Grapevine yellows diseases caused by phytoplasmas are found in many areas of the world where grapes are grown. Flavescence dorée (FD) and Bois noir (BN) are two grapevine yellows diseases that are considered quarantine pests in Canada because they can affect crop yields of infected grapevines. There are no human health risks associated with these pests.

FD and BN are commonly found in several European countries. There have been two isolated detections of BN in Canada. The first was a find of BN in British Columbia during the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's 2006 routine surveillance program. Another find occurred in Ontario during the 2007 surveillance program. In both cases, the finds were of isolated plants that were removed. The vector insect of BN is not known to occur in Canada. The two incursions are now considered eradicated. Follow up survey work is being conducted to verify this.