For every injury-related death, there are 40 hospitalizations and an estimated 670 emergency room visits for treatment of injuries. Injuries are the leading cause of death among Canadian children and youth less than 20 years old.(1) Many of these deaths are preventable. Fatalities account for only a part of the health and economic burden associated with injury. Recent data on young people show that for every injury-related death there are 40 hospitalizations and an estimated 670 emergency room visits for treatment of injuries.(2) Injury mortality statistics include deaths due to unintentional injuries, such as motor vehicle crashes and falls, as well as deaths due to suicide and assault, which includes child maltreatment. Adverse events occurring during medical treatment are not included in this report. Injury mortality rates are expressed as the number of deaths per 100,000 population per year. In Canada in 1996, 1,280 (16.0/100,000) people under the age of 20 died from injuries 30.5% of all deaths in this age group. Injury mortality rates were much higher among males (21.5/100,000) than females (10.2/100,000), and rates were highest in the 15-19 year age group (39.0/100,000), in which injuries accounted for 74.8% of all deaths. Unintentional injuries (11.1/100,000) accounted for 69.6% of the injury-related deaths among children and youth less then 20 years of age. Of these, 60.9% were associated with motor vehicle crashes, which were the leading cause of unintentional injury-related death at all ages except less than one year; in infants, suffocation predominated. Suicide and homicide accounted for 21.2% and 7.4% of the injury deaths respectively. The suicide rate was highest among 15-19 year olds (11.5/100,000); the highest homicide rate (4.2/100,000) was seen among children less than one year old. The age-standardized rates in Figure 1 show that the rate of death due to unintentional injury fell by close to two thirds between 1980 and 1996. This decline is likely due to the combined effects of prevention of injury-producing events, reduction in injury severity, and improved emergency response and trauma care. In contrast, the mortality rate for intentional injuries, particularly suicide, has remained constant.
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Note: Rates are standardized to the age distribution
of the 1991 Canadian population. |
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Figure 2 compares injury mortality rates for Canada and nine other developed countries.(3)
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Note: Time periods for individual country rates differ.
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Data limitations Summary Unless referenced otherwise, injury mortality statistics are the product of the Bureau of Reproductive and Child Health, LCDC(1)
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Last Updated: 1999-06-16 |