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 There is a wide variety of failure mechanisms and triggering causes, and local geological and topographic conditions that determine the type of landslide in a specific region. Some regions are particularly susceptible to landsliding: steep slopes in the mountains; weak Cretaceous bedrock along valleys in the Prairies; and valleys eroded into fine-grained sediments in areas once covered by glacial lakes and seas. Impact is greatest where landslide occurrence coincides with human activity. In the historical period (taken to be post-1840), landslides in Canada have resulted in more than 600 fatalities, including the destruction of several communities, and caused billions of dollars in damage. The hazard presented by landslides involves not only failure of ground beneath a structure and the impact or burial of moving debris, but also such secondary effects as landslide-dammed floods and landslide-generated waves. However, although landslides will continue to occur annually, landslide risk in our lives can be reduced or eliminated with proper planning and mitigation action.
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