Research and development in the pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals sector play a strong role in revolutionizing the way illnesses are prevented, diagnosed, treated and cured. Contributors to these efforts are found throughout the sector's major segments, which include brand-name drug manufacturers, generic drug manufacturers, firms developing bio-pharmaceutical products, non-prescription drug manufacturers, and firms undertaking research on a contract basis. Canadian universities, hospitals and research centres also play a pivotal role in the research and development activities of this sector.

As the Canadian health sector advances through the 21st century, pharmaceuticals and bio-pharmaceuticals remain a key component to a sector that is one of the most important drivers of the global economy.