Cholera in Mexico, Cuba, Dominican Republic and Haiti

Updated: September 27, 2013

Travel Health Notice

Since the beginning of the cholera epidemic in October 2010, the Dominican Republic and Haiti have reported thousands of cholera cases and related deaths. Cases of cholera decreased in 2013 compared to 2012, although they continue to be reported throughout both countries. There have been increases in the number of cases during seasonal heavy rainfall in the months of May to July and September to October.

In Cuba, authorities continue to monitor suspected cholera cases following last year’s outbreak. Through surveillance activities, cholera has been confirmed in the provinces of Camagüey, Granma, Guantanamo, Havana and Santiago de Cuba. Cases reported in other municipalities were associated with these five provinces.

Mexico has reported cases of cholera in the Federal district and the state of Hidalgo. The country was affected by due to tropical cyclones, which have caused heavy rains, floods and landslides.

Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. People usually become infected from drinking or eating contaminated water or food. It is associated with watery diarrhea and rapid dehydration, which can be life-threatening.

The Public Health Agency of Canada recommends practising safe food and water precautions while in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti or Mexico.

Recommendations

Consult a health care provider or visit a travel health clinic preferably six weeks before you travel.

1. Practise safe food and water precautions
2. Consider getting vaccinated
   • Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers at high risk for cholera (travellers visiting areas of high risk with limited access to clean water and food) may benefit from vaccination and should consult with a health care provider to discuss this option.
3. If you develop severe diarrhea and/or vomiting while travelling or after you return to Canada
   • Seek medical attention immediately.
   • Drink fluids and use oral rehydration salts to prevent dehydration.
     • Infants, young children and the elderly and those with underlying health conditions are at greatest risk of dehydration.
   • If you are still ill upon arrival into Canada, please tell the flight attendant before you land or the border services officer as you exit the flight.