Introduction

The purpose of this lesson is to eliminate the notion of homogeneity in contemporary Inuit art and show the diverse thematic and artistic approaches of the artists. The lesson presents examples of contemporary Inuit sculpture, dating from 1973 onward, from the four regions of Arctic Canada: Nunavik, Baffin, Keewatin, and Kitikmeot and the Western Arctic.

A Short History
Compared to numerous artistic movements throughout the evolution of Western art, the study of Inuit art focusses on three major time periods specific to the Canadian Arctic. The prehistoric period comprises the pre-Dorset culture (3000B500 B.C.), the Dorset culture (1000 B.C.B1100 A.D.), and the Thule culture (800B1750 A.D.). The historic or contact period coincides with the arrival of explorers and whalers, and the establishment of trading posts, at the beginning of the 20th century. The contemporary period begins with the end of World War II and continues to the present day.

Archeological excavations and records of the explorers testify to an artistic tradition uninterrupted for more than 4000 years of civilization. In the production of domestic objects, such as a comb or a knife, or religious objects, such as an amulet or a mask, one notes not only a refined level of craftsmanship but also an equal concern for ornament. The rapid development of the contemporary period can be attributed to James Houston, a painter seeking adventure who first traveled to Nunavik (Arctic Québec) in 1948. He returned to Montreal with a variety of craft objects and sculptures which were successfully sold at the Canadian Handicraft Guild. Aware of the economic potential of large-scale output, the Canadian government encouraged artistic production in different communities in the Arctic. This initiative has given rise to an original, internationally recognized art form that reflects thousands of years of tradition, and at the same time witnesses a living culture in transition.

Regional Perspectives
The term "Inuit art" has become an all-encompassing expression for Northern creativity. However, distinct art styles have emerged across the Arctic. Regional diversity can be attributed to differences in local history, culture, and carving materials available in each area.

Title:

Contemporary Inuit Sculpture

Theme:

Contemporary Inuit art

Summary:

This lesson presents 10 Inuit artists whose work reflects traditions that are thousands of years old and bears witness to a culture that is alive and well, and in full transition.