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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT NAME: Colorado tick fever virus SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Tick-borne fever, arbovirus CHARACTERISTICS: Coltivirus (Reoviridae), 65-70 nm diameter, ds RNA (Note change from single to double strand RNA) SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARD PATHOGENICITY: Acute febrile, often diphasic, dengue-like disease with infrequent rash; headache, chills, muscle pain, photophobia; brief remission followed by second bout of fever lasting 2-3 days; neutropenia, thrombocytopenia; occasional encephalitis, myocarditis, or hemorrhagic symptoms (especially in children); deaths are rare EPIDEMIOLOGY: Western North America; most frequent in adult males, but also affects children and women; seasonal incidence parallels the period of greatest tick activity; endemic in occurrence and common in affected area HOST RANGE: Humans, small mammals INFECTIOUS DOSE: Unknown MODE OF TRANSMISSION: By bite of an infective tick; immature ticks acquire infection by feeding on infected viremic animals; ticks remain infected through the various moults and transmit virus to humans by feeding as adult ticks INCUBATION PERIOD: Usually 4-5 days COMMUNICABILITY: Not directly transmitted from person to person, except by transfusion; ticks remain infective for life; virus is present in blood in humans during the course of fever, from 2-16 weeks or more after onset SECTION III - DISSEMINATION RESERVOIR: Small mammals, ground squirrels, chipmunk, porcupine ZOONOSIS: Yes, through bite of an infected tick VECTORS: Tick - Dermacentor andersoni SECTION IV - VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: N/A SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to 1% sodium hypochlorite, 70% ethanol, glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Inactivated by heat (50-60°C for at least 30 min) SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Does not survive outside of host SECTION V - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: Serological studies or isolation of virus from blood FIRST AID/TREATMENT: No specific treatment IMMUNIZATION: None available PROPHYLAXIS: None available SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: 16 reported laboratory-acquired infections SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Blood, CSF, other tissues; arthropods, depending on the stage of infection PRIMARY HAZARDS: Accidental parenteral inoculation, contact of the virus with broken skin or mucous membranes, bites of infected laboratory rodents or arthropods; infectious aerosols may also be a potential source of infection SPECIAL HAZARDS: None SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices, safety equipment and facilities are recommended for activities with potentially infectious clinical materials and arthropods and for manipulations of infected tissue cultures, embryonated eggs, and rodents PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves and gown when working with infectious materials OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATION SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing, gently cover spill with paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite, starting at perimeter and working towards the centre; allow sufficient contact time before clean up (30 min) DISPOSAL: Decontaminate before disposal; steam sterilization, incineration STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Date prepared: January 2000 Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date. Copyright © [Material Safety Data Sheets - Index]
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Last Updated: 2001-01-23 | ![]() |