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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT NAME: Chlamydia trachomatis SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: TRIC agents, Bedsonia CHARACTERISTICS: Gram negative bacilli, obligate intracellular bacteria, non-motile SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARD PATHOGENICITY: Causes lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis; nongonococcal urethritis, epididymitis, cervicitis, urethritis, infant pneumonia, pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID), Reiter's syndrome (oligoarthritis) and neonatal conjunctivitis EPIDEMIOLOGY: Worldwide; still endemic in impoverished parts of dry hot Mediterranean countries and Far East, and among American Indians; C. trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial agent HOST RANGE: Humans INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Direct contact with discharges from infected persons, or materials soiled therewith; venereal transmission INCUBATION PERIOD: 7 to 14 days for genital infection; 5 to 12 days for infant conjunctivitis; 6 to 19 days for adult conjunctivitis; 3 to 30 days for lymphogranuloma venereum; 5 to 12 days for trachoma COMMUNICABILITY: Unknown for genital disease SECTION III - DISSEMINATION RESERVOIR: Humans ZOONOSIS: None VECTORS: None SECTION IV - VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Resistant to penicillin; sensitive to doxycycline, tetracycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol, 2% glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Susceptible to moist heat (121°C for at least 15 min) and dry heat (160-170°C for at least 1 hour) SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Carcass and organs - 1 to 7 days; glass - 30 min; water (50°C) - 30 min SECTION V - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: Demonstration of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in epithelial cells of conjunctiva or isolation of organism; examination of endocervical or intraurethral swab by direct immunofluorescence, EIA, DNA probe or cell culture FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Flush exposed area of eye with water; topical or oral treatment with antibiotics IMMUNIZATION: None PROPHYLAXIS: Antibiotic prophylaxis SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: Chlamydia is the fifth most commonly reported infection (most are psittacosis); 6 reported cases of infection with C. trachomatis up to 1987 ; usually manifested as conjunctivitis, however severe cases of pneumonia have occurred through exposure to aerosols SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Genital, bubo and conjunctival fluids PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation; direct and indirect exposure of mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth to infected fluids (see above), cell culture materials and fluids from infected eggs; infectious aerosols are a potential source of infection SPECIAL HAZARDS: None SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices and containment for the diagnostic examination of tissues known or potentially infected with C. trachomatis; Biosafety level 3 may be indicated for activities with high potential for droplet or aerosol production or production quantities PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when direct contact with infectious materials is unavoidable; gown (tied wrists and tie in back) and gloves for work in biosafety cabinet OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Do not rub eyes while handling chlamydia-infected materials SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATION SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, chemical disinfection, incineration STORAGE: In sealed containers that are labelled appropriately SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Date prepared: November 1999 Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date. Copyright © [Material Safety Data Sheets - Index]
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Last Updated: 2001-01-23 | ![]() |