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Influenza activity remains low in Canada Antigenic Characterization: * The WHO recommends that the vaccines to be used in the 2007-2008 season (northern hemisphere) contain the following: an A/Solomon Islands/3/2006 (H1N1)-like virus; an A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2)-like virus; and a B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like (B/Victoria/2/1987 lineage) virus. Antiviral Resistance: International:WHO: During weeks 40-43, the level of overall influenza activity in the world remained low with sporadic activity observed in some countries. In countries reporting sporadic influenza activity, both influenza A (H1 and H3) and B were detected. CDC: A low level of influenza activity was reported in the United States during week 43 with only 2 states reporting localized activity. Of the 1,252 specimens tested for influenza virus, 33 (2.6%) were positive. Of the positive influenza detections to date, 93% (112/120) were influenza A and 7% (8/120) were influenza B. The proportion of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza was below the epidemic threshold, and the proportion of outpatient visits for ILI (1.3%) was below national and region-specific baseline levels. From May 20 - September 29, 2007, CDC antigenically characterized 14 influenza isolates: 2 influenza A (H1) (both A/Solomon Islands/3/2006(H1N1)-like); 10 influenza A (H3) (6 A/Wisconsin/67/2005(H3N2)-like, 2 A/Brisbane/10/2007(H3N2)-like and 2 showed reduced titers to A/Wisconsin/67/2005 and A/Brisbane/10/2007); and 2 B/Yamagata lineage viruses. EISS: In week 44, low levels of influenza activity in Europe were reported which is typical for this time of year. There have only been sporadic laboratory confirmed cases of influenza since week 40 (N=47) of which 64% were influenza A and 36% influenza B. So far this season, the consultation rates for ILI and/or ARI for Europe as a whole have been at levels usually seen outside the winter period. Based on antigenic and/or genetic characterization of 7 influenza viruses, 6 were A/Solomon Islands/3/2006(H1N1)-like and 1 was B/Florida/4/2006-like (B/Yamagata/16/88 lineage). However, it is too early to say which virus type or subtype will become dominant in Europe this season. Human Avian Influenza: Since 3 November 2007, the WHO reported one new case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus from Indonesia. The case was a 30-year-old female who developed symptoms on 23 October, was hospitalized on 31 October, and died in an avian influenza referral hospital on 3 November. Recommendation for the Use of Amantadine for Treatment and Prevention of Influenza | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() Total number of influenza tests performed and number of positive tests by province/territory of testing laboratory, Canada, 2007-2008
Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals. Abbreviations: Newfoundland/Labrador (NL), Prince Edward Island (PE), New Brunswick (NB), Nova Scotia (NS), Quebec (QC), Ontario (ON), Manitoba (MB), Saskatchewan (SK), Alberta (AB), British Columbia (BC), Yukon (YT), Northwest Territories (NT), Nunavut (NU) Respiratory virus laboratory detections in Canada, by geographic
regions, are available weekly on the following website: Number of influenza surveillance regions† reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2007-2008 (N=54)
N=68 reduced to 54 for changes in NL and QC in 2007 sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in. ![]()
![]() Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2007-2008 Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2007-2008
![]() Influenza strain characterization, Canada, cumulative, 2007-2008 influenza season by the Respiratory Viruses Section at the National Microbiology Laboratory {Strain characterization, number identified, per cent of total number} NACI recommends that the trivalent vaccine for the 2007-2008 season in Canada contain A/New Caledonia/20/1999 (H1N1)-like, A/Wisconsin/67/2005 (H3N2)-like, and B/Malaysia/2506/2004-like virus antigens. ![]() Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2007-2008 compared to 1996/97 through to 2006/07 seasons
Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). ![]() Number of New Outbreaks in Long Term Care Facilities, Canada, by Report Week, 2007-2008 ![]() |
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Please note that the above graphs may change as late returns come in. Definitions for the 2007-2008 season [FluWatch]
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Last Updated: 2007-11-09 | ![]() |