Subject

This directive contains the phytosanitary import and domestic movement requirements for seed of Sorghum spp. for propagation and broomcorn (Sorghum vulgare var. technicum).

This revision was made to provide a link to the list of "Pests Regulated by Canada" as well as to add pests from this list that could potentially be associated with the commodities covered under this directive.

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Table of Contents

• Review
• Endorsement
• Amendment Record
• Distribution
• Introduction
• Scope
• References
• Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms
• 1.0 General Requirements
  • 1.1 Legislative Authority
  • 1.2 Fees
  • 1.3 Regulated Pests
  • 1.4 Regulated Commodities
  • 1.5 Commodities Exempt
  • 1.6 Regulated Areas
• 2.0 Specific Requirements
  • 2.1 Import Requirements
  • 2.2 Domestic Requirements
• 3.0 Inspection Procedures
• 4.0 Non-compliance
• 5.0 Appendices
  • Appendix 1: Distribution of the European Corn Borer and the Durra Stem Borer
  • Appendix 2: Import and Domestic Movement Requirements of Sorghum

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Review

This directive will be reviewed every 5 years unless otherwise needed. The next review date for this directive is July 30, 2014. The contact for this directive is Joanne Rousson. For further information or clarification, please contact the CFIA.

Endorsement

Approved by:

Chief Plant Health Officer

Amendment Record

Amendments of this directive will be dated and distributed as outlined in the distribution below.

Distribution

1. Directive mail list (Regions, PHRA, USDA)
2. Provincial government, industry organizations (determined by Author)
3. National Industry Organizations (determined by Author)
4. Internet

Introduction

Three main categories of material of Sorghum spp. are imported into Canada: brooms, finished and unfinished; seed for propagation; and grain for human consumption or feed. These commodities are potential pathways for movement of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (ECB) and durra stem borer, Sesamia cretica (DSB). ECB is a quarantine pest in Canada for the province of British Columbia and DSB is a quarantine pest not present in Canada.

Interest in Sorghum forage and grain production in Canada has been increasing, especially in southwestern Ontario and Quebec. The importation of Sorghum for non-propagative uses has been primarily for human consumption or for animal feed (including wild birds). The principal source of grain Sorghum for consumption and animal feed is the United States (U.S.) Broomcorn (stalk with inflorescence), is imported for making brooms and whisks. The main sources of broomcorn have been the U.S., Mexico, and Hungary. In recent years most of the importations have consisted of manufactured brooms.

Scope

This directive is intended for the use of the CFIA and the Canada Border Services Agency personnel to prevent the introduction and spread of regulated pests into Canada. It is a guide to Canadian import and domestic movement requirements for use by importers, shippers, custom brokers and others involved in importing or moving Sorghum species in Canada.

References

FAO 2009, Glossary of Phytosanitary Terms, ISPM No. 5 (updated annually)

This directive supersedes D-96-08 (4^th Revision).

Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms

Definitions for terms used in the present document can be found in the Plant Health Glossary of Terms.

1.0 General Requirements

1.1 Legislative Authority

Plant Protection Act, S.C. 1990, c. 22
Plant Protection Regulations, SOR/95-212
Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees Notice, Canada Gazette: Part I (as amended from time to time)

1.2 Fees

The CFIA is charging fees in accordance with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency Fees Notice. For information regarding fees associated with imported product, please contact the Import Service Centre (ISC). Anyone requiring other information regarding fees may contact any local CFIA office or visit our Fees Notice Web Site.

1.3 Regulated Pest

• Cuscuta spp., dodder
• Ostrinia nubilalis, European corn borer
• Orobanche spp., broomrape
• Sesamia cretica, Durra stem borer
• Striga spp., witchweed
• Trogoderma granarium Everts, khapra beetle

In addition to the pests listed above, which could be associated with the regulated commodities, consignments must be free from the other pests on the list of  "Pests Regulated by Canada".

1.4 Regulated Commodities

• stalk and inflorescence of broomcorn as finished or unfinished brooms
• seed of Sorghum spp. for propagation
• grain and seed imported for cleaning in Canada
• screenings

1.5 Commodities Exempt

The following commodities, from all sources, do not require any phytosanitary documentation (i.e. Permit to Import, Phytosanitary Certificate, Domestic Movement Certificate or other documentation):

• commercially clean grain for non-propagative use
• processed (hulled, broken, cooked, milled, ground) products and by-products (e.g. flour, bran, etc.)
• Breeder, Foundation or Certified corn seed that has been certified by a member of an official certifying agency recognized by the CFIA (e.g. the Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies [AOSCA] or the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] Seed Schemes). Certification documentation, such as a copy of the seed tag or bulk seed certificate, must be presented at the time of entry into Canada
• manufactured brooms and whisks

1.6 Regulated Areas

Countries, U.S. states and Canadian provinces infested with ECB and DSB (Appendix 1).

2.0 Specific Requirements

The distribution of the ECB and DSB can be found in Appendix 1.

A tabulated summary of requirements is provided in Appendix 2.

2.1 Import Requirements

• A Permit to Import may be issued to allow conditional entry of prohibited Sorghum material for special purposes, such as scientific research, educational, processing, industrial, exhibition or for use by the Plant Gene Resources of Canada.
• A Pest Risk Assessment must be completed for Sorghum commodities from prohibited sources to be eligible for consideration for import.
• The National Plant Protection Organization of the exporting country must ensure that any Sorghum commodity, except screenings and grain or seed for cleaning, must be clean and free of soil, weed seeds (Cuscuta spp., Orobanche spp., Striga spp.) and other pests on Canada's regulated pest list.
• Material with roots, with or without soil, imported from the continental U.S. into any province must be accompanied by a Phytosanitary Certificate with the additional declaration for freedom from soil-borne pests. See Directive D-95-26 for soil requirements.
• Screenings or material for cleaning in Canada must follow the conditions outlined in D-96-07: Import Requirements for Screenings and Grain and Seed for Cleaning.
• Import conditions in this directive pertain to the Plant Protection Act and Regulations only. It is the importer's responsibility to ensure that commodities covered by this directive also comply with the requirements of other acts and regulations such as the Seeds Act and Regulations, Feeds Act and Regulations, Health of Animals Act and Regulations and the Canada Agricultural Products Act and Regulations.

2.2 Domestic Requirements

• A domestic Movement Certificate is based on one of the following options:
  • The material has been inspected and found free of viable stages of ECB.
  • Seed was passed through a 1.25 cm screen to exclude stem pieces that could harbour larvae or pupae of the ECB.
  • The seed must have been treated in a manner approved by the CFIA to control the ECB (heat or chemical fumigation).
• When cleaned, packaged and labelled to Canadian grade standards, certified seed shipped to British Columbia from other provinces is exempt from a Movement Certificate.

3.0 Inspection Procedures

• Any Sorghum shipment may be subject to inspection at entry.
• Inspection procedures for Sorghum are found in the CFIA Plant Health Import Inspection Manual.
• Breeder, Foundation and Certified Sorghum seed must be examined for the breeder's declaration, labels or tags that convey the status of the seed.

4.0 Non-compliance

If the requirements for a shipment are not met, the material may be detained, refused entry, returned to origin, treated or destroyed. Expenses associated with such actions are borne by the importer. Refer to D-01-06: Canadian phytosanitary policy for the notification of non-compliance and emergency action.

5.0 Appendices

Appendix 1: Distribution of the European Corn Borer and the Durra Stem Borer

Appendix 2: Import and Domestic Movement Requirements for Sorghum

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Appendix 1

Distribution of the European Corn Borer and the Durra Stem Borer

A. European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)

Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia.

Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Moldova, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, the Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.

Asia: Georgia (Republic of), Iran, Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey.

North America:

United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

Canada: all provinces except British Columbia.

B. Durra Stem Borer (Sesamia cretica)

Africa: Algeria, Cameroon, Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, and Tunisia.

Asia: China, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan and Yemen.

Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, the Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain.

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Appendix 2

Import and Domestic Movement Requirements for Sorghum

Commodity	Canadian Province of Destination	Source Country/State	Import and/or Movement Requirements
A. Commercially clean grain for non-propagative use: Processed (hulled, milled, ground, broken, cooked) products and by-products (e.g. flour, bran, etc.) Breeder, Foundation or Certified Sorghum seed that has been certified by a member of an official certifying agency recognized by the CFIA (e.g. the Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies [AOSCA] or the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] Seed Schemes). Certification documentation, such as a copy of the seed tag or bulk seed certificate, must be presented at the time of entry into Canada. Manufactured brooms and whisks.	All provinces	All countries	none
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	All provinces except British Columbia	U.S. (continental)	none
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB infested states1	Phytosanitary Certificate**
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB non-infested states	Proof of origin required (e.g. Phytosanitary Certificate** or Certificate of Origin)
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	All provinces	Mexico	none
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	All provinces	Hungary, Trinidad, Jamaica, all countries in Central and South America	Phytosanitary Certificate**
B. Seed (propagation) [other than exempt seed described above]	All provinces	All other countries and the U.S. state of Hawaii and territory of Puerto Rico	PROHIBITED*
C. Screenings; seed or grain for cleaning in Canada	All provinces except British Columbia	U.S. (continental)	Permit to Import and Compliance Agreement (as per D-96-07:Screenings and Grain/Seed for Cleaning)
C. Screenings; seed or grain for cleaning in Canada	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB infested states1	Phytosanitary Certificate **; Permit to Import and Compliance Agreement (as per D-96-07:Screenings and Grain/Seed for Cleaning)
C. Screenings; seed or grain for cleaning in Canada	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB non- infested states	Proof of origin (Phytosanitary Certificate** or Certificate of Origin); Permit to Import and Compliance Agreement (as per D-96-07: Screenings and Grain/Seed for Cleaning)
C. Screenings; seed or grain for cleaning in Canada	All provinces	All other countries and U.S. state of Hawaii and territory of Puerto Rico	PROHIBITED*
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	All provinces except British Columbia	U.S. (continental)	none
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB infested states1	Phytosanitary Certificate**
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	British Columbia	U.S. (continental) ECB non-infested states	Proof of origin (Phytosanitary Certificate** or Certificate of Origin)
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	All provinces	Mexico	none
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	All provinces	Hungary, Trinidad, Jamaica, all countries in Central and South America	Phytosanitary Certificate**
D. Broomcorn (Unfinished broomcorn material only)	All provinces	All other countries and the U.S. state of Hawaii and territory of Puerto Rico	PROHIBITED*
E. Shipments within Canada of all regulated Sorghum commodities	All provinces except British Columbia	All provinces	none
E. Shipments within Canada of all regulated Sorghum commodities	British Columbia	All provinces except British Columbia	Movement Certificate***

* Importers may request that a Pest Risk Analysis be conducted by CFIA for Sorghum from unapproved sources to determine the potential for import in the future.

** If the material has been treated to render it free from regulated pests, the treatment details must appear on the Phytosanitary Certificate. Acceptable treatments for Sorghum include heat and chemical fumigation. Please contact CFIA for treatment details.

*** Refer to Section 2.2

¹ Refer to Appendix 1.