Publications
Manure, Fertilizer and Pesticide Management in Canada
The Agri-Environmental indicator Project of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada was initiated in 1993 in response to recommendations made by several agencies, organizations and special studies. The overall objective of the project is to develop and provide information to help integrate environmental considerations into the decision-making processes of the agri-food sector.
The project aims to develop a core set of regionally-sensitive national indicators that build on and enhance the information base currently available on environmental conditions and trends related to primary agriculture in Canada. The Inputs Management component of the Farm Resource Management Indicator is an important part of the Agri-Environmental Indicator set. Indicators are also being developed for other aspects of farm resource management, as well as for water quality, agroecosystem biodiversity, soil quality, agricultural greenhouse gases and agricultural production efficiency.
Research results in the form of discussion papers, scientific articles and progress reports are released as they become available. A comprehensive report is planned for fiscal year 1998-99.
Table of Content
- Abstract
- Preface
- Executive Summary
- Introduction
- Results of the Farm Inputs Mangement Survey (FIMS)
- Section 1: Farm and Farm Operator Profiles
- Section 2: Manure Management
- Section 3: Commercial Fertilizer Management
- Section 4: Pesticide Management
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
- Appendix A: Description of the Agri-Environmental Indicators (AEI)
- Appendix B: Statistical details of the 1995 Farm Inputs Management Survey (FIMS)
- Appendix C: Description of the Ecozones of Canada with Significant Agricultural Activity
List of Tables
- Table 1: Total number of farms by farm type, by ecozone
- Table 2: Total number of farms by revenue class, by ecozone
- Table 3: Distribution of farms by reliance on farming for income, by ecozone
- Table 4: Distribution of farms by age of operator, by ecozone
- Table 5: Distribution of farms by education level of operator, by ecozone
- Table 6: Number of farms storing manure, by farm type, by ecozone
- Table 7: Proportion of farms storing liquid manure, by farm type, by ecozone
- Table 8: Proportion of farms storing solid manure, by farm type, by ecozone
- Table B.1: Population and sample size by province
- Table B.2: Population and sample size for ecozones with farms
- Table B.3: Population by ecozone and province
- Table B.4: Sample size by ecozone and province
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Terrestrial ecozones of Canada
- Figure 2: Percentage of farm land by ecozone
- Figure 3: Farm land use by ecozone
- Figure 4: Number of farms by ecozone
- Figure 5: Proportion of farms by major farm type, by ecozone
- Figure 6: Proportion of farms reporting livestock, by ecozone
- Figure 7: Proportion of beef farms that are feedlot operations, by ecozone
- Figure 8: Distribution of farms by revenue class, by ecozone
- Figure 9: Reliance on farming income by ecozone
- Figure 10: Is manure stored on this agricultural operation?
- Figure 11: Do you store any liquid manure?
- Figure 12: How is liquid manure stored?
- Figure 13: How many days of liquid manure production can you store?
- Figure 14: How far are the liquid manure storage facilities from the nearest watercourse?
- Figure 15: How far are the liquid manure storage facilities from any well used for domestic purposes?
- Figure 16: Do you store any solid manure?
- Figure 17: How is solid manure stored?
- Figure 18: How far are the solid manure storage facilities from the nearest watercourse?
- Figure 19: How far are the solid manure storage facilities from the nearest well?
- Figure 20: Of the farms that applied manure in 1995, what percentage applied manure last winter, in the spring, in the summer and in the fall?
- Figure 21: Of the total amount of manure applied in 1995, what percentage was applied last winter, in the spring, in the summer and in the fall?
- Figure 22: In 1995, were any crops grown (including hay)?
- Figure 23: In 1995, were any commercial fertilizers applied?
- Figure 24: In 1995, how was commercial fertilizer applied?
- Figure 25: How do you usually decide on the amount and type of commercial fertilizer to apply?
- Figure 26: Do you apply commercial fertilizers to land that has had manure applied to it?
- Figure 27: Do you reduce the amount of commercial fertilizer to offset the nutrient content of the manure?
- Figure 28: In 1995, did you apply commercial nitrogen?
- Figure 29: Of the total amount of nitrogen applied in 1995, what percentage of respondents applied nitrogen before planting, at planting and after planting?
- Figure 30: Of the total amount of nitrogen applied in 1995, what percentage of total nitrogen was applied before planting, at planting and after planting?
- Figure 31: Are legumes grown on this farm solely for ploughdown?
- Figure 32: Do you reduce the amount of commercial nitrogen to offset the nutrient content of the legume ploughdown?
- Figure 33: Do you conduct soil tests?
- Figure 34: How often do you soil test?
- Figure 35: In 1995, were herbicides applied to the crops?
- Figure 36: Which best describes how you decide when to apply herbicides?
- Figure 37: In 1995, were any insecticides applied to the crops?
- Figure 38: In 1995, were any fungicides applied to the crops?
- Figure 39: Which best describes how you decide when to apply insecticides/fungicides?
- Figure 40: Do you operate your own sprayer?
- Figure 41: When do you calibrate your sprayer?
- Figure 42: Do you use any pest control methods other than commercial pesticides?
Prepared in February 1998 for:
Economic and Policy Analysis Directorate, Policy Branch
Prepared by:
Policy Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada:
Robert Koroluk, Project Leader
Bruce Junkins
Deborah Niekamp
Tamantha Peters
Mark Spearin
John Wheeler
Agriculture Division, Statistics Canada:
Norah Hillary
Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada:
Ted Huffman
For more information on this publication, please e-mail: Econ_Research@agr.gc.ca.