Naphthalene

What is it?

This substance is a high volume chemical in Canada that is a component of crude oil, and has a characteristic mothball odour. It is generally found in liquid form or in crystals.

Where is it found and how is it used? 

Naphthalene is produced in Canada and imported to Canada in large quantities. It is a component of crude oil, coal tar, and certain fuels and oils. Naphthalene-based products are used as solvents for a number of industrial uses including the manufacture of pharmaceutical and agricultural products. Naphthalene can be found in driveway sealants, fuel and oil additives, paints, epoxies, and some hydrocarbon solvents. A common household use of naphthalene would be mothballs, and it can also be measured in tobacco smoke.

What are its effects?   

More than one reputable international organization has classified naphthalene as possibly carcinogenic to humans. It does not persist in the environment and is not considered bioaccumulative. Experimental data indicate that naphthalene can cause harm to aquatic organisms.

What are we doing?   

Based on the information obtained through the categorization process, this substance has been identified as a high priority for further action. As such, it has been included in the first batch of substances released under the Government of Canada's Challenge to industry and other stakeholders.

Under the Challenge, the Government of Canada will use existing legal tools and the regulatory process to obtain information from industry and other stakeholders on how they are managing this substance. New information will be reviewed by Government of Canada scientists to determine what further actions may be necessary to ensure that the health of Canadians and their environment are protected. If new information is not provided, the Government of Canada will nevertheless take action on a precautionary basis.  

For more information, see the technical substance profile.