Glossary

A B C D E F G H J I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Accessible Care

Care that is available to the clients that is both physically and psychologically within their reach.

Accreditation

is a structured approach to quality control and is provided by an organization which reviews a health delivery system against structured standards of care or service.

Acute Chronic Illness Care

is home care nursing services provided to a client with a chronic disease or disability who is experiencing an acute illness, but has the potential for returning to a pre-illness level of functioning and self-care. The objective of the home care nursing is to control the symptoms and prevent the deterioration of the client. A chronic client who experiences an acute illness would be referred to the home nursing program for care during the acute episode and returned to the Community Workload Increase System (CWIS) Chronic Care Program for ongoing monitoring.

Acute Home Care Nursing

is nursing care provided for an illness or condition which requires care for a period of eight weeks or less.

Acute Post Hospital Care

is care provided to clients who are post-surgical or have had acute illness which has been diagnosed, treated and the client is stabilized and no longer requires acute or hospital services. The home care nursing service would monitor the client's condition and ensure that the required treatment is continued in a community setting.

Adult Day Program

is a program of structured and supervised activities in a group setting for adults. Program delivery can occur in a community hall, personal care and or long term care facility. Persons benefiting from the program reside elsewhere.

Adult Foster Care

is care and the provision of supervision in a family setting, other than the person's home.

Adult Health Clinic

is an example of a home care service delivered in a central accessible location within or close to the person's community. These clinics can include direct services such as medication and general health monitoring, foot care, dental/mouth care and the administration of flu vaccines. A number of screening services can also be provided at these clinics and often reflect the epidemiology of the community, for example blood and urine testing for early detection of renal disease. These clinics can act as a screening service, referral mechanism and resource centre for promotion of wellness through assessment, counselling and teaching of adults. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995)

Aides for Independent Living

are items which are required to assist a physically challenged individual to function to their optimal level. These aides include: medical devices, medical equipment to enable safe mobilization, fixed household items to support transfer, for example: grab bars.

Assessment

is a structured, dynamic process of continuous information gathering and knowledgeable judgments which attach meaning to the information being gathered. Assessment process can involve the client, family and other care givers and service providers. (Family Nursing: Theory and Assessment).

Case Management

ensures that all people receiving home care have their needs assessed, are involved in service planning, receive appropriate services, and then have their needs reassessed.

Children with Complex Medical Disorders

are those persons under 18 years of age who are dependent and have special medical, learning, mental and social needs.

Chronic Illness Care - Continuous

is home nursing services to clients with advanced chronic disease(s) or disabilities who cannot be maintained at home without ongoing home nursing care. The objective of this client is to maintain a chronically ill client at home and to reach their maximum level of functioning with ongoing home care nursing services.

Chronic Illness Care - Time Limited

is home nursing care to those clients with early chronic disease/disability who will not return to their pre-illness level of functioning or self care and will eventually function without home nursing services. The home care nursing objective is to assist the client/family to control symptoms, prevent deterioration and support self care to reach a maximum level of physical and social functioning without continued home care nursing services and return to the CWIS Chronic program for ongoing monitoring.

Client-Centred Care

that is directly related to the need of the person/client that is responsive to the problems and concerns that they present.

Comprehensive Care

that is holistic and responsive to the total range of situations and problems that the client presents.

Disability

is a restriction resulting in long term care needs associated with a specific injury or condition in a person of any age.

Enriched Housing

see Supportive and/or Enriched Housing.

Epidemiology

is the study of the distribution of health and illness in a population.

Equity

the services provided to or made available by First Nations and Inuit authorities will not be less than those provided to general Canadian population. That services provided will be at least 'equal to' in extent but not necessarily in 'exact form of service'.

Equivalency

an understanding that Home and Community Care services provided to or made available by First Nations and Inuit authorities will be equal in value, measure and effect as that of those services received by the general Canadian population.

Evaluation

is the gathering, analyzing and reporting of information about a program, service or intervention for use in making decisions. (Action-Oriented Evaluation in Organizations-Canadian Practices).

FNIRHS

an acronym that represents First Nations and Inuit Regional Health Survey.

Group Home

is a care environment provided to a group of about five or less persons. The supervision provided is similar to that of a personal care home. Persons live within the home/facility and provide for their own needs with the assistance of home makers with respect to laundry services, meal preparation, recreational activities, etc.

Health Promotion

is a process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health. (World Health Organization)

Holistic Approach

is a conceptual perspective towards First Nations and Inuit health and social development which is considerate of each individual's, family's and community's spiritual, cultural, emotional, physical and social needs. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995)

Home Care Nursing

is a service provided by a nurse currently registered with the provincial nurses association in the province in which they are practising. Home care nursing can include: performing nursing assessments, treatments and procedures, personal care, teaching and supervising self-care to clients, family members and other care givers; teaching and supervising home health aides providing personal care and initiating referrals to other agencies. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995)

Home Health Aides/Personal Care Workers

are trained and certified individuals who can provide both home support and personal care services including in-home meal preparation.

Home Maintenance and Minor Home Repairs

is a service provided by a First Nation or Inuit public works infrastructure and is an important linkage to continuing care services to enable the client to remain in a safe home environment.

Home Management

is a home-based service provided on assessed need of the client. Services provided may include: general household cleaning, menu planning, meal preparation, laundry, ironing, mending, changing linen, shopping, cutting/stacking wood, hauling water, friendly visiting and security checks.

Hospital Separations

is a term used to describe numbers of patients who leave the hospital after admission, and includes both deaths and discharges.

Incident Report Form

is a form which serves the functions of identifying at risk situations so corrective actions can be initiated, an education tool or training device to demonstrate prevention, a formal process to notify supervisor/manager of incident and to prepare for possible litigation or filing of claims.

Informal Care Giver

is a person who provides supportive care to a person who would not otherwise be able to be maintained in the home environment. The caregiver is usually unpaid for his/her time.

Institutional Care

is provided in a variety of private or public funded institutions whereby people are admitted, based on a formal assessment process, and require care and services provided by a various certified/licensed service and care providers. Institutional care is provided in a number of settings that includes: personal care homes, long term institutions and extended care homes.

Levels of Care in Continuing Care:

(Note: Description of levels of care was modified from those descriptions used in the province of British Columbia. Each region should use the definition of levels of care within their province/territory.)

Level l

This level of care identifies a person who is independently mobile, with or without mechanical aids, requires minimal non-professional assistance with the activities of daily living including, but limited to, administration of medication, grooming, bathing, eating and toileting. A person recognized as Level l would not normally be admitted to a residential care facility.

Level ll

This level of care identifies a person who is independently mobile with or without mechanical aids (walkers, wheelchairs, etc.), requires moderate assistance with activities of daily living (as above) and requires a limited amount of daily professional nursing care and/or supervision.

Level lll

Clients identified as requiring this level of care have heavier care requirements and need additional nursing and other support staff time and/or supervision. Care requirements for the function deficits identified as needing this level of care result from multiple medical diagnosed and/or moderate cognitive impairment.

Level IV

Clients identified as needing this level of care remain independently mobile, with multiple diagnoses resulting in significant physical frailty, and/or severe cognitive impairment with behavioural problems, and require considerable assistance with all activities of daily living. Clients require a heavier level of care and considerably more nursing and other staff time than those at Level III.

Level V

This level of care recognizes the person with severe chronic disabilities which have resulted in physical frailty and/or cognitive impairment and require 24 hour a day professional nursing services and continuing medical supervision, but does not require acute care services. Clients at this level are usually not independently mobile, with or without, mechanical aids, and have a limited potential for rehabilitation and often require institutional care on permanent basis.

Managed Care

is care that incorporates an integrated and holistic service approach and can include case management, referrals and service linkages.

Meal Services

is a home support service which provides meals to individuals to ensure their nutritional needs are met. Services can include: in-home meal preparation, meals on wheels and wheels to meals or congregate meals.

Mental Health Services

is acute and supportive care provided to persons whose capacity for independent functioning is reduced due to a cognitive or emotional disorder.

Palliative Care

is defined as the active, compassionate care of the terminally ill at a time when their disease is no longer responsive to treatment and/or intervention aimed at cure or prolongation of life. The focus of the service is on easing the pain, both physical and emotional, for the client and their family. Palliative care is comprised of pain and symptom control, counselling and bereavement services. It is a multi-disciplinary approach that encompasses the client, the family and the community. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995)

Personal Care

is a home and/or community-based service provided on assessed need of the client, by a trained care provider. Services may include: assistance with the activities of daily living such as bathing, grooming, dressing, feeding, toileting and transferring; routine foot care; and supervision of activities to support daily living.

Personal Care Homes

see Institutional Care.

Physical/Occupational Therapy Services

are services which include the assessment of the client's functional ability to perform activities of daily living, followed by the planning and implementing and evaluation of the physical or occupational therapy treatments. The client, the caregiver, or the home health aide is taught to perform the therapy and monitoring as required when it can safely be done at home.

Prevention Care

that is focussed at all times on the comprehensive prevention of illnesses, whether they are the primary presenting illnesses, related illnesses, or other new and unrelated problems.

PTO

is an acronym for Provincial/Territorial Organization (First Nations and/or Inuit).

Quality Assurance

is an ongoing process that examines the efficiency, quality and effectiveness of a program or service. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995)

Quality Improvement Process

These initiatives are a pro-active approach that seem to minimize the potential for future errors rather that focussing on the resolution of problems after they have occurred (Marelli, 1994)

Record Keeping

is a process which may include: an assessment tool, a reassessment tool, a care plan and other documents to record care activities.

Rehabilitative Services

are therapy services to assist a client to maintain or regain his or her highest level of functioning.

Respite Care

is any combination of services provided expressly for the purpose of giving relief to the family or other care givers of a dependent person who lives at home. (Paraphrase: Saskatchewan First Nations Home Care Program Guidelines, 1995) Respite can include hourly and long term respite care for families with children with complex needs; palliative care; elder care and treatment after care.

In Home Respite

is the service to provide relief to the caregiver in the home setting by scheduling a Home Health Aide to stay with the client for a period of time, or scheduling support at periodic intervals during the time the caregiver is away from the home. There is usually a limit to the time allowed for in-home respite so that one client does not take a disproportionate amount of time and leave other clients without services.

Institutional Respite

is the service to provide relief to the caregiver in a setting other than the home. This can be through day or evening programs or several days of care in a long term care facility.

Second Level Home Care Services

are a range of activities that often lend themselves to maintaining quality assurance, service coordination, staff training and development, staff support, program review and report writing. The continually changing caseloads, health needs and status of clients and care plans can result in a significant coordination and management resource requirement. The focus on needs based care and client outcomes is often best attained if the home care infrastructure has access to a second level of coordination and management.

Service Integration

is a process that provides for greater continuity, comprehensiveness and flexibility in home care program delivery at the community and/or Tribal Council/PTO level.

Single Source of Entry

is the concept that a person who requires continuing care of any kind enters into the system through one assessment process which determines the level and type and location of care that is most appropriate to meet the client's needs.

Supportive and/or Enriched Housing

is a type of housing that has been developed or modified to meet the special needs of people and enables them to live independently while receiving support services that may include meal preparation, personal care, homemaking, nursing and therapy services. Examples of supportive/enriched housing are elders lodges, independent living units.

Planning Resource Kit

Greetings
Overview
Glossary
Handbook 1 - Getting Started
Handbook 2 - Community Needs Assessment
Handbook 3a - Service Delivery Plan
Handbook 3b - Capital Plan
Handbook 3c - Training Plan
Handbook 4 - Preparation Activites
Handbook 5 - Program Service Delivery