessment of "Toxic"Undercepa 1999
  • 2.1 Identity and physical/chemical properties
  • 2.2 Entry characterization
    • 2.2.1 Production, importation and uses
    • 2.2.2 Sources and releases
      • 2.2.2.1 Natural sources
      • 2.2.2.2 Anthropogenic sources
        • 2.2.2.2.1 Organic chemicals industry
        • 2.2.2.2.2 Vehicles
        • 2.2.2.2.3 Municipal wastewater treatment
        • 2.2.2.2.4 Transboundary sources
        • 2.2.2.2.5 Pesticide use
  • 2.3 Exposure characterization
    • 2.3.1 Environmental fate
      • 2.3.1.1 Air
      • 2.3.1.2 Water
      • 2.3.1.3 Soil and sediment
      • 2.3.1.4 Biota
      • 2.3.1.5 Environmental partitioning
    • 2.3.2 Environmental concentrations
      • 2.3.2.1 Ambient air
      • 2.3.2.2 Indoor air
      • 2.3.2.3 Surface water and groundwater
      • 2.3.2.4 Drinking water
      • 2.3.2.5 Soil and sediment
      • 2.3.2.6 Biota
      • 2.3.2.7 Food
      • 2.3.2.8 Multimedia study
  • 2.4 Effects characterization
    • 2.4.1 Ecotoxicology
      • 2.4.1.1 Terrestrial organisms
      • 2.4.1.2 Aquatic organisms
      • 2.4.1.3 Mode of action
      • 2.4.1.4 Microbial populations
    • 2.4.2 Abiotic atmospheric effects
    • 2.4.3 Experimental animals and in vitro
      • 2.4.3.1 Acute toxicity
      • 2.4.3.2 Short-term toxicity
      • 2.4.3.3 Subchronic toxicity
      • 2.4.3.4 Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity
        • 2.4.3.4.1 Inhalation
        • 2.4.3.4.2 Drinking water
        • 2.4.3.4.3 Gavage
      • 2.4.3.5 Genotoxicity
        • 2.4.3.5.1 in vitro studies
        • 2.4.3.5.2 In vivo studies
      • 2.4.3.6 Reproductive and developmental toxicity
      • 2.4.3.7 Neurological effects and effects on theimmune system
      • 2.4.3.8 Toxicokinetics and mode of action
        • 2.4.3.8.1 Toxicokinetics
        • 2.4.3.8.2 Mode of action
    • 2.4.4 Humans
• 3.0 Assessment of "Toxic" Under CEPA 1999
  • 3.1 CEPA 1999 64(a): Environment
    • 3.1.1 Assessment endpoints
      • 3.1.1.1 Terrestrial organisms
      • 3.1.1.2 Aquatic organisms
    • 3.1.2 Environmental risk characterization
      • 3.1.2.1 Terrestrial organisms
      • 3.1.2.2 Aquatic organisms
      • 3.1.2.3 Discussion of uncertainty
  • 3.2 CEPA 1999 64(b): Environment on which life depends
  • 3.3 CEPA 1999 64(c): Human health
    • 3.3.1 Estimated population exposure
    • 3.3.2 Hazard characterization
      • 3.3.2.1 Effects in humans
      • 3.3.2.2 Effects in experimental animals
    • 3.3.3 Dose-response analyses
      • 3.3.3.1 Effects in humans
      • 3.3.3.2 Effects in experimental animals
        • 3.3.3.2.1 Non-neoplastic effects
        • 3.3.3.2.2 Cancer
    • 3.3.4 Human health risk characterization
    • 3.3.5 Uncertainties and degree of confidence in human health riskcharacterization
  • 3.4 Conclusions
  • 3.5 Considerations for follow-up (further action)
• 4.0 References
• Appendix A: Search Strategies Employed for Identification of Relevant Data

List of Tables

• Table 1 - Physical and chemical properties of acrylonitrile
• Table 2 - Demand for acrylonitrile in Canada, 1990-1997
• Table 3 - Predicted concentrations of acrylonitrile in southern Ontario from ChemCAN3modelling with various half-lives in air given (reported releases under Section16 of CEPA for 1996)
• Table 4 - Maximum predicted ground-level concentrations of acrylonitrile at anOntario industrial site
• Table 5 - Quantitative estimates of carcinogenic potency, derived for tumour incidencesreported in an inhalation bioassay with Sprague-Dawley rats
• Table 6 - Quantitative estimates of carcinogenic potency, derived for tumour incidencesreported in a drinking water bioassay with Sprague-Dawley rats
• Table 7 - Quantitative estimates of carcinogenic potency, derived for tumour incidencesreported in a drinking water bioassay with F344 rats
• Table 8 - Risk characterization summary for environmental effects of acrylonitrile
• Table 9 - Estimated daily intake of acrylonitrile by the population of Canada
• Table 10 - Estimated relative daily intake of acrylonitrile by the population of Canadabased upon the results of fugacity modelling
• Table11 - Estimated daily intake of acrylonitrile by the population of Canada:worst-case upper-bound estimates

List of Figures

• Figure 1 - Chemical structure of acrylonitrile