Profiles and Transitions of Groups at Risk of Social Exclusion: Lone Parents - November 2002

Appendix A: 1998 Cross-Sectional Profiles

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The following three tables provide a demographic profile of:

1. all lone parents;
2. lone mothers; and
3. female major income recipients in couples with children.

No separate tables are shown for lone fathers, because of sample limitations. Here is some additional explanation about the three tables:

• In all cases, the tables are based on the sample of main income recipients, age 16-55, with at least one child under 18 in 1998.
• High risk refers to: immigrants who have immigrated in the last 10 years; persons of Aboriginal origin; and persons with a work-limiting disability.
• *** The asterisks indicate that the sample contained less than 30 observations, in which case it was not possible to release any information.

Table A.1 Lone parents

	Number of:		Pct distribution of:		Incidence of low income	Low income gap
	All lone parents	Low income lone parents	All lone parents	Low income lone parents		Before transfers	After transfers
Gender
Male	110,545	18,506	14.9%	7.0%	16.7%	77.7%	36.9%
Female	630,731	246,407	85.1%	93.0%	39.1%	82.5%	29.7%
Age
16-29	123,044	74,672	16.6%	28.2%	60.7%	88.1%	32.3%
30-55	618,232	190,242	83.4%	71.8%	30.8%	79.8%	29.4%
Age when first child was born
Under 20	107,774	56,069	16.1%	23.6%	52.0%	90.2%	30.4%
20 or more	561,797	181,678	83.9%	76.4%	32.3%	80.4%	29.9%
Marital status when first child was born
Not in a union	281,117	136,181	42.5%	57.3%	48.4%	84.7%	27.5%
Married	354,439	89,318	53.6%	37.6%	25.2%	79.2%	33.7%
Common law	26,178	11,969	4.0%	5.0%	45.7%	86.0%	30.5%
Age of youngest child
0-5	216,949	116,507	29.3%	44.0%	53.7%	84.0%	31.1%
6-11	266,578	96,461	36.0%	36.4%	36.2%	81.7%	30.2%
12-17	257,749	51,945	34.8%	19.6%	20.2%	78.8%	28.2%
Student during the year
Yes	118,403	62,935	16.0%	23.8%	53.2%	82.9%	34.0%
No	622,873	201,978	84.0%	76.2%	32.4%	81.9%	29.0%
Level of education of non-students
Less than high school	115,116	53,533	19.8%	28.7%	46.5%	90.8%	27.4%
High school diploma	104,435	30,300	17.9%	16.3%	29.0%	77.3%	28.1%
Some post-secondary	81,927	34,753	14.1%	18.7%	42.4%	81.4%	26.4%
Post-secondary degree	281,267	67,650	48.3%	36.3%	24.1%	77.6%	31.3%
Hours of work during the year
No work	177,854	140,923	24.7%	54.7%	79.2%	95.3%	34.0%
1-749 hours	79,358	48,356	11.0%	18.8%	60.9%	78.9%	25.8%
750-1499 hours	94,265	31,953	13.1%	12.4%	33.9%	67.1%	27.1%
1500+ hours	368,015	36,471	51.1%	14.2%	9.9%	54.8%	25.8%
Immigrant, aboriginal, or disabled
Yes	164,181	79,842	22.1%	30.1%	48.6%	88.5%	33.7%
No	577,094	185,071	77.9%	69.9%	32.1%	79.4%	28.7%
EI region employment rate
At, below average	306,375	118,001	41.3%	44.5%	38.5%	85.7%	28.0%
Above average	434,901	146,912	58.7%	55.5%	33.8%	79.3%	31.9%
Broad region
Atlantic	62,562	30,565	8.4%	11.5%	48.9%	85.9%	23.9%
Quebec	196,124	63,907	26.5%	24.1%	32.6%	86.8%	29.5%
Ontario	278,405	100,605	37.6%	38.0%	36.1%	83.2%	31.3%
Prairie	117,684	39,271	15.9%	14.8%	33.4%	72.1%	34.4%
B.C.	86,501	30,566	11.7%	11.5%	35.3%	78.2%	28.7%
All	741,276	264,913	100.0%	100.0%	35.7%	82.2%	30.2%

Table A.2 Lone mothers

	Number of:		Pct distribution of:			Low income gap
	All lone mothers	Low income lone mothers	All lone mothers	Low income lone mothers	Incidence of low income	Before transfers	After transfers
Age
16-29	120,822	74,246	19.2%	30.1%	61.5%	88.0%	32.3%
30-55	509,909	172,161	80.8%	69.9%	33.8%	80.1%	28.6%
Age when first child was born
Under 20	105,590	55,847	18.4%	25.2%	52.9%	90.1%	30.4%
20 or more	468,523	165,700	81.6%	74.8%	35.4%	80.9%	29.6%
Marital status when first child was born
Not in a union	263,410	133,620	46.4%	60.4%	50.7%	84.7%	27.5%
Married	281,528	76,918	49.6%	34.8%	27.3%	80.4%	33.8%
Common law	22,999	10,730	4.0%	4.8%	46.7%	84.5%	30.8%
Age of youngest child
0-5	205,781	115,233	32.6%	46.8%	56.0%	83.9%	31.1%
6-11	226,847	89,789	36.0%	36.4%	39.6%	83.0%	30.5%
12-17	198,104	41,384	31.4%	16.8%	20.9%	77.8%	24.0%
Student during the year
Yes	110,691	62,338	17.5%	25.3%	56.3%	82.8%	33.7%
No	520,040	184,068	82.5%	74.7%	35.4%	82.4%	28.3%
Level of education of non-students
Less than high school	92,846	48,063	19.0%	28.3%	51.8%	91.5%	26.6%
High school diploma	86,880	26,170	17.8%	15.4%	30.1%	80.0%	29.5%
Some post-secondary	73,976	34,023	15.1%	20.0%	46.0%	81.5%	26.2%
Post-secondary degree	235,407	61,731	48.1%	36.3%	26.2%	77.8%	30.6%
Hours of work during the year
No work	162,141	131,247	26.5%	54.8%	80.9%	95.0%	33.2%
1-749 hours	76,625	47,658	12.5%	19.9%	62.2%	78.8%	25.5%
750-1499 hours	86,982	31,742	14.2%	13.2%	36.5%	67.2%	27.3%
1500+ hours	287,227	28,979	46.9%	12.1%	10.1%	55.4%	25.2%
Immigrant, aboriginal, or disabled
Yes	143,564	74,151	22.8%	30.1%	51.6%	88.1%	33.4%
No	487,167	172,256	77.2%	69.9%	35.4%	80.1%	28.1%
EI region employment rate
At, below average	258,380	109,864	41.0%	44.6%	42.5%	86.5%	28.1%
Above average	372,350	136,543	59.0%	55.4%	36.7%	79.3%	31.0%
Broad region
Atlantic	55,301	29,155	8.8%	11.8%	52.7%	86.2%	24.0%
Quebec	162,275	59,265	25.7%	24.1%	36.5%	87.9%	30.5%
Ontario	237,500	94,105	37.7%	38.2%	39.6%	83.3%	30.1%
Prairie	97,608	33,626	15.5%	13.6%	34.4%	71.1%	32.5%
B.C.	78,048	30,256	12.4%	12.3%	38.8%	78.6%	29.0%
All	630,731	246,407	100.0%	100.0%	39.1%	82.5%	29.7%

Table A.3 Female major income recipients of couples with children under 18

	Number of:		Pct distribution of:		Incidence of low income	Low income gap
	All female major income recipients	Low income female major income recipients	All female major income recipients	Low income female major income recipients		Before transfers	After transfers
Age in 1998
16-29	71,193	19,220	10.4%	22.4%	27.0%	74.4%	32.1%
30-55	610,987	66,584	89.6%	77.6%	10.9%	62.9%	27.8%
Age when first child was born
Under 20	50,970	17,773	8.2%	23.8%	34.9%	75.4%	35.1%
20 or more	570,933	57,039	91.8%	76.2%	10.0%	60.2%	26.1%
Marital status when first
child was born
Not in a union	55,457	11,119	9.0%	16.7%	20.0%	78.8%	28.7%
Married	526,717	55,369	85.0%	83.3%	10.5%	59.8%	28.5%
Common law	37,146	***	***	***	***	***	***
Age of youngest child
0-5	279,826	42,426	41.0%	49.4%	15.2%	70.2%	30.5%
6-11	238,896	29,437	35.0%	34.3%	12.3%	58.6%	23.6%
12-17	163,457	13,942	24.0%	16.2%	8.5%	65.7%	34.1%
Student during the year
Yes	58,106	***	***	***	***	***	***
No	624,073	78,174	91.5%	100.0%	12.5%	65.0%	29.0%
Level of education of
non-students
Less than high school	68,809	23,627	11.6%	36.5%	34.3%	84.5%	37.4%
High school diploma	101,675	***	***	***	***	***	***
Some post-secondary	73,457	18,059	12.3%	27.9%	24.6%	57.3%	25.6%
Post-secondary degree	350,996	23,040	59.0%	35.6%	6.6%	54.8%	24.3%
Hours of work during the year
No work	59,870	30,950	9.2%	38.3%	51.7%	82.3%	31.5%
1-749 hours	38,500	13,968	5.9%	17.3%	36.3%	67.2%	32.8%
750-1499 hours	83,776	14,487	12.8%	17.9%	17.3%	46.2%	17.5%
1500+ hours	470,984	21,476	72.1%	26.6%	4.6%	56.8%	30.3%
Immigrant, aboriginal,
or disabled
Yes	109,479	20,469	16.0%	23.9%	18.7%	66.2%	24.3%
No	572,700	65,336	84.0%	76.1%	11.4%	65.2%	30.1%
EI region employment rate
At, below average	249,109	38,014	36.5%	44.3%	15.3%	70.5%	26.7%
Above average	433,070	47,791	63.5%	55.7%	11.0%	61.5%	30.4%
Broad region
Atlantic	55,570	7,710	8.1%	9.0%	13.9%	77.0%	28.5%
Quebec	165,122	25,467	24.2%	29.7%	15.4%	64.4%	25.2%
Ontario	269,506	27,001	39.5%	31.5%	10.0%	63.7%	30.2%
Prairie	111,556	19,016	16.4%	22.2%	17.0%	63.2%	32.4%
B.C.	80,425	6,611	***	***	***	***	***
All	682,179	85,805	100.0%	100.0%	12.6%	65.5%	28.7%
***Less than 30 observations