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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENTNAME: Mycobacterium spp. (other than M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. avium, M. leprae) SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Atypical mycobacteria, MOTT, M. kansasii, M. xenopi, M. simiae, M. szulgai, M. fortuitum, M. scrofulaceum, M. marinum, M. ulcerans, M. cheloni, M. smegmatis CHARACTERISTICS: Gram positive rods, acid-fast staining, aerobic, Runyon groups (Group I, photochromogens; Group II, scotochromogens; Group III, nonphotochromogens; Group IV, rapid growers) SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARDPATHOGENICITY: Pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis may be associated with M. kansasii, M. avium-intracellulare; lymphadenitis may be associated with M. scrofulaceum, M. avium complex; skin ulcers and soft tissue wound infections may be associated with M. fortuitum, M. cheloni, M. ulcerans and M. marinun EPIDEMIOLOGY: Not well delineated; factors such as host tissue damage or immunodeficiency may predispose to infection HOST RANGE: Humans, domestic and wild animals INFECTIOUS DOSE: Unknown MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Skin or mucous membrane contamination originating in the environment cause local soft tissue infections; in pulmonary and disseminated disease the mode of transmission is often not clear (may represent a reactivation of dormant lesions) INCUBATION PERIOD: Long incubation period COMMUNICABILITY: No evidence of person-to-person transmission SECTION III - DISSEMINATIONRESERVOIR: Ubiquitous in nature - soil, water, milk, dust, tissues of domestic animals ZOONOSIS: None VECTORS: None SECTION IV - VIABILITYDRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Combination drug therapy - drug susceptibility tests should be performed on isolated organisms SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Greater resistance to disinfectants and require longer contact times for most disinfectants to be effective; 5% phenol, 1% sodium hypochlorite (low organic matter and longer contact times), iodine solutions (high concentration of available iodine), glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde (longer contact time) are effective PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to moist heat (121·C for at least 15 min) SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Carcass and organs - up to 1 year; cereals - 3 years; soil - 2 years; water - 2 years; manure - up to 154 days; sawdust - 230 days SECTION V - MEDICALSURVEILLANCE: Cross-reactivity with standard tuberculin test (although react most intensely to the PPD from homologous organism) FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Combination antibiotic therapy; surgical excision may be more effective in some cases IMMUNIZATION: Not usually administered PROPHYLAXIS: Not usually administered SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDSLABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: 40 cases of non-pulmonary tuberculosis related to accidents in the laboratory or autopsy room SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Sputum, exudates from lesions, tissues, environmental samples (soil, water) PRIMARY HAZARDS: Direct contact of skin or mucous membranes with infectious materials; ingestion; accidental parenteral inoculation SPECIAL HAZARDS: Infectious aerosols created during manipulation of both cultures or tissue homogenates, of organisms associated with pulmonary disease also pose hazards to laboratory personnel SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONSCONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices, containment equipment, and facilities for activities with clinical materials and cultures; animal biosafety level 2 practices and facilities for animal studies PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when direct contact with infectious materials is unavoidable OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Appropriate practices and precautions to minimize the production of infectious aerosols SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATIONSPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with paper towels and apply 5% phenol, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATIONDate prepared: September, 1996 Prepared by: Office of Biosafety LCDC Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date.
[Material Safety Data Sheets - Index]
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Last Updated: 1997-10-11 | ![]() |