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Proactive disclosure Print version | Project: Paleo-environmental records of climate change Sub-activity: Paleo-climatic and paleo-environmental reconstructions of the Northwest Pacific region from Mt. Logan ice cores This information represents activities in the Earth Sciences Sector Programs (2002-2006). Please refer to Priorities for information on current Earth Sciences Sector Programs.
This research will provide past climate reconstructions of the Northwest Pacific region from Mount Logan cores to be used by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) summary reports and by the Past Global Changes (PAGES) of IGBP the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). Project scientists will complete analyses of stable isotopes, major ions, pollen, accumulation rates and dust concentrations in order to establish a paleoenvironmental reconstruction from the ice cores. For more information:
Mount Logan Ice Cores Reveal Abrupt Shifts in Water Cycle of The North Pacific over the last 2000 Years Three ice cores obtained from Mt Logan in southern Yukon and a lake core Jelly Bean Lake near Whitehorse have revealed that the water cycle of the North Pacific undergoes abrupt changes in stable isotopes . The oxygen 18 isotopic (del-18O) record in this region reflects the source of the moisture rather than the site's temperature. The Aleutian low pressure system dominates the weather of the North West Pacific and much of the climate of western North America, (Figure 1).
Under modern conditions the region receives water from a range of latitudes from the tropics to the North Pacific and the source Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) range from +30 to +10 °C , (Figure 2) . At various periods in the past the Aleutian Low has been weaker resulting in the sites in southern Yukon receiving much less water from the distant tropics. During such periods the del-18O records reflect source water SSTs that are much lower , (+15 to +10 °C). The derived variable called the deuterium excess , d , corroborates these shifts at the same times as the del-18O does.
The last 2000 years of del-18O and d for the 5400 m asl ice core (Fisher et al., 2005) and the 800 m asl Lake core (Anderson et al., 2005) are shown in Figure 3. Unlike most del-18O records from Greenland and the eastern High Arctic , which reflect the site temperatures, this region's source water history is revealed by its stable isotopes. During the \'Little Ice Age\' from about 1600 to 1840 AD the southern Yukon received its water more from the high latitudes of the North Pacific. The Aleutian Low pressure centre was probably weaker and not in its modern position during this period. High level (5400 m asl) sites received less accumulation during this period (Moore et al., 2003) but intermediate sites (3000 m asl) received more accumulation (Kaplan et al., in preparation). The shift from the \'Little Ice Age\' moisture regime that ended in the middle 1800s to the modern was very abrupt at the high and the low elevation sites, appearing to take a few years at most, (Figure3) . Another shift occurred about 800 AD .
The last 50 years of del-18O record seems to follow the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) , whose changes have been connected to changes in the vigor of tropical ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) . The changes in recent times in the Mt Logan record are small by comparison to those that occurred in 1840 and 800 AD. Since the modern PDO era changes have had a profound effect on the climate of western North America one can but wonder at the change that would occur if an 1840 AD sized change occurred again with its apparent suddenness. Figure 4 shows the three drilling parties that obtained ice cores from/or near Mt Logan at 5400 , 4200 and 3000 m asl.
The Plateau of Mt Logan is a beautiful but harsh and dangerous place to work. Figure 5 shows it at its best on those very rare days when there is little wind or cloud.
The Logan Team GSC: David Fisher, Chris Zdanowicz, Mike Demuth, Jocelyne Bourgeois, Fritz Koerner, James Zheng, John Sekerka, Murty Parnanadi University of New Hampshire: Cameron Wake, Kaplan Yalcin University of Maine: Karl Kreutz, Erich Osterberg, Paul Mayewski University of Washington: Eric Steig, Summer Ruper University of Massachusetts, Amherst: Leslie Anderson University of Copenhagen: Dorthe Dahl-Jensen National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo: Kumiko Goto-Azuma References: Anderson L, Abbott M B , Finney B P and S J Burns. In press (2005). Regional atmospheric circulation change in the North Pacific during the Holocene inferred from Lascustrine carbonate oxygen isotopes, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quat. Res.
Moore G W K, Holdsworth G and K Alverson. 2003. The impact that elevation has on the ENSO signal in precipitation records from the Gulf of Alaska Region. Climate Change, 59, 101-121.
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