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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT NAME: Balantidium coli SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Balantidiosis, balantidiasis, balantidial dysentery CHARACTERISTICS: Ciliated protozoa with a large, ovoid trophozoite 40-70 µm long, covered with cilia; contains both macronucleus and micronucleus; cysts are usually 50-55 µm in diameter SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARD PATHOGENICITY: Infection of colon characterized by diarrhea or dysentery; accompanied by abdominal colic, tenesmus, nausea, and vomiting with bloody and mucoid stools EPIDEMIOLOGY: Worldwide; human infection rate is low; waterborne epidemics common in areas with poor sanitation or environmental contamination with swine feces HOST RANGE: Humans, other nonhuman primates and pigs INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Fecal-oral route; fecally contaminated water is a major mechanism of transmission INCUBATION PERIOD: Usually 4-5 days COMMUNICABILITY: As long as the illness persists SECTION III - DISSEMINATION RESERVOIR: Swine, non-human primates, rats, and possibly other animals ZOONOSIS: Via swine fecal contaminated soil VECTORS: None SECTION IV - VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to metronidazole, tetracycline, iodoquinol SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 2% glutaraldehyde (ordinary water chlorination does not destroy cysts) PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to heat SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Cysts survive for long periods in the environment SECTION V - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms; confirm by microscopic demonstration of trophozoite and cyst in feces FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Administer appropriate drug therapy IMMUNIZATION: None available PROPHYLAXIS: None available SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: None reported to date SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Stool specimens PRIMARY HAZARDS: Ingestion SPECIAL HAZARDS: Swine feces SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices are recommended for activities involving infectious stages of the parasite PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when skin contact with infectious materials is unavoidable OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATION SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle: wearing protective clothing gently cover the spill with absorbent paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite starting at the perimeter and working towards the center; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up DISPOSAL: Decontaminate all wastes before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Date prepared: November 1999 Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date. Copyright © [Material Safety Data Sheets - Index]
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Last Updated: 2001-01-23 | ![]() |