Exporting to the United States – A Team Canada Inc Publication

10.1 Dealing with U.S. Customs

It is important to be aware that United States customs regulations, procedures and terminology are often quite different from those used by Canada. As a result, familiarity with Canadian customs practices won't necessarily be an advantage to you.

Although U.S. customs regulations are very complex, clearing goods into the United States can be relatively uncomplicated if you're well prepared for it – for example, by preparing complete and accurate export documentation. As a matter of fact, inaccurate or incomplete documentation is the most common reason for export shipments having trouble entering the United States. Consequently, a little extra time spent on your paperwork will contribute a great deal to problem-free customs clearance.

There are two major ways in which your goods can enter the United States: as a formal entry, also called a commercial entry, or as an informal entry. Most exports enter the U.S. as a formal entry, for which U.S. customs regulations require the use of a U.S. customs broker. Informal entry doesn't require a broker if the shipment is accompanied by the exporter, or if the consignee comes to the port of entry to collect it.

As well as meeting the U.S. Customs requirements for formal or informal entry, your exports may have to abide by regulations established by other U.S. agencies. The Federal Trade Commission, for example, is responsible for enforcing import regulations for clothing and textiles, which are subject to more controls than some other goods. As another instance, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration maintains guidelines for the labelling of food and beverage products; if your product falls into these categories, you may need additional documentation such as a Certificate of Hygiene, a Certificate of Free Sale or a Certificate of Inspection. Your U.S. customs broker, as well as the agencies in question, can help you understand and deal with these special requirements.