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Printable Version Railway Freight & Passenger Train Brakes Rules is available in PDF format (file size 192kb) which will download in approximately 55 seconds on a 28.8 connection and may be viewed using Acrobat Reader (version 3.0 or higher). Note: Portable Document Format (PDF) formats may be viewed using version 3.0 or higher of the Adobe® Acrobat Reader. This reader may be downloaded free of charge by visiting the Adobe® web site.
Part I - General1. Short Title1.1 For ease of reference, this rule may be referred to as the "Train Brake Rules". 2. Scope2.1 These Rules are intended to ensure the safe operation of brakes on all freight and passenger trains operating in Canada. These rules apply to all railway companies subject to the jurisdiction of Transport Canada pursuant to the Railway Safety Act. 3. DefinitionsIn these Rules: 3.1 "bad order card" means a railway company form which is affixed to a freight car to indicate maintenance requirements, upon which brake defects identified during a brake test may be recorded; 3.2 "brakes" means pneumatic (air), electro-pneumatic or hydro-pneumatic brake systems; 3.3 "brake test" means a test made for the purpose of establishing that the brake system functions as intended, as outlined in Part II of these rules and railway company instructions; 3.4 "calibrated" means an indication on the air flow indicator at a position that corresponds to a flow of air into the brake pipe of 60 cubic feet per minute; 3.5 "certified car inspector" means a person who is trained and qualified to inspect and maintain car brake equipment; 3.6 "communicating signal" system means a system which enables the train crew to communicate with the locomotive engineer in a passenger train; 3.7 "continuity" means capability of transmitting a signal between the controlling locomotive and the rear car of a train; 3.8 "Department" means the Department of Transport, Surface Group; 3.9 "equipment" means locomotives, cars and any other vehicles designed to operate in trains; 3.10 “locomotive" means a unit propelled by any energy form; 3.11 “locomotive consist” means a combination of locomotives operated from a single control; 3.12 "operative" means a brake that applies and releases and is in a suitable condition to retard and/or stop equipment; 3.13 "portable locomotive control device" means a device, carried by a qualified person at trackside or other suitable location, which is a component part of a system for remotely operating locomotive throttle and brake controls; 3.14 "psi" means pressure in pounds per square inch; 3.15 "pull-by inspection" means a visual examination of the brakes made while the train is in motion at a speed not exceeding 8 kilometers per hour (5 miles per hour); 3.16 "qualified person" means, in respect of a specified duty, a person who, because of his/her knowledge, training and experience, is qualified to perform that duty safely and properly. For example, a certified car inspector is qualified to inspect and maintain car brake equipment. Train crews are qualified to inspect brake equipment; 3.17 "railway company" means a railway or railway company subject to the Railway Safety Act; 3.18 "railway safety inspector" means a Department of Transport inspector appointed pursuant to section 27 of the Railway Safety Act; 3.19 "running brake test" means a test of brakes made on a moving passenger train to ascertain that the brakes are operating; 3.20 "safety control" means device(s) which will cause a brake application to be initiated automatically if the locomotive engineer becomes incapacitated; 3.21 "safety inspection location" means a location designated by a railway company where certified car inspectors perform inspection and testing of train brakes; 3.22 "terminal area" means a location that includes one or more yards together with the tracks connecting the yard or yards and industries within that area; 3.23 "TIBS" or Train Information Braking System means a system for communicating brake pipe pressure between the controlling locomotive and the last car in the train, which includes a rear of train emergency braking feature and, if the train is otherwise unequipped, a distance measuring device; 3.24 "train" means locomotive(s) with or without cars, or a track unit(s) so designated by its operating authority displaying marker(s); 3.25 "train brake status system" means any method, computerized or otherwise, (i.e. in hard copy), by which a railway company maintains information on the status of train brake inspections; 3.26 "transfer movement" means a movement over main tracks between yards and/or industrial areas within a terminal area; 3.27 "yard test plant" means equipment, either fixed or mobile, used to supply and control compressed air to operate the brakes on equipment in a yard. 4. Qualifications and Compliance of Railway Employees4.1 A railway company shall ensure that all employees engaged in the operation or inspection of trains:
5. Pre-departure Requirements for Locomotives5.1 At a location where a locomotive has been laid over, altered or repaired, a qualified person shall test brakes, associated radio/electronic control devices, safety controls and communication signal systems to determine that these systems are functioning properly. 5.2 If the testing is performed by other than the locomotive engineer, the results of the tests shall:
6. Pre-departure Requirements for Trains6.1 A train shall not depart from a safety inspection location or a terminal area until the appropriate brake tests as outlined in Part II of these Rules and railway company instructions have been completed. 6.2 The tests will be performed by qualified persons, who will report the test results in the manner prescribed by the railway company to the train brake status system. Any brake system defect discovered during the brake test shall be repaired if reasonable and practicable. Any brake system defect discovered during the brake test and not repaired prior to departure shall be reported to the conductor, or in his/her absence, the locomotive engineer, who shall update the train brake status system. 6.3 If the testing is performed by certified car inspectors, the results of the tests will be retained for 30 days. 6.4 The conductor, or in his/her absence, the locomotive engineer, shall be responsible for determining that the prescribed test has been completed prior to departure. A pull-by inspection for brake release is acceptable. In such case, the conductor or locomotive engineer, shall be provided with the results of the release, and in turn, will update the train brake status system. 7. Operating Requirements7.1 At a safety inspection location, a train shall not be dispatched:
This requirement does not apply to cars referred to in sections 8.4 and 8.5. 7.2 No freight train shall be operated with less than 85 percent of the train brakes operative, except as provided in section 8.4. 7.3 A passenger train shall not be operated with less than 85 percent of the train brakes operative unless appropriate reduction in train speed, as determined by the locomotive engineer, is made. 7.4 Brakes shall be operated from the lead locomotive. 7.5 When a train experiences a brake system or a safety control malfunction en route which cannot be readily corrected, the conductor, or in his/her absence, the locomotive engineer, shall report the location, date, time and description of the malfunction. Appropriate action, as prescribed by the railway company, will be taken by the locomotive engineer, including:
7.6 A railway company shall designate to its employees the territory in which pressure retaining valves shall be used. 7.7 A running brake test of passenger train brakes shall be made after leaving any location where the crew is changed. 7.8 The locomotive engineer and the conductor shall be provided with the initial brake test results and en route updates of the status of the train brakes. 8. Exceptions8.1 A car found to have inoperative brakes at a safety inspection location or while en route in a train may remain in the train provided all the following requirements are observed:
8.2 A railway company shall control and protect the movement of a car with inoperative brakes with a train brake status system. This may include the use of a bad order card. 8.3 The conductor, or in his/her absence, the locomotive engineer, shall be notified of cars with inoperative brakes in the train, and in turn, is responsible to ensure the train brake status system referred to in section 8.2 is updated. 8.4 Cars or locomotives with brakes inoperative due to damage may be moved in a train when authorized by a person in charge. This person is appointed by a railway company to ensure the safe conduct of an operation or of the work of employees. The person in charge will ensure that appropriate measures have been taken to move such equipment safely. 8.5 On trains of 18 cars or less, when it is impractical to comply with section 7.1(a) of these rules, a train may proceed with equipment that has inoperative brakes, provided the conductor and locomotive engineer are advised of the placement of such equipment in their train, and that appropriate action, such as the reduction of train speed, is taken so as to ensure safe operation, and the requirements of section 7.2 are not exceeded. 8.6 Scale test cars without brakes may be moved in a freight train provided they are placed ahead of the rear car of the train and they are coupled to cars with operative brakes. 8.7 Other railway equipment without brakes, because of design, may operate in a freight train provided the equipment is identified to the Department. 8.8 A test car may be moved at the rear of a freight train for test purposes, provided it is coupled to a car with operative brakes. 9. Communicating Signal System9.1 If a communicating signal system is used:
Part II - Brake Test Requirements10. General10.1 Brake tests shall be performed on every train as specified in these Rules by:
11. No. 1 Brake Test11.1 A No. 1 brake test shall verify:
11.2 A No. 1 brake test shall be performed by a certified car inspector where a train is made up at a safety inspection location and while en route at the subsequent safety inspection location(s) designated by the railway company for that train. 11.3 If a train is made up at other than a safety inspection location, a No. 1 Brake test will be performed at the first safety inspection location designated for that train by the railway company in the direction of travel. 11.4 A No. 1 Brake Test is not required at an interchange point when the locomotive engineer has access to records which indicate that a No. 1 Brake Test or an acceptable equivalent has been successfully performed on that train prior to its arrival at the interchange point. 12. No. 1-A Brake Test12.1 A No. 1-A brake test shall verify:
12.2 A No. 1-A brake test shall be performed by qualified persons where a train is made up at other than a safety inspection location. 13. No. 2 Brake Test13.1 A No. 2 brake test shall verify:
13.2 A No. 2 brake test shall be performed by qualified persons when:
14. No. 3 Brake Test14.1 The No. 3 brake test shall verify the continuity of the brake pipe. 14.2 A No. 3 Brake Test shall be performed by qualified persons when:
14.3 When the brake pipe has been uncoupled to set off cars or to perform switching and when cars have not been added to the train, it will only be necessary to re-couple the brake pipe and establish continuity. 15. Train Information Braking System (TIBS) Test15.1 TIBS test shall verify that an emergency brake application, initiated from the controlling locomotive through the TIBS system, will cause an emergency brake application on the last car of the train. When the sense and braking component of the TIBS system is added to a train, the operation of TIBS will be verified by qualified persons in accordance with railway company instructions referred to in part IV, section 24 of these rules. 16. Transfer Movement Brake Test16.1 A transfer movement brake test shall verify:
16.2 A transfer movement brake test is required if train speeds are expected to exceed 15 mph, providing:
16.3 On transfer movements traveling very short distances, where it is impractical to comply with section 16.2 and train speeds will remain below 15 mph, no brake test is required provided there are sufficient operative brakes to control the movement. Transfer movements traveling at speeds below 15 mph that contain dangerous goods in the consist must have air applied throughout the train. 17. Push-Pull Operation17.1 On a train operated in a push-pull mode, a No. 3 brake test must be made from the controlling cab after changing ends. 18. Portable Locomotive Remote Control Operation18.1 The portable Locomotive Remote Control Operation shall verify:
18.2 On a train which will involve control of the brakes by means of a portable locomotive control device, all safety procedures prescribed by the railway company must have been completed prior to departure. 19. Back-Up Hose or Valve19.1 Before starting a train from any point where the brakes are to be controlled by the use of a back-up hose or valve at the rear of the train, the brakes shall be applied by using the back-up hose or valve. 20. Snowplow Train Brake Test20.1 Following the appropriate train brake test, as outlined previously in this Part, and before starting a snowplow operation, an emergency application of train brakes shall be obtained from the operator's cab of the snowplow. Part III - Equipment Requirements21. Maintenance21.1 All brake equipment shall be maintained in a safe and serviceable condition.
21.2 On each locomotive or self-propelled equipment, the date of testing or cleaning of brake equipment and the name of the shop or station at which the work was done shall be retained in the cab. 21.3 Yard Test Plant test equipment shall be cleaned, repaired and tested as often as required to maintain safe and satisfactory operation. 22. Brake Cylinder Piston Travel22.1 A car with a body-mounted brake cylinder has piston travel out of adjustment when:
22.2 A car with truck-mounted brake cylinders, shall have piston travel, unless otherwise governed by design, sufficient to provide brake shoe clearance when the brake is released. On a passenger car, piston travel shall not exceed 6 inches (150 mm). On a freight car, piston travel shall not exceed 5 inches (125 mm). 22.3 A freight car with a special type of brake equipment not covered by the above shall have piston travel adjusted as indicated on the badge plate or stenciling applied in a conspicuous location near the brake cylinder. 22.4 On a locomotive, the maximum physical limit of brake cylinder piston travel will be indicated in the cab. In operation, piston travel must not come within two inches (50 mm) of the limit. 23. Locomotive Feed Valves and Pressure Settings23.1 Air pressure feed valves shall be adjusted to the following pressures:
Part IV - Filling Requirements24. Filing Requirements with the Department24.1 A railway company shall file with the Department, railway schedules that indicate the safety inspection locations and terminal areas where the required brake tests are performed, to comply with section 6.1. Any changes to the safety inspection locations shall be filed by the railway company with the Department 60 days prior to implementing such changes. 24.2 A railway company shall file with the Department, the following procedures and tests, as amended from time to time, that it plans to use:
24.3 A railway company may operate trains with advanced technological/operational improvements or museum trains, provided that the testing and operating procedures have been filed with the Department, 30 days prior to testing or placing in service.
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